What is claimed is:
1. A drive unit (20) comprising:
a superposition drive (14) comprising a first input shaft (17) for establishing a drive connection with a primary drive source, a second input shaft (18) and an output shaft (19), and
an electric motor (15) having a rotor (22) and a stator (23), the electric motor being the secondary drive source, one of the rotor or stator being connected to the second input shaft (18) of the superposition drive (14) and the other of the rotor or stator being connected to a further rotating member of the superposition drive (14).
2. A drive unit according to claim 1 wherein the rotor (22) is connected to the second input shaft (18) in a rotationally fast way and the stator (23) is at least indirectly connected in a rotationally fast way to the first input shaft (17).
3. A drive unit according to claim 1 wherein the rotor (22) is connected to the second input shaft (18) in a rotationally fast way and the stator (23) is connected at least indirectly to the output shaft (19) in a rotationally fast way.
4. A drive unit according to claim 1 wherein the superposition drive (14) is a planetary drive with a carrier shaft, a sun gear (25), at least one planetary gear (31) and a hollow gear (35), wherein the first input shaft (17) comprises the carrier shaft and rotatably carries the at least one planetary gear (31) which is arranged eccentrically, the second input shaft (18) is connected to the sun gear (25) in a rotationally fast way, and the hollow gear (35) is connected to the output shaft (19) in a rotationally fast way.
5. A drive unit according to claim 4 wherein the second input shaft (18) is a hollow shaft.
6. A drive unit according to claim 4 wherein the sun gear (25) or the second input shaft (18) are rotatably supported on the first input shaft (17).
7. A drive unit according to claim 4 wherein the first input shaft (17) and either of the hollow gear (35) or the output shaft (19) are directly rotatably supported inside one another.
8. A drive unit according to claim 1 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part being connected to the first input shaft (17) in a rotationally fast way.
9. A drive unit according to claim 8 wherein the output shaft (19) or the hollow gear (35) form a cover part (37), and a rotational seal (38) is provided between said cover part (37) and the housing part (24).
10. A drive unit according to claim 4 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part (24) being connected to the first input shaft (17) in a rotationally fast way, and, at its cover end, being connected to the planet carrier shaft (30) in a rotationally fast way.
11. A drive unit according to claim 1 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) in which there is arranged the stator (23), the housing part (24) being connected to the output shaft (19) in a rotationally fast way.
12. A drive unit according to claim 4 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) in which there is arranged the stator (23), the housing part (24) being connected to the output shaft (19) in a rotationally fast way, and wherein the output shaft (19) or the hollow gear (35) form a cover part, and a rotationally fast connection (40) is effective between said cover part and the housing part (24).
13. A drive unit according to claim 11 wherein the housing part (24) is rotatably supported on the input shaft (17).
14. A drive unit according to claim 1 wherein the electric motor (15) comprises a housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part (24) being provided with a current receiving member (27) which cooperates with a stationary current supplying member (21).
15. A drive unit according to claim 1 wherein the rotor (22) of the electric motor (15) is formed by permanent magnets.
16. A motor vehicle (1) driven by a plurality of axles comprising:
at least one first driving axle (2);
at least one second driving axle (34);
a primary drive source which, via a first driveline (9), is drivingly connected to the first driving axle (2) and which, via a second driveline (10), is drivingly connected to the second driving axle (3); and
a drive unit (20) which is arranged in the second driveline (10) and which comprises a superposition drive (14) with a first input shaft (17), a second input shaft (18), an output shaft (19), and an electric motor (15) as a secondary drive source, wherein the first input shaft (17) is drivingly connected to the primary drive source, the second input shaft (18) is drivingly connected to the electric motor (15) and the output shaft (19) is drivingly connected to the second driving axle (3), and wherein, the electric motor, comprising a rotor and a stator is connected in a rotationally fast way to different rotating members of the superposition drive (14) respectively.
17. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the primary drive source comprises an internal combustion engine and a gearbox with a variable ratio.
18. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the first driving axle (2) is a rear axle having unsteered wheels (4, 4).
19. A motor vehicle according to claim 17 wherein the internal combustion engine (7) and the gearbox (8) are associated with a rear axle having unsteered wheels (4, 4).
20. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the first driving axle (2) comprises a first axle differential (12) and the second driving axle (3) comprises a second axle differential (13).
21. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the rotor (22) and the stator (23) are connected to the first input shaft (17) and to the second input shaft (18) of the superposition drive (14) respectively.
22. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the rotor (22) and the stator (23) are connected to one of the input shafts (17, 18) and to the output shaft (19) of the superposition drive, respectively.
23. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the superposition drive (14) is a planetary drive with a carrier shaft, a sun gear (25), at least one planetary gear (31) and a hollow gear (35), wherein the first input shaft (17) comprises the carrier shaft and rotatably carries the at least one planetary gear (31) which is arranged eccentrically, the second input shaft (18) is connected to the sun gear (25) in a rotationally fast way, and the hollow gear (35) is connected to the output shaft (19) in a rotationally fast way.
24. A motor vehicle according to claim 23 wherein the second input shaft (18) is a hollow shaft.
25. A motor vehicle according to claim 23 wherein the sun gear (25) or the second input shaft (18) are rotatably supported on the first input shaft (17).
26. A motor vehicle according to claim 23 wherein the first input shaft (17) and either of the hollow gear (35) or the output shaft (19) are directly rotatably supported inside one another.
27. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part (24) being connected to the first input shaft (17) in a rotationally fast way.
28. A motor vehicle according to claim 27 wherein either of the output shaft (19) or the hollow gear (35) form a cover part (37), and a rotational seal (38) is provided between said cover part (37) and the housing part (24).
29. A motor vehicle according to claim 23 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part (24) being connected to the first input shaft (17) in a rotationally fast way, and at its cover end, the housing part (24) is connected to the carrier shaft (30) in a rotationally fast way.
30. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part (24) being connected to the output shaft (19) in a rotationally fast way.
31. A motor vehicle according to claim 23 comprising a cup-shaped housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part (24) being connected to the output shaft (19) in a rotationally fast way, and wherein the output shaft (19) or the hollow gear (35) form a cover part and a rotationally fast connection is effective between the cover part and the housing part.
32. A motor vehicle according claim 30 wherein the housing part (24) is rotatably supported on the input shaft (17).
33. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the electric motor (15) comprises a housing part (24) accommodating the stator (23), the housing part (24) being provided with a current receiving member (27) which cooperates with a stationary current supplying member (21).
34. A motor vehicle according to claim 16 wherein the rotor (22) of the electric motor (15) is formed by permanent magnets.
35. A drive system for a motor vehicle having at least one first driving axle (2) and at least one second driving axle (3), the drive comprising:
a primary drive source which, via a first driveline (9), is drivingly connected to a first driving axle (2) and which, via a second driveline (10) is drivingly connected to the second driving axle (3); and
a drive unit (20) which is arranged in the second driveline (10) and which comprises a superposition drive (14) with a first input shaft (17), a second input shaft (18), an output shaft (19), and an electric motor (15) as a secondary drive source, wherein the first input shaft (17) is drivingly connected to the primary drive source, the second input shaft (18) is drivingly connected to the electric motor and the output shaft (19) is drivingly connected to the second axle (3), and wherein, the electric motor includes a rotor and a stator connected in a rotationally fast way to different rotating members of the superposition drive (14), respectively;
wherein the electric motor (15) is adapted to be speed controlled or torque controlled as a function of driving condition parameters.
36. A drive system for a motor vehicle having at least one first driving axle (2) and at least one second driving axle (3), the drive comprising:
a primary drive source which, via a first driveline (9), is drivingly connected to a first driving axle (2) and which, via a second driveline (10) is drivingly connected to the second driving axle (3); and
a drive unit (20) which is arranged in the second driveline (10) and which comprises a superposition drive (14) with a first input shaft (17), a second input shaft (18), an output shaft (19), and an electric motor (15) as a secondary drive source, wherein the first input shaft (17) is drivingly connected to the primary drive source, the second input shaft (18) is drivingly connected to the electric motor and the output shaft (19) is drivingly connected to the second axle (3), and wherein, the electric motor includes a rotor and a stator connected in a rotationally fast way to different rotating members of the superposition drive (14), respectively;
wherein the electric motor (15) is supplied with current or electrically disconnected as a function of driving condition parameters.
