1. An ice-phobic wear resistant coating (10) for use in reducing ice adhesion on airfoil surfaces (12); the coating comprising a functional layer (14) comprising more than about 35 atomic % carbon and about 0-40 atomic % hydrogen in an amorphous diamond-like carbon configuration, and incorporating about 0.1-40 atomic % silicon and about 0.1-40 atomic % oxygen; the coating having a thickness of about 0.1-10 \u03bcm, a contact angle with water of more than about 60\xb0, and a hardness greater than the hardness of the surface to which the coating is applied, said hardness being at least 7 GPa as measured by nanoindentation.
2. (canceled)
3. The coating of claim 1 wherein the coating has a surface energy of less than about 50 mNm.
4. (canceled)
5. The coating of claim 1 wherein the functional layer is deposited on a substrate using low-pressure plasma vapor deposition technologies such as plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD or \u201csputtering\u201d), andor reactive sputtering.
6. The coating of claim 1 further including a gradient (or transition) layer (16), andor adhesive interlayer(s) between the substrate and the functional coating.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for evaluating quality of experience (QoE), the method comprising:
obtaining service parameter information sent from a media server;
obtaining quality of service (QoS) metrics; and
obtaining QoE according to the service parameter information and the QoS metrics.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the QoS metrics comprises:
obtaining match information; and
obtaining the QoS metrics corresponding to the service parameter information according to the match information.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the service parameter information comprises service content information or a codec parameter.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
obtaining the match information and the service parameter information comprises obtaining, by a measuring point, the match information and the service parameter information through a service monitoring server and a network monitoring server, wherein the service parameter information is sent from the media server;
obtaining the QoS metrics comprises obtaining, by a measuring point, the QoS metrics corresponding to the service parameter information according to the match information; and
obtaining the QoE comprises obtaining, by a measuring point, the QoE according to the service parameter information and the QoS metrics.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein obtaining, by the measuring point, the match information and the service parameter information through the service monitoring server and the network monitoring server comprises:
sending, by the service monitoring server, a fault location request to the network monitoring server when it is determined that a fault occurs on a network, wherein the fault location request comprises the match information and the service parameter information that is obtained from the media server; and
receiving, by the network monitoring server, the fault location request, and sending the match information and the service parameter information to the measuring point that requires the service parameter information.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of obtaining, by the measuring point, the match information and the service parameter information through the service monitoring server and the network monitoring server comprises:
sending, by the measuring point, a service parameter information request that comprises the match information to the service monitoring server through the network monitoring server; and
obtaining, by the service monitoring server, the service parameter information from the media server according to the match information in the service parameter information request, and sending the match information and the service parameter information to the measuring point through the network monitoring server.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein:
obtaining the match information and the service parameter information comprises obtaining, by a network monitoring server, the match information and the service parameter information through a service monitoring server, where the service parameter information is sent from the media server;
obtaining the QoS metrics comprises obtaining, by the network monitoring server, the QoS metrics corresponding to the service parameter information according to the match information, where the QoS metrics is sent from a measuring point; and
obtaining the QoE comprises obtaining, by the network monitoring server, the QoE according to the service parameter information and the QoS metrics.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein of obtaining, by the network monitoring server, the match information and the service parameter information through the service monitoring server comprises:
receiving, by the network monitoring server, a fault location request that comprises the match information, from the service monitoring server;
sending, by the network monitoring server, a service parameter information request that comprises the match information to the service monitoring server; and
receiving, by the network monitoring server, the service parameter information from the service monitoring server, wherein the service parameter information is obtained by the service monitoring server from the media server according to the match information in the service parameter information request.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of obtaining, by the network monitoring server, the match information and the service parameter information through the service monitoring server comprises:
sending, by the network monitoring server, a service parameter information request that comprises the match information to the service monitoring server; and
receiving, by the network monitoring server, the service parameter information from the service monitoring server, wherein the service parameter information is obtained by the service monitoring server from the media server according to the match information in the service parameter information request.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the QoE comprises obtaining model coefficient information from model coefficients stored locally according to the service parameter information, and obtaining the QoE according to the model coefficient information and the QoS metrics.
11. A network apparatus, comprising:
an obtaining module, configured to obtain match information and service parameter information, wherein the service parameter information is sent from a media server;
a matching module, configured to obtain quality of service (QoS) metrics corresponding to the service parameter information according to the match information; and
a processing module, configured to obtain quality of experience (QoE) according to the service parameter information and the QoS metrics.
12. The network apparatus of claim 11, wherein the service parameter information comprises service content information or a codec parameter.
13. The network apparatus of claim 12, wherein the network apparatus comprises a network measuring point.
14. The network apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a storing module, configured to store the service parameter information and the QoE.
15. A system for evaluating quality of experience (QoE), comprising:
a network monitoring server;
a service monitoring server;
a media server; and
a measuring apparatus;
wherein the measuring apparatus is configured to obtain match information and service parameter information through the service monitoring server and the network monitoring server,
wherein the service parameter information is sent from the media server; and
wherein the measuring apparatus is configured to obtain quality of service (QoS) metrics corresponding to the service parameter information according to the match information, and obtain QoE according to the service parameter information and the QoS metrics.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the service parameter information comprises service content information or a codec parameter.