1. A method of continuously casting blooms, slabs or thin slabs in a continuous casting plant wherein, below a mold (1) there are provided mutually spaced adjustable strand guide segments (2.1-2.n) with, for example, roll pairs (4,4) actuatable by path-controllable hydraulic cylinders, whereby the cast strand (5) has its thickness reduced as the strand shell (8) is formed by tapered conical adjustment of at least one of its strand guide segments (2.1-2.n) in a soft reduction stretch (SR stretch) extending up to the sump tip melt-cavity tip and in the region of its liquid core (7) between the mold (1) and the soft reduction stretch by at least one roll pair (4, 4) is subjected to a format thickness reduction, characterized in that through the number of the roll pairs (4, 4) and their more or less narrow mutual settings in the region of the liquid core (7) of the cast strand (5) there is a flexible matching of the casting process to the casting speed, and thereby the format thickness reduction of the cast strand (5) with the liquid core (7) is so set that independently of steel quality, intensity of the spray cooling and the casting speed, the position of the sump tip melt-cavity tip (9) in the SR stretch is held approximately constant.
2. The method according to claim 1 characterized in that the arrangement andor settings of the roll pairs (4, 4) for the format thickness reduction in the region of the liquid core (7) of the cast strand (5) is determined based upon the casting cross section or format cross section of the cast strand.
3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized that in the format thickness reduction is effected directly ahead of the SR stretch.
4. A method according to one or more of the claims 1-3 characterized in that the rolls (4) for the format thickness reduction of the cast strand (5) in the SR stretch are set with position control.
5. A method according to one or more of the claims 1-4 characterized in that the rolls (4) for format thickness reduction of the cast strand (5) in the region of the liquid core (7) are set with position control.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A hybrid working machine comprising:
an engine;
a variable displacement hydraulic pump connected to the engine;
a motor generator connected to the engine;
a control unit controlling the motor generator; and
wherein the control unit acquires a calculation value of the hydraulic pump based on a pump current supplied to the hydraulic pump and a discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump using a predetermined algorithm, corrects a hydraulic pump characteristic parameter used in the predetermined algorithm based on an assumed pressure error between the calculation value and an actual value of the hydraulic pump, calculates an assumed hydraulic pressure correction output using the corrected hydraulic pump characteristic parameter, and controls the motor generator based on the assumed hydraulic pressure correction output.
2. The hybrid working machine according to claim 1,
wherein the calculation value of the hydraulic pump is an assumed hydraulic pressure output as an output from the hydraulic pump, the actual value of the hydraulic pump is an actual hydraulic pressure output as an actual output of the hydraulic pump, the control unit calculates the actual hydraulic pressure output from an output of the engine and an output of the motor generator, calculates the assumed hydraulic pressure output from the pump current supplied to the hydraulic pump and the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump using the predetermined algorithm, and calculates the assumed hydraulic pressure error as a difference between the assumed hydraulic pressure output and the actual hydraulic pressure output.
3. The hybrid working machine according to claim 1,
wherein the hydraulic pump characteristic parameter is a hydraulic pump efficiency map.
4. The hybrid working machine according to claim 1,
wherein the hydraulic pump characteristic parameter is a pressure flow rate characteristic diagram of the hydraulic pump.
5. The hybrid working machine according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit calculates the actual hydraulic pressure output in consideration of a power loss in the hydraulic pump and a power loss in the motor generator.
6. The hybrid working machine according to claim 1,
wherein the hydraulic pump characteristic parameter is a control signal of the hydraulic pump, the control signal is corrected to bring a characteristic of the hydraulic pump closer to a discharge flow rate changing characteristic of the hydraulic pump, the output of the hydraulic pump is calculated based on the corrected control signal, and the output of the motor generator assisting the engine is controlled based on the calculated output of the hydraulic pump.
7. The hybrid working machine according to claim 6,
wherein the control signal is corrected to have a time lag.
8. The hybrid working machine according to claim 6,
wherein control signal indicates the discharge pressure or the control current of the hydraulic pump.
9. The hybrid working machine according to claim 8,
wherein when the output of the hydraulic pump is calculated the discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in the hydraulic pump corresponding to a change of a signal indicative of the negative control pressure as the control signal is acquired,
the discharge quantity of the hydraulic pump is calculated based on the acquired discharge flow rate changing characteristic, and
the output of the hydraulic pump is calculated by using a smaller one of the discharge quantity calculated based on the acquired discharge flow rate changing characteristic and the discharge quantity calculated from the negative control pressure as the discharge quantity of the hydraulic pump.
10. The hybrid working machine according to claim 6,
wherein the discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in the hydraulic pump caused by a change of the control signal of the hydraulic pump is acquired for respective operation modes of the hybrid working machine.
11. The hybrid working machine according to claim 6,
wherein the discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in the hydraulic pump is acquired respectively for an increment and a decrement of the control signal.
12. A control method for a hybrid working machine in which a hydraulic pump having a discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in a control signal is driven by an output of an engine, the control method comprising:
correcting the control signal to bring a characteristic of the hydraulic pump closer to the discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in the control signal;
calculating the output of the hydraulic pump based on the output of the corrected control signal; and
controlling an output of a motor generator assisting the engine based on the calculated output of the hydraulic pump.
13. The control method according to claim 12,
wherein the correcting corrects the control signal to have a time lag.
14. The control method according to claim 12,
wherein the control signal indicates the discharge pressure or the control current of the hydraulic pump.
15. The control method according to claim 12,
wherein the calculating the output of the hydraulic pomp includes:
acquiring the discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in the hydraulic pump corresponding to a change of a signal indicative of the negative control pressure as the control signal,
calculating the discharge quantity of the hydraulic pump based on the acquired discharge flow rate changing characteristic, and
calculating the output of the hydraulic pump by using smaller one of the discharge quantity calculated based on the acquired discharge flow rate changing characteristic and the discharge quantity calculated from the negative control pressure as the discharge quantity of the hydraulic pump.
16. The control method according to claim 12,
wherein the discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in the hydraulic pump caused by a change of the control signal of the hydraulic pump is acquired for respective operation modes of the hybrid working machine.
17. The control method according to claim 12,
wherein the discharge flow rate changing characteristic inherent in the hydraulic pump is acquired respectively for an increment and a decrement of the control signal.