1. A Transmission Parameter Signaling (TPS) decoder, for a Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) television system, comprising:
an input signal estimator, for receiving a plurality of frequency-domain input signals and a plurality of channel measure signals to produce a plurality of estimated input signals, wherein the frequency-domain input signals correspond to TPS signals from a frame;
a masking device, connected to the input signal estimator, for performing a masking operation on the estimated input signals to produce a plurality of masking signals;
a vector index determinator, connected to the masking device, for determining a vector index corresponding to the frequency-domain input signals according to the masking signals; and
a lookup table device connected to the vector index determinator for producing a codeword according to the vector index.
2. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the estimated input signals produced by the input signal estimator are expressed as:
EST
q
,
m
=
\u2211
l
=
2
\ue89e
d
l
q
\ue89e
\u2211
k
\ue89e
b
k
\xb7
Re
\ue89e
{
y
l
,
k
m
\xb7
(
H
^
l
,
k
)
*
}
,
where ESTq,m indicates the estimated input signals, yl,km indicates the frequency domain input signals, \u0124l,k indicates the channel measure signals, bk=a1m, and
d
l
q
=
\u220f
i
=
2
l
\ue89e
\ue89e
a
i
q
in which akq indicates vector parts corresponding to the frequency domain input signals in transmission, and q=20, . . . , 267.
3. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the masking signals produced by performing the masking operation are expressed as:
Zq,m=Mq\xb7ESTq,m,
where Zq,m indicates the masking signals, Mq=1 when a vector corresponding to the frequency domain input signals in transmission is an active TPS vector set, and Mq=0 when the vector corresponding to the frequency domain input signals in transmission is not the active TPS vector set.
4. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vector index determinator comprises:
a maximum absolute determinator, connected to the masking device, for determining a maximum absolute of the masking signals according to the masking signals; and
a maximum associated index determinator, for determining a vector index corresponding to the maximum absolute of the masking signals.
5. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 4, wherein the maximum absolute produced by the maximum absolute determinator is expressed as:
Z
m
Max
\u2261
Max
S
(
q
)
\u2208
S
a
\ue89e
\uf603
Z
q
,
m
\uf604
,
where Zq,m indicates the masking signals, Sa indicates an active TPS vector set, S(q) indicates the vector corresponding to the frequency domain input signals in transmission, and ZmMax indicates the maximum absolute of the masking signals.
6. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vector index produced by the maximum associated index determinator is expressed as:
m
^
\u2261
arg
q
\ue8a0
(
Z
m
Max
)
=
arg
q
\ue8a0
(
Max
S
(
q
)
\u2208
S
a
\ue89e
\uf603
Z
q
,
m
\uf604
)
,
where {circumflex over (m)} indicates the vector index.
7. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the input signal estimator comprises a plurality of subcarrier input signal estimators, and each subcarrier input signal estimator includes:
a complex conjugate generator, for receiving the channel measure signals \u0124l,k and producing a plurality of complex conjugate channel measure signals \u0124l,k*;
a first multiplier, for performing multiplication of the frequency domain input signals yl,km and the complex conjugate channel measure signals \u0124l,k* to produce a first multiplication signal yl.km\xb7\u0124l,k*;
a real number extractor, connected to the first multiplier, for extracting a real part from the first multiplication signal yl.km\xb7\u0124l,k* to produce a real number signal signal Re {yl.km\xb7\u0124l,k*};
a second multiplier, connected to the real number extractor, for performing multiplication of the real number signal Re {yl.km\xb7\u0124l,k*} and bk to produce a second multiplication signal bk\xb7Re {yl.km\xb7\u0124l,k*};
a first accumulator, connected to the second multiplier, for accumulating the second multiplication signal bk\xb7Re {yl.km\xb7\u0124l,k*} to produce a first accumulation signal
\u2211
k
\ue89e
b
k
\xb7
Re
\ue89e
{
y
l
.
k
m
\xb7
H
^
l
,
k
*
}
;
a third multiplier, connected to the first accumulator, for performing multiplication of the first accumulation signal
\u2211
k
\ue89e
b
k
\xb7
Re
\ue89e
{
y
l
.
k
m
\xb7
H
^
l
,
k
*
}
and dlq to thereby produce a third multiplication signal
d
l
q
\xb7
\u2211
k
\ue89e
b
k
\xb7
Re
\ue89e
{
y
l
.
k
m
\xb7
H
^
l
,
k
*
}
;
and
a second accumulator, connected to the third multiplier, for accumulating the third multiplication signal
d
l
q
\xb7
\u2211
k
\ue89e
b
k
\xb7
Re
\ue89e
{
y
l
.
k
m
\xb7
H
^
l
,
k
*
}
to produce the estimated input signals.
8. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a voting determinator connected to the lookup table device, for depending on a plurality of codewords outputted by the lookup table device to select a codeword with the maximum probability as an output.
9. The TPS decoder as claimed in claim 1, further applied to a receiver of DVB-T television system, the receiver comprising:
an antenna for receiving a radio signal;
a radio frequency (RF) front end, connected to the antenna, for down-converting the radio signal centered at a radio frequency to baseband so as to produce a baseband signal;
an analog to digital converter, connected to the RF front end, for performing an analog to digital conversion on the baseband signal to produce an in-phase part and a quadrature-phase part;
a pre-synchronizer, connected to the analog to digital converter, for compensating an output signal of the analog to digital converter;
a filter, connected to the pre-synchronizer, for filtering off outband noises so as to produce a filtering signal;
a synchronizer, connected to the filter, for depending on the filtering signal to perform a synchronization required for the receiver;
a channel estimator, connected to the filter, for performing a channel measurement on a transmission channel to produce a channel measure signal;
a frame body processor, connected to the filter and the channel estimator, for performing a frame body processing based on the channel measure signal produced by the channel estimator, and using the synchronization to find a best timing position on a frame body and to eliminate an interference caused by a frame header; and
a fast Fourier transform (FFT) device, connected to the frame body processor, for performing a fast Fourier transformation on an output signal of the frame body processor to produce a plurality of frequency-domain input signals;
wherein the TPS decoder connected to the FFT device and the channel estimator, for producing a TPS vector based on the frequency-domain input signals.
10. The receiver as claimed in claim 9, wherein the pre-synchronizer comprises a digital mixer for performing a frequency offset compensation and an interpolator connected to the digital mixer for performing timing offset compensation.
11. The receiver as claimed in claim 10, wherein the TPS decoder performs a n-stage decoding in which a k-th stage performs a decoding on ek TPS bits, where
\u2211
k
=
1
n
\ue89e
e
k
=
67.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A reproduction apparatus for reproducing video data andor audio data from a medium dedicated to reproduction or a recordable medium having video data andor audio data recorded thereon, the video data andor audio data being generated by superimposing information concerning an attribute of a video signal andor an audio signal on a signal of digitized video data andor a signal of digitized audio data, the reproduction apparatus comprising:
a reproducing circuit which reproduces the information concerning an attribute superimposed on the video data andor audio data from the medium;
an identifying circuit which identifies a type of the medium as a medium dedicated to reproduction; and
a stopping circuit which stops reproduction in response to a determination that the medium is illegally produced, the determination being based on a combination of the information concerning an attribute reproduced by the reproducing circuit and the type of the medium identified by the identifying circuit as the medium dedicated to reproduction.
2. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information concerning an attribute of a video signal andor an audio signal is superimposed on the digitized video signal andor audio signal by digital watermarking.
3. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the type of the medium is used to identify whether the medium is a copied medium dedicated to reproduction or not.
4. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the superimposed information concerning an attribute of a video signal andor an audio signal causes the quality of the reproduced video signal andor audio signal to deteriorate if the superimposed information is altered.
5. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the information concerning an attribute of a video signal andor an audio signal is information concerning consent of copying.
6. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the illegally produced medium is a duplicated medium dedicated to reproduction.
7. A reproduction method for reproducing video data andor audio data from a medium dedicated to reproduction or a recordable medium having video data andor audio data recorded thereon, the video data andor audio data being generated by superimposing information concerning an attribute of a video signal andor an audio signal on a signal of digitized video data andor a signal of digitized audio data, comprising the steps of:
reproducing the information concerning an attribute superimposed on the video data andor audio data from the medium;
identifying a type of the medium as a medium dedicated to reproduction; and
stopping reproduction in response to a determination that the medium is illegally produced, the determination being based on a combination of the information concerning an attribute reproduced by the reproducing step and the type of the medium identified by the identifying step as a medium dedicated to reproduction.
8. A reproduction method according to claim 7, wherein the information concerning an attribute of a video signal andor an audio signal is superimposed on the digitized video signal andor audio signal by digital watermarking.