1. A wire bundle comprising:
a halogen-free electric wire; and
an electric wire having a conductor and a covering material, the covering material covering the outer surface of the conductor, an outermost layer of the covering material containing cross-linked polyvinyl chloride by being irradiated with ionizing radiation, wherein:
the halogen-free electric wire has a conductor and a covering material, the covering material covering the outer surface of the conductor and including a polyolefin resin and a flame retardant,
the polyolefin resin is cross-linked by being irradiated with ionizing radiation,
the polyolefin resin is selected from a polyethylene, polybutene or ethylene-base polymer,
the quantity of the flame retardant is in the range of 30 to 150 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin, and
the flame retardant contains aluminum hydroxide at a ratio of 80 weight percent or more.
2. The wire bundle of claim 1, wherein the aluminum hydroxide in the flame retardant has an average particle size in the range of 0.1 to 10 \u03bcm.
3. The wire bundle of claim 1, wherein the aluminum hydroxide in the flame retardant has an average particle size in the range of 0.5 to 3 \u03bcm.
4. The wire bundle of claim 1, wherein the flame retardant contains additional flame retardant other than the aluminum hydroxide.
5. The wire bundle of claim 4, wherein the additional flame retardant includes magnesium hydroxide.
6. The wire bundle of claim 1, wherein the covering material of the halogen-free electric wire has thermal durability to satisfy a thermal aging requirement in which no crack or no breaking on the surface is observed after 42 days of contact with a polyvinyl chloride resin at temperature of 150\xb0 C.
7. The wire bundle of claim 6, wherein the thermal durability is tested on a condition that:
the halogen-free electric wire and six cross-linked polyvinyl chloride electric wire are cut into pieces each having a length of 300 mm, wherein
the halogen-free electric wire is prepared by melt-extruding pellets of a halogen-free composition onto an annealed copper stranded wire conductor so as to form an insulating coating of 0.7 mm in thickness, and then irradiating at 200 kGy onto the coating with electron beams having an accelerating voltage of 2 MeV, and
the six cross-linked polyvinyl chloride electric wire are prepared by melt-extruding pellets of a polyvinyl chloride onto an annealed copper stranded wire conductor so as to form an insulating coating of 0.7 mm in thickness, and then irradiating at 100 kGy onto the coating with electron beams having an accelerating voltage of 2 MeV,
the wire pieces are bundled in harness-shaped samples such that the halogen-free electric wire is disposed at the center, and the outer periphery of the wire bundle is wrapped with a cross-linked polyvinyl chloride adhesive tape so as to be pressed with it,
the samples are aged in a Geer oven for 42 days at temperature of 150\xb0 C.,
the samples are disassembled to take out the halogen-free electric wires,
the halogen-free electric wires are wound around a mandrel having the same diameter as that of the halogen-free electric wires, and
the halogen-free electric wires are inspected as to the occurrence of cracks and breakings.
8. A wire bundle comprising:
halogen-free electric wires each having a conductor and a covering material,
the covering material covering the outer surface of the conductor and including a polyolefin resin and a flame retardant,
the polyolefin resin being cross-linked by being irradiated with ionizing radiation,
the polyolefin resin is selected from a polyethylene, polybutene or ethylene-base polymer,
the quantity of the flame retardant being in the range of 30 to 150 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin,
the flame retardant containing aluminum hydroxide at a ratio of 80 weight percent or more,
wherein a bundling material containing a cross-linked polyvinyl chloride resin, which is cross-linked by being irradiated with ionizing radiation, bundles the electric wires or protects the outer periphery of the wire bundle.
9. An automotive wiring harness comprising the wire bundle according to claim 1 or claim 8.
10. The wire bundle of claim 8, wherein the aluminum hydroxide in the flame retardant has an average particle size in the range of 0.1 to 10 \u03bcm.
11. The wire bundle of claim 8, wherein the aluminum hydroxide in the flame retardant has an average particle size in the range of 0.5 to 3 \u03bcm.
12. The wire bundle of claim 8, wherein the flame retardant contains additional flame retardant other than the aluminum hydroxide.
13. The wire bundle of claim 12, wherein the additional flame retardant includes magnesium hydroxide.
14. The wire bundle of claim 8, wherein the covering material of the halogen-free electric wire has thermal durability to satisfy a thermal aging requirement in which no crack or no breaking on the surface is observed after 42 days of contact wilth a polyvinyl chloride resin at temperature of 150\xb0 C.
