1. An industrial automation system that visualizes availability and safety levels, comprising:
an optimization component that generates a voting configuration that provides an optimized combination of a safety level and an availability level based upon available redundancy; and
a graphical user interface that presents a visualization of the safety level and the availability level.
2. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface employs the visualization to model at least one of a current condition, a trend, an adjustment, and historical data.
3. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface utilizes the visualization to obtain runtime feedback.
4. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface utilizes safety integrity levels as provided by IEC 61508.
5. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface continuously monitors at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
6. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface obtains a periodic notification associated with a change in at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
7. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface receives information utilized to generate the visualization in response to at least one of a time-out and a request.
8. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface displays event related information pertaining to at least one of a fault and a remediation related to the fault.
9. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface displays a bar graph that depicts the availability level of a safety function against the safety level by employing a movable marker that indicates the availability level.
10. The system of claim 9, the bar graph includes disparate sections related to various states of a process.
11. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface maintains a log of operational devices.
12. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface displays an event window that presents data associated with events, times at which the events occurred, and transitions that resulted due to the events.
13. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface receives a user input and alters the optimized combination based on the user input.
14. The system of claim 1, further comprising a monitor component that detects a failure associated with an industrial automation device.
15. The system of claim 14, the monitor component provides data related to the failure to the graphical user interface to enable generating the visualization, the data includes at least one of a type of failure, a device associated with the failure, a process associated with the failure, and a time of the failure.
16. The system of claim 14, the monitor component yields a response to the detected failure and provides data related to the response to the graphical user interface.
17. The system of claim 1, further comprising an initialization component that generates an initial voting configuration at a time of setup and provides the initial voting configuration to the graphical user interface, the graphical user interface employs the initial voting configuration to yield the visualization.
18. The system of claim 1, further comprising a dynamic configuration component that adjusts the optimized combination to generate an updated voting configuration based at least in part upon a monitored real time event.
19. The system of claim 18, the graphical user interface modifies the visualization according to the adjusted combination associated with the updated voting configuration.
20. The system of claim 1, the optimization component evaluates the safety level by summing probabilities of failure associated with each device.
21. A method that facilitates visualizing an optimized utilization of redundancy in an industrial automation environment, comprising:
determining an optimized combination of a safety level and an availability level based at least in part upon an amount of available redundancy; and
displaying a visualization that announces the safety level and the availability level related to the optimized combination.
22. The method of claim 21, further comprising computing at least one of the safety level and the availability level during system configuration time.
23. The method of claim 22, further comprising:
receiving data that comprises at least one of a voting configuration, information associated with a safety function, a list of associated devices, availability versus safety integrity levels per device, and descriptions of modifications to a process corresponding to changes in integrity levels; and
generating the visualization based at least in part upon the received data.
24. The method of claim 21, further comprising computing at least one of the safety level and the availability level during run-time.
25. The method of claim 24, further comprising receiving an implicit message from an industrial automation device that includes information utilized to compute at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
26. The method of claim 24, further comprising receiving an explicit message from an industrial automation device that includes information utilized to compute at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
27. The method of claim 21, further comprising displaying information associated with monitored events.
28. The method of claim 27, displaying information that relates to at least one of an occurrence of a fault, a remediation associated with the fault, an addition of redundancy, a removal of redundancy, a change in safety level, a change in availability level, and a time corresponding to the event.
29. The method of claim 27, further comprising receiving data related to the monitored event in response to at least one of a time-out and a request.
30. The method of claim 21, displaying the visualization further comprises displaying a bar graph that depicts the availability level by way of an indicator versus the safety level.
31. The method of claim 30, further comprising moving the indicator to visualize a change associated with at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
32. The method of claim 21, displaying the visualization further comprises displaying an event window that includes information associated with a monitored event and a corresponding change to a voting configuration.
33. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving a user input and modifying at least one of the safety level and the availability level based at least in part on the user input.
34. A system that depicts availability and safety related to an industrial automation environment, comprising:
means for optimizing an allocation of an amount of available redundancy to provide a balance between safety and available; and
means for displaying the optimized allocation by graphically representing a safety level and an availability level.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1) A composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent.
2) The composition of claim 1 wherein at least one of the other active agents is a cardiovascular agent.
3) The composition of claim 2 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
4) The composition of claim 2, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of an ACE inhibitor, an ARB, and mixtures thereof.
5) The composition of claim 4, wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
6) The composition of claim 5 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, and mixtures thereof.
7) The composition of claim 5 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril, ramipril and ramiprilat and mixtures thereof.
8) The composition of claim 4 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
9) The composition of claim 8 wherein the ARB is selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, valsartan, and mixtures thereof.
10) The composition of claim 2, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
11) A composition comprising nebivolol and only one other active agent.
12) The composition of claim 11 wherein the other active agent is a cardiovascular agent.
13) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
14) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors and ARB’s.
15) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, and trandolapril.
16) The composition of claim 12, wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan and valsartan.
17) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers and AGE formation inhibitors.
18) A pharmaceutical composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent, and a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier.
19) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 18 wherein at least one of the other active agents is a cardiovascular agent.
20) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
21) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, an ARB’s, and mixtures thereof.
22) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 21, wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
23) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 22 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, and mixtures thereof.
24) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 23 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril, ramipril and rarniprilat and mixtures thereof
25) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 21 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
26) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 25 wherein the ARB is selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, valsartan, and mixtures thereof.
27) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
28) A method of treating andor preventing a cardiovascular disorder comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically safe and effective amount of nebivolol and at least one other active agent, sufficient to treat said condition.
29) The method of claim 28 wherein the at least one other active agent is a cardiovascular agent.
30) The method of claim 29 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
31) The method of claim 28 wherein the cardiovascular disorder is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial and cerebral infarctions, atherosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal) angina, cardiac edema, renal insufficiency, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, controlling blood pressure in hypertension, platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema, vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices, wounds associated with the use of medical devices, pulmonary thromboembolism, cerebral thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis, thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders.
32) The method of claim 30 wherein the wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, an ARB’s, and mixtures thereof.
33) The method of claim 32 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
34) The method of claim 32 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
35) The method of claim 30 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
36) The pharmaceutical composition as set forth in claims 18, wherein said composition comprises a pharmaceutical kit.
37) The composition of claim 2, wherein the cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
38) The composition of claim 37, wherein the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, and a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof
39) The composition of claim 1 wherein at least one of the other active agents is a flavonoid.
40) The composition of claim 39 wherein the flavonoid is selected from the group consisting of (\u2212)-epictechin, (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, quercetin dehydrate, taxifolin and resveratrol, and mixtures thereof.
41) The composition of claim 1 wherein at least one other active agent is selected from the group consisting of flavonoids, cartenoids, sulfonylureas, and niacin and related derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
42) The composition of claim 41 wherein at least one other active agent is a carotenoid.
43) The composition of claim 42 wherein the carotenoid is selected from the group consisting of astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene, and mixtures thereof.
44) The composition of claim 41 wherein the at least one other active agent is a sulfonylurea.
45) The composition of claim 44 wherein the sulfonylurea is selected from the group consisting of acetohexamide, DiaBeta, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glipizide, glyclopyramide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, tolbutamide, glimepiride, tolbutamide and meglitinide analogues, and mixtures thereof.
46) The method of claim 29 wherein the cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
47) The method of claim 46 wherein the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide mononitrate and a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof
48) The method of claim 47 wherein the hydralazine compound is selected from the group consisting of budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine and todralazine, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
49) The method of claim 28 wherein at least one other active agent is a flavonoid.
50) The method of claim 49 wherein the flavonoid is selected from the group consisting of (\u2212)-epictechin, (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, quercetin dehydrate, taxifolin and resveratrol, and mixtures thereof.
51) The method of claim 28 wherein at least one other active agent is selected from the group consisting of flavonoids, cartenoids, sulfonylureas, and niacin and related derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
52) A method of improving NO release in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically safe and effective amount of nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one other cardiovascular agent, sufficient to improve NO release.
53) The method of claim 52 wherein the at least one other cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
54) The method of claim 53 wherein the at least one other cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
55) The method of claim 54 wherein the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
56) The method of claim 55 wherein the hydralazine compound is selected from the group consisting of budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine and todralazine, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
57) A method of reducing mortality associated with cardiovascular disease in a black patient comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof;
(ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
(iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate andor isosorbide mononitrate; and
(iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
58) The method of claim 57 wherein the cardiovascular disorder is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial and cerebral infarctions, atherosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal) angina, cardiac edema, renal insufficiency, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, controlling blood pressure in hypertension, platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema, vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices, wounds associated with the use of medical devices, pulmonary thromboembolism, cerebral thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis, thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders.
59) The method of claim 58, wherein the cardiovascular disorder is hypertension.
60) The method of claim 59, wherein the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
61) The method of claim 57 wherein the nebivolol is administered in an amount of from about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day.
62) A method for improving NO release in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a safe and therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof;
(ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
(iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate andor isosorbide mononitrate; and
(iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
63) The method of claim 62, wherein the cardiovascular disorder is hypertension.
64) The method of claim 62, wherein the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
65) The method of claim 64, wherein the hydralazine compound is hydralazine hydrochloride.
66) A method for improving exercise tolerance or for improving the quality of life in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof;
(ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
(iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate andor isosorbide mononitrate; and
(iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
67) The method of claim 66, wherein the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine hydrochloride, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
68) The method of claim 67, wherein the hydralazine compound is hydralazine hydrochloride.
69) A method of improving NO release in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt in an amount of about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day, and at least one other cardiovascular agent.
70) The method of claim 69 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
71) A method for the treatment andor prevention of cardiovascular diseases characterized by nitric oxide insufficiency, wherein said method comprises administering to a patient nebivolol, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, in an amount of about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day, and at least one other cardiovascular agent selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
72) A method for improving exercise tolerance or for improving the quality of life in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof in the amount of about 1 mg to about 10 mg per day;
(ii) at least one cardiovascular agent; and
(iii) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
73) The method of claim 72 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
74) A composition comprising nebivolol, hydrochlorothiazide and at least one other additional active agent.