1. An optoelectronic element, comprising:
an optoelectronic unit comprising a first top surface and a first metal layer on the first top surface;
a first transparent structure surrounding the optoelectronic unit and exposing the first top surface; and
a first contact layer on the first transparent structure, comprising a connective part electrically connected with the first metal layer.
2. The optoelectronic element of claim 1, further comprising:
a first conductive layer on the first contact layer; and
an optical layer between the first contact layer and the first conductive layer.
3. The optoelectronic element of claim 1, further comprising a first isolating layer on the first contact layer, wherein the first isolating layer is an optical layer.
4. The optoelectronic element of claim 1, further comprising a second metal layer on the first top surface, wherein the second metal layer is separated from the first metal layer.
5. The optoelectronic element of claim 4, further comprising:
a second conductive layer on the second metal layer; and
an optical layer between the second metal layer and the second conductive layer.
6. The optoelectronic element of claim 4, further comprising:
a second contact layer on the second metal layer; and
a first isolating layer on the second contact layer, wherein the first isolating layer is an optical layer.
7. An optoelectronic element, comprising:
an optoelectronic unit comprising a first top surface, a first bottom surface opposite to the first top surface, and a lateral surface between the first top surface and the first bottom surface, wherein the optoelectronic unit generates a light;
a first transparent structure covering the lateral surface and exposing the first top surface;
an optical layer on the first top surface and the first transparent structure, diffusing the light;
a first opening through the optical layer; and
a first conductive layer on the optical layer.
8. The optoelectronic element of claim 7, wherein the first conductive layer comprises:
a first plug region above the first metal layer; and
a first extended region overlapping the optical layer,
wherein a distance between the first plug region and the first top surface is smaller than that between the first extended region and the first top surface.
9. The optoelectronic element of claim 7, wherein the first conductive layer comprises a first plug region above the first metal layer, wherein a distance between the first plug region and the first top surface is smaller than that between the top surface of the optical layer and the first top surface.
10. The optoelectronic element of claim 7, further comprising a recess between the optical layer and the first metal layer, wherein the first conductive layer fills the recess.
11. An optoelectronic element, comprising:
an optoelectronic unit comprising a first top surface, a first bottom surface opposite to the first top surface, and a lateral surface between the first top surface and the first bottom surface;
a first transparent structure covering the lateral surface and exposing the first top surface of the optoelectronic unit;
a second transparent structure on the first transparent structure;
a first insulating layer on the first top surface and the first transparent structure;
a first opening through the first insulating layer; and
a first conductive layer on the first insulating layer and electrically connecting to the optoelectronic unit via the first opening.
12. The optoelectronic element of claim 11, further comprising a wavelength-converting layer covering the first transparent structure and the second transparent structure.
13. The optoelectronic element of claim 12, wherein a sidewall of the first transparent structure or the second transparent structure is inclined.
14. The optoelectronic element of claim 12, further comprising a third transparent structure on the wavelength-converting layer.
15. The optoelectronic element of claim 14, wherein the third transparent structure comprises an encapsulating part fully covering the wavelength-converting layer.
16. The optoelectronic element of claim 14, wherein refractive indices of the first transparent structure, the second transparent structure, and the third transparent structure are gradually changed.
17. The optoelectronic element of claim 14, wherein the third transparent structure comprises a trapezoid transparent carrier on the wavelength-converting layer.
18. The optoelectronic element of claim 15, wherein the encapsulating part comprises a dome shape.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method for the diagnosing an operation of a combustion condition sensor used within an engine that defines a combustion chamber for combusting airfuel mixtures, the method comprising determining an output value of the combustion condition sensor and comparing the output value to a predetermined value.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining an output value comprises sampling an output value of the combustion condition sensor.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining an output value comprises sampling an output voltage of an air fuel ratio sensor functioning as the combustion condition sensor.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining an output value comprises sampling an output voltage of an oxygen sensor functioning as the combustion condition sensor.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of comparing comprises comparing the output value with at least one of a predetermined maximum output value of the combustion condition sensor and a predetermined minimum output value of the combustion condition sensor.
6. The method according to claim 5 additionally comprising saving the output value if the output value is greater than the predetermined maximum output value or less than the predetermined minimum output value.