15. The wire bundle of claim 14, wherein the thermal durability is tested on a condition that:
the halogen-free electric wire and six cross-linked polyvinyl chloride electric wire are cut into pieces each having a length of 300 mm, wherein
the halogen-free electric wire is prepared by melt-extruding pellets of a halogen-free composition onto an annealed copper stranded wire conductor so as to form an insulating coating of 0.7 mm in thickness, and then irradiating at 200 kGy onto the coating with electron beams having an accelerating voltage of 2 MeV, and
the six cross-linked polyvinyl chloride electric wire are prepared by melt-extruding pellets of a polyvinyl chloride onto an annealed copper stranded wire conductor so as to form an insulating coating of 0.7 mm in thickness, and then irradiating at 100 kGy onto the coating with electron beams having an accelerating voltage of 2 MeV,
the wire pieces are bundled in harness-shaped samples such that the halogen-free electric wire is disposed at the center, and the outer periphery of the wire bundle is wrapped with a cross-linked polyvinyl chloride adhesive tape so as to be pressed with it,
the samples are aged in a Geer oven for 42 days at temperature of 150\xb0 C.,
the samples are disassembled to take out the halogen-free electric wires,
the halogen-free electric wires are wound around a mandrel having the same diameter as that of the halogen-free electric wires, and
the halogen-free electric wires are inspected as to the occurrence of cracks and breakings.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A data storage device, comprising:
an interface;
a buffer controller adjacent to and electrically connected to the interface;
a memory controller adjacent to and electrically connected to the buffer controller;
a non-volatile memory adjacent to and electrically connected to the memory controller; and
a self-powered semiconductor device adjacent to and electrically connected to the buffer controller, the self-powered semiconductor device including a semiconductor chip and a rechargeable micro-battery attached to the semiconductor chip,
wherein the rechargeable micro-battery comprises facing first and second current collectors, a first polarizing electrode in contact with the first current collector and facing the second current collector, a second polarizing electrode in contact with the second current collector and facing the first polarizing electrode, and an electrolyte layer formed between the first and second polarizing electrodes, and
wherein the rechargeable micro-battery further comprises a plurality of sets of small-sized batteries.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the self-powered semiconductor device further comprises a conductive plug, and one of the first and second current collectors is electrically connected to a power supply pad of the semiconductor chip by the conductive plug.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the rechargeable micro-battery further comprises a battery substrate adjacent to the first current collector, wherein the battery substrate is a semiconductor substrate.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first and second polarizing electrodes include at least one material layer selected from a group consisting of; RuO, IrO, CoO, ZrO, SrTiO, SrRuO, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and activated carbon.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first and second polarizing electrodes are formed of a combination of RuO2 and CNTs, or a combination of RuO2 and activated carbon.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte layer includes at least one selected from a group consisting of; polymer gels, LiClO4, NaClO4, LiAsF6, BF\u22124, CF3SO\u22123, and quaternary phosphonium (PH4\u2212) salts.
7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the electrolyte layer is at least one polymer gel, the polymer gel being a polymer-salt complex.
8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the polymer-salt complex comprises a polymer being one selected from a group consisting of; polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, polymethylmethacrylate, polythiophine, polypyrrole, polyaniline.
9. The device according to claim 7, wherein the polymer-salt complex comprises a salt being one selected from a group consisting of; SCN\u2212, I\u2212, ClO4\u2212, CF3SO3\u2212, Li+ (LiPON, LiF) and H+.
10. The device according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte layer comprises a LiF or LiPON layer.
11. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first and second current collectors are formed from at least one selected from a group consisting of; Cu, W, WN, Co, Ru, Ni, Ag, Ti, TiN, Ta, TaN, Al, Au, Pt, and Sn.
12. A data storage device, comprising:
an interface;
a buffer controller adjacent to and electrically connected to the interface;
a memory controller adjacent to and electrically connected to the buffer controller;
a non-volatile memory adjacent to and electrically connected to the memory controller; and
a self-powered semiconductor device adjacent to and electrically connected to the buffer controller, the self-powered semiconductor device including a semiconductor chip and a rechargeable micro-battery attached to the semiconductor chip,
wherein the rechargeable micro-battery comprises facing first and second current collectors, a first polarizing electrode in contact with the first current collector and facing the second current collector, a second polarizing electrode in contact with the second current collector and facing the first polarizing electrode, and an electrolyte layer formed between the first and second polarizing electrodes, and
wherein the self-powered semiconductor device further comprises a separator formed between the semiconductor chip and the rechargeable micro-battery, the separator being formed of at least one selected from a group consisting of a silicon oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a metal layer, a porous metal layer, and a polymer layer.