1. A method of preventing fouling of hydrocarbon processing equipment in contact with hydrocarbon fluids during processing of said hydrocarbon fluids comprising adding to said fluids an effective antifouling amount of one or more substituted olefin polymers prepared by reacting one or more C2-C10 olefin polymers having a number average molecular weight of about 150 to about 5,000 with one or more C4-C10 monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon processing equipment is selected from the group consisting of ethylene dichloride distillation units.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the substituted olefin polymers are added to the feed to the distillation units.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said olefin polymer is reacted with at least one molar equivalent of said monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said olefin polymer comprises C2-C5 mono-olefins.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein said olefin polymer is polyisobutylene.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said olefin polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 200 to about 3,000.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said substituted olefin polymer is polyisobutylene substituted with succinic anhydride groups.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein said olefin polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 1,200.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said substituted olefin polymer is formulated in one or more organic solvents.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said solvent is kerosene.
12. A composition comprising one or more organic solvents and about 5 to about 80 weight percent of one or more substituted olefin polymers prepared by reacting one or more C2-C10 mono-olefin polymers having a number average molecular weight of about 150 to about 5,000 with one or more C4-C10 monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
13. The composition of claim 12 wherein said olefin polymer is reacted with at least one molar equivalent of said monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid derivatives.
14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the olefin polymer comprises C2-C5 mono-olefins.
15. The composition of claim 14 wherein said olefin polymer is polyisobutylene.
16. The composition of claim 15 wherein said olefin polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 200 to about 3,000.
17. The composition of claim 16 wherein said substituted olefin polymer is polyisobutylene substituted with succinic anhydride groups.
18. The composition of claim 17 wherein said olefin polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 1,200.
19. The composition of claim 18 wherein said organic solvent is kerosene.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An electrospinning equipment comprising:
a power supply;
a collector; and
a material supply electrically connected to the power supply facing the collector and having a spinneret and a guide unit coupled to the spinneret and bent toward the collector, and the spinneret is configured at a central portion of the guide unit.
2. An electrospinning equipment according to claim 1, wherein the power supply further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode is electrically connected to the guide unit and the second electrode is mounted under the collector.
3. An electrospinning equipment according to claim 2, wherein the second electrode is configured in a distance away from the collector.
4. An electrospinning equipment according to claim 2, wherein the guide unit further comprises an inner surface, and distances between each spot on the inner surface and the second electrode are equal.
5. An electrospinning equipment according to claim 1, wherein the guide unit is formed by extending outward from the spinneret toward the collector.
6. An electrospinning equipment according to claim 1, wherein the guide unit further comprises an indentation surface facing the collector, and the indentation surface has an opening at a most distant location thereof from the collector, and the spinneret is located at the opening.
7. An extension structure for an electrospinning equipment, comprising an opening portion, a spinneret receiving portion and a body, wherein a width of the opening portion is larger than that of the spinneret receiving portion.
8. An extension structure according to claim 7, wherein the body is in a shape of a body portion of one selected from a group consisting of a bowl, a disc and a dome.
9. An extension structure according to claim 8, wherein the opening portion is in a shape of a fringe of the one selected from a group consisting of the bowl, the disc and the dome.
10. An extension structure according to claim 8, wherein the spinneret receiving portion is a center of the one selected from a group consisting of the bowl, the disc and the dome.
11. An extension structure according to claim 7 further comprising an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface borders the outer surface on the opening portion, and the spinneret receiving portion of the extension structure is positioned at a location most distant from the opening portion.
12. An extension structure according to claim 7 being a tube, wherein the opening portion and the spinneret receiving portion are openings of the tube, and the tube is diverged from one of the openings to the other one.
13. An electrospinning method, comprising steps of:
(1) providing a material supply;
(2) providing a collector under the material supply; and
(3) generating an electric field between the material supply and the collector, wherein a pattern of the electric field is convergent from the material supply to the collector.
14. An electrospinning method according to claim 13, wherein the electric field is generated by providing an extension structure extending outward from the material supply toward the collector.
15. An electrospinning method according to claim 14, wherein the extension structure has a body, and the body is in a shape of a body portion of one selected from a group consisting of a bowl, a disc and a dome.
16. An electrospinning method according to claim 13, wherein the electric field is generated by a power supply having a first electrode coupled to the material supply and a second electrode, where the collector is located between the second electrode and the material supply.
17. An electrospinning method according to claim 13 further comprising a step of (4) moving the collector to make a thread deposited at different locations of the collector.