37. A system according to claim 35 wherein, when the vehicle (1) is driven in a straight line without being braked, the electric motor (15) is supplied with current in such a way that its rotor (22) and its stator (23) stand still relative to one another.
38. A system according to claim 36 wherein, when the vehicle (1) is driven in a straight line without being braked, the electric motor (15) is supplied with current in such a way that its rotor (22) and its stator (23) stand still relative to one another.
39. A system according to claim 35 wherein, by driving the electric motor (15), the rotational speed of the output shaft (19) in curves is controlled in such a way that wheels (5, 5) of the second driving axle (3) roll in a slip-free way.
40. A system according to claim 36 wherein, by driving the electric motor (15), the rotational speed of the output shaft (19) in curves is controlled in such a way that wheels (5, 5) of the second driving axle (3) roll in a slip-free way.
41. A system according to claim 35 wherein, when the vehicle negotiates curves, a rotational speed of the second driving axle (3) is controlled by driving the electric motor as a function of a steering angle of the steerable axle of the motor vehicle.
42. A system according to claim 36 wherein, when the vehicle negotiates curves, a rotational speed of the second driving axle (3) is controlled by driving the electric motor as a function of a steering angle of the steerable axle of the motor vehicle.
43. A system according to claim 35 wherein, for slip-free driving, a torque of the second driving axle (3) is controlled by supplying the electric motor (15) with current as a function of the speeds of the first driving axle and of the second driving axle.
44. A system according to claim 36 wherein, for slip-free driving, a torque of the second driving axle (3) is controlled by supplying the electric motor (15) with current as a function of the speeds of the first driving axle and of the second driving axle.
45. A system according to claim 35 wherein, when activating a driving dynamics control system of the motor vehicle, the electric motor (15) is electrically disconnected or controlled.
46. A system according to claim 36 wherein, when activating a driving dynamics control system of the motor vehicle, the electric motor (15) is electrically disconnected or controlled.
47. A system according to claim 35 wherein, when activating a motor vehicle brake system including an ABS system, the electric motor (15) is electrically disconnected controlled.
48. A system according to claim 36 wherein, when activating a motor vehicle brake system including an ABS system, the electric motor (15) is electrically disconnected controlled.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of fabricating a thin film transistor substrate, including a display area which has liquid crystal cells arranged in a matrix type, and a non-display area where is located at an exterior of the display area, the method comprising:
forming a gate pattern that is comprised of a gate line which is formed at the display area, a gate electrode which is connected to a gate line, a gate link which is formed at the non-display area, and a lower gate pad electrode which is connected, via the gate link, to the gate line;
forming a gate insulating film on a substrate provided with the gate pattern, and then forming a data pattern that is comprised of a data line which is formed at the display area and is crossed with the gate line, a source electrode and a drain electrode which are connected to the data line, a data link which is formed at the non-display area, and a lower data pad electrode which is connected, via the data link, to the data line; and
forming a protective film on the entire substrate provided with the data pattern, and then forming a conductive pattern that is comprised of a pixel electrode which is formed at the display area by a contact hole filling process using an over-coat layer, and an upper gate pad electrode and an upper data pad electrode which are formed at the non-display area,
wherein the conductive pattern which is formed at the non-display is exposed to the exterior by an ashing process regarding the over-coat layer,
wherein no conductive patterns exist at the non-display area outside the upper gate pad electrode and the upper data pad electrode,
wherein the step of forming the conductive pattern includes forming the protective film on the entire substrate, and then forming a photo-resist pattern that exposes the protective film by a third mask process, etching the protective film which is exposed by the photo-resist pattern to form a plurality of contact holes, drying-ashing the photo-resist pattern provided with the contact hole to remove the photo-resist pattern which is formed at a pixel area, forming a transparent conductive film on the entire ashed photo-resist pattern, and then covering the photo-resist pattern provided with the transparent conductive film with the over-coat layer, ashing the over-coat layer which covers the display area and the non-display area to expose the transparent conductive film which is formed at another area other than an area to be formed the conductive pattern, etching the transparent conductive film which is exposed at the display area and the non-display area to form the conductive pattern and removing the photo-resist pattern and the over-coat layer which remain on the substrate by a stripping process,
wherein the transparent conductive film, which is formed at another area other than an area to be formed a conductive pattern including the pixel electrode, the upper gate pad electrode, and the upper data pad electrode, is exposed to the exterior by carrying out the ashing process regarding the over-coat layer,
wherein the transparent conductive film, which is formed at the non-display area is exposed to the exterior by the ashing process regarding the over-coat layer to form the conductive pattern.
2. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 1, further includes:
forming a storage capacitor that is comprised of the gate line, the gate insulating film, and the pixel electrode which is formed to be overlapped with the gate line with having the protective film between.
3. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming the gate pattern includes:
forming a gate metal layer on a substrate of the display area and the non-display area;
forming a photo-resist on the entire gate metal layer, and then forming a photo-resist pattern that exposes the gate metal layer by a first mask process;
etching the gate metal layer which is exposed by the photo-resist pattern to form the gate pattern; and
removing the photo-resist pattern which remains on the substrate by a stripping process.
4. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming the data pattern includes:
sequentially forming the gate insulating film that covers the gate pattern, a semiconductor layer that forms a channel, and a data metal layer on the substrate of the display area and the non-display area;
forming a photo-resist on the entire data metal layer, and then forming a photo-resist pattern having step coverage at a channel area by a second mask process;
etching the data metal layer which is exposed by the photo-resist pattern, and then ashing the photo-resist pattern to expose a data metal layer which is formed at the channel area;
etching the data metal layer which is exposed at the channel area to form the data pattern, and then etching the semiconductor layer which is exposed at the channel area to form a semiconductor pattern which is comprised of an active layer and an ohmic contact layer; and
removing the photo-resist pattern which remains on the substrate by a stripping process.
5. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 4, wherein the second mask is a half tone mask where a diffractive pattern is formed to correspond to the channel area.
6. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 1, wherein the three mask is a diffractive exposure mask having a diffractive exposure part, transmitting part and a shielding part,
wherein the diffractive exposure part is formed at an area to be formed the pixel electrode, a transmitting part is formed at an area to be formed the plurality of contact holes, and a shielding part is formed an area other than thereof.
7. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 6, wherein the step of forming a contact hole on the protective film includes:
forming a first contact hole that passes through the protective film to expose the drain electrode;
forming a second contact hole that passes through the protective film and a gate insulating film to expose the lower gate pad electrode; and
forming a third contact hole that passes through the protective film to expose the lower data pad electrode.
8. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 6, wherein the transparent conductive film, which is formed at the non-display area, is all exposed in the step of exposing the transparent conductive film.
9. The method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate according to claim 6, wherein the transparent conductive film, which is exposed at the non-display area, is all etched, so that a transparent conductive film does not remain at the non-display area in the step of etching the exposed transparent conductive film.
10. A method of fabricating the thin film transistor substrate comprising:
forming a gate line and a gate electrode;
forming a gate insulating film on the gate line and the gate electrode;
forming an active layer and an ohmic contact layer on the gate insulating film;
forming a data line, a source electrode and a drain electrode;
forming a protective film on the data line, the source electrode and the drain electrode;
forming a photo-resist pattern on the protective film, wherein the photo-resist pattern includes a contact hole to expose a portion of the drain electrode;
removing a portion of the photo-resist pattern over a display area using a first ashing process;
forming a transparent conductive film over the substrate;
forming an over-coat layer on the transparent conductive film;
removing the over-coat layer to expose the transparent conductive film over a non-display area using a second ashing process;
removing the exposed transparent conductive film to form a pixel electrode; and
removing the remaining over-coat layer and the photo-resist pattern,
wherein the transparent conductive film, which is formed at another area other than an area to be formed a conductive pattern including the pixel electrode is exposed to the exterior by carrying out the second ashing process regarding the over-coat layer,
wherein the transparent conductive film, which is formed at a non-display area is exposed to the exterior by the second ashing process regarding the over-coat layer to form the conductive pattern.