1. A method of oxidizing carbide anions andor negative ions from carbides, said method comprising: oxidizing carbide anions at a reaction temperature range from about 150\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C., wherein the reaction produces an allotrope of carbon in an sp1 andor sp3 configuration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said carbide anions are salt-like or intermediate carbide anions.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said salt-like carbide anions are selected from the group consisting of methanides, acetylides, and sesquicarbides.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein said salt-like carbide anions are acetylides.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said reaction produces an allotrope of carbon in an sp1 configuration.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said reaction produces an allotrope of carbon in an sp3 configuration.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range selected from the group consisting of from about 150\xb0 C. to about 200\xb0 C., from about 150\xb0 C. to about 250\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 250\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 300\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 350\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 500\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 500\xb0 C.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range selected from the group consisting of from about 300\xb0 C. to about 600\xb0 C., from about 400\xb0 C. to about 600\xb0 C., from about 500\xb0 C. to about 700\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 700\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C., and from about 150\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range from about from about 250\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein said carbide anions comprise calcium carbide.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein said reaction further comprises adding a salt with a melting point of less than 250\xb0 C. as a reactant.
12. A method of producing pure elemental allotropes of carbon comprising: oxidizing salt-like carbide anions andor intermediate carbide anions at a reaction temperature range from about 150\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said salt-like carbide anions are selected from the group consisting of methanides, acetylides, and sesquicarbides.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the reaction produces pure elemental allotropes of carbon with a sp1 or sp3 configuration.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein said reaction produces pure elemental allotropes of carbon with a sp1 configuration.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein said reaction produces pure elemental allotropes of carbon with a sp3 configuration.
17. The method of claim 12, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range selected from the group consisting of from about 150\xb0 C. to about 200\xb0 C., from about 150\xb0 C. to about 250\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 250\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 300\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 350\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 500\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 500\xb0 C.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range selected from the group consisting of from about 300\xb0 C. to about 600\xb0 C., from about 400\xb0 C. to about 600\xb0 C., from about 500\xb0 C. to about 700\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 700\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C., and from about 150\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C.
19. The method of claim 12, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range from about from about 250\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C.
20. The method of claim 12, wherein the reaction further comprises utilizing a salt with a melting point of less than 250\xb0 C. as a reactant.
21. The method of claim 12, wherein said reaction comprises reacting a sesquicarbide with a molten metallic halide salt to produce a pure allotrope of carbon in the sp1 configuration.
22. A method for producing diamonds by reacting carbides with molten metallic halide salts at a reaction temperature range from about 150\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range selected from the group consisting of from about 150\xb0 C. to about 200\xb0 C., from about 150\xb0 C. to about 250\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 250\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 300\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 350\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 500\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 500\xb0 C.
24. The method of claim 22, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range selected from the group consisting of from about 300\xb0 C. to about 600\xb0 C., from about 400\xb0 C. to about 600\xb0 C., from about 500\xb0 C. to about 700\xb0 C., from about 200\xb0 C. to about 700\xb0 C., from about 250\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C., and from about 150\xb0 C. to about 750\xb0 C.
25. The method of claim 22, wherein said reaction temperature is in a range from about from about 250\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C.
26. A method of controlling a carbon allotrope comprising: controlling the reduction potential of a low melting point halide salt reactant by varying the reduction potential of a cation andor changing the temperature of the melt.
27. A method of oxidizing carbide anions andor negative ions from carbides according to claim 1, wherein the reaction takes place under an environment that is void or substantially void of oxygen andor moisture.
28. A method of producing pure elemental allotropes of carbon according to claim 12, wherein the reaction takes place under an environment that is void or substantially void of oxygen andor moisture.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having computer usable program code programmed to perform handling of a LET binding during an XML pivot join procedure, the computer program product having operations comprising:
receiving an Xquery \u201cFOR, LET, WHERE, ORDER BY, and RETURN\u201d (\u201cFLWOR\u201d) expression for identifying at least one XML document that matches the XQuery FLWOR expression;
identifying a LET binding of the XQuery FLWOR expression, wherein the LET binding comprises a context step in a WHERE clause within the XQuery FLWOR expression;
identifying at least one logical expression within the WHERE clause, the at least one logical expression comprising next expression steps separated by logical operators;
incorporating a replication of the LET binding with each next expression step within the WHERE clause to provide an XPath predicate;
replicating a query tree of the XML pivot join procedure staffing with the LET binding and combining the query tree with a paths tree to form a match graph, the query tree comprising each replication of the LET binding, the match graph indicating each replication of the LET bindings within the query tree; and
rewriting, based at least in part on the match graph, the XQuery FLWOR expression into an XPath query using the FOR binding of the XQuery FLWOR expression as a context step followed by the XPath predicate.
2. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein rewriting the XQuery FLWOR expression further comprises incorporating a replication of a predicate of the LET binding with each replicated LET binding to provide the XPath predicate.
3. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein rewriting the XQuery FLWOR expression further comprises replicating the query tree by replicating the LET binding for every next step of the WHERE clause.
4. An apparatus for handling a LET binding during an XML pivot join, the apparatus comprising:
an identification module stored on a memory and executed by a processor, the identification module configured to receive an XQuery \u201cFOR, LET, WHERE, ORDER BY, and RETURN\u201d (\u201cFLWOR\u201d) expression for identifying at least one XML document that matches the XQuery FLWOR expression;
the identification module further configured to identify a LET binding of the XQuery FLWOR expression, wherein the LET binding comprises a context step in a WHERE clause within the XQuery FLWOR expression;
the identification module further configured to identify at least one logical expression within the WHERE clause, the at least one logical expression comprising next expression steps separated by logical operators;
an incorporation module configured to incorporate a replication of the LET binding with each next expression step within the WHERE clause to provide an XPath predicate;
a rewrite module configured to replicate a query tree of the XML pivot join procedure starting with the LET binding and combining the query tree with a paths tree to form a match graph, wherein replicating the query tree comprises replicating the LET binding for every next step of the WHERE clause, the query tree comprising each replication of the LET binding such that each replication of the LET binding comprises a single child in the query tree, the match graph indicating each replication of the LET bindings within the query tree; and
the rewrite module further configured to rewrite, based at least in part on the match graph, the XQuery FLWOR expression into an XPath query using the FOR binding of the XQuery FLWOR expression as a context step followed by the XPath predicate.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the incorporation module is further configured to incorporate a replication of a predicate of the LET binding with each replicated LET binding to provide the XPath predicate.