7. The method according to claim 6 additionally comprising saving a time at which the output value was sampled.
8. The method according to claim 1 additionally comprising determining if the output value of the combustion condition sensor has switched from a first output range to a second output range.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the first output range corresponds to the combustion of a rich air fuel mixture, the second output range corresponding to the combustion of the lean careful mixture.
10. The method according to claim 8 additionally comprising determining a time over which the output value of the combustion condition sensor switched from the first output range to the second output range.
11. The method according to claim 8 additionally comprising saving the time over which the output value switches to storage device.
12. The method according to claim 1 additionally comprising storing the output value to a storage device.
13. The method according to claim 12 additionally comprising determining if a predetermined time period has expired.
14. The method according to claim 13 additionally comprising preventing the output value from being stored if the predetermined time period has not expired.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the predetermined time period corresponds to a time period required for the engine to reach operational temperature.
16. A method for the diagnosing an operation of a combustion condition sensor used within an engine that defines a combustion chamber for combusting airfuel mixtures and a fuel supply system for supplying fuel for the airfuel mixtures, the method comprising setting a first fuel amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chamber, adjusting the fuel amount, and determining an output value of the combustion condition sensor.
17. The method according to claim 16, wherein setting a first fuel amount comprises controlling the fuel supply system to create a lean airfuel mixture in the combustion chamber.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein adjusting the fuel amount comprises increasing the first fuel amount so as to change an airfuel ratio of the airfuel mixtures.
19. The method according to claim 16, wherein determining an output value comprises sampling an output signal of the combustion condition sensor before the fuel amount is adjusted.
20. The method according to claim 19 additionally comprising sampling an output signal of the combustion condition sensor after the fuel amount is adjusted.
21. A diagnostic system for diagnosing a combustion condition sensor, comprising a controller configured to control at least one operational characteristic of an engine which defines at least one combustion chamber configured for combustion of an airfuel mixture therein, the controller being configured to determine an output value of the combustion condition sensor and to compare the output value to a predetermined value.
22. The diagnostic system according to claim 21, wherein the combustion condition sensor is an oxygen sensor.
23. The diagnostic system according to claim 22, wherein the output value is a voltage.
24. The diagnostic system according to claim 21, wherein the controller is configured to compare the output value to at least one of a predetermined maximum output value and a predetermined minimum output value.
25. The diagnostic system according to claim 21, wherein the controller is configured to determine the time required for the combustion condition sensor to switch from a first output value to a second output value.
26. The diagnostic system according to claim 25, wherein the first output value corresponds to the detection of the combustion of a rich air fuel mixture.
27. The diagnostic system according to claim 26, wherein the second output value corresponds to the detection of the combustion of a lean air fuel mixture.
28. The diagnostic system according to claim 21, wherein the controller is configured to save the output value.
29. The diagnostic system according to claim 28, wherein the controller is configured so as to not save the output value if a predetermined time period has not elapsed.
30. The diagnostic system according to claim 29, wherein the predetermined time period is the time required for the engine to reach a proper operational temperature.
31. The diagnostic system according to claim 29, wherein the predetermined time period is the time required for the combustion condition sensor to reach a proper operating temperature.
32. A diagnostic system for diagnosing a combustion condition sensor, comprising a controller configured to control a fuel supply system of an engine which defines at least one combustion chamber configured for combustion of an airfuel mixture therein, the controller being configured to control the fuel supply system so as to create at least one of a lean airfuel mixture and a rich airfuel mixture in the combustion chamber, adjust the airfuel mixture, and determine a time required for the combustion condition sensor to switch from a first output value to a second output value.
33. The diagnostic system according to claim 32 wherein the first output value corresponds to the detection of the combustion of a lean airfuel mixture, the second output value corresponding to the detection of the combustion of a rich airfuel mixture.
34. A diagnostic system for diagnosing a combustion condition sensor, comprising a controller configured to control at least one operational characteristic of the engine which defines at least one combustion chamber configured for combustion of an air fuel mixture therein, the controller being configured to determine an output value of the combustion condition sensor and means for comparing the output value to a predetermined value.
35. The diagnostic system according to claim 34 additionally comprising means for determining if the output value is at least one of greater than a predetermined maximum output value and less than a predetermined minimum output value.
36. The diagnostic system according to claim 34 additionally comprising means for storing the output value.
37. The diagnostic system according to claim 36 additionally comprising means for preventing the output value from being stored if a predetermined time period has not elapsed.