1. A method for fractionating particles comprising:
providing a fluid having particles therein;
applying acoustic radiation pressure to the fluid;
focusing the particles within the fluid into a single file line;
moving the particles in a flow rate;
applying acoustic radiation pressure to the fluid for a second time;
focusing the particles based on size and acoustic contrast;
producing at least two fluid fractions of the particles; and
collecting at least one of the fractions.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising adjusting the flow rate andor the first or second acoustic radiation pressure such that particles with different physical properties are diverted to different fluid fractions.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the particles are focused into the single file line using an acoustic standing wave field.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the acoustic standing wave field is generated using radial a focusing device.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid is drawn away from the sample prior to acoustic fractionation in order to steer the particles to a different part of the acoustic fractionating field.
6. Particles useful in flow cytometry having been acoustically separated by size using the method of claim 1 and having an improved coefficient of variation after acoustic separation as compared to the starting population.
7. The particles of claim 6 wherein the coefficient of variation is improved by >40%.
8. The particles of claim 6 wherein the coefficient of variation is improved by >80%.
9. A method for quantifying the amount of analyte bound to a particle in an acoustic particle analyzer comprising:
binding a particle having a known amount of a calibration dye and the particle having a specificity for an analyte to the analyte having a lifetime related signal to form an analyte-particle complex;
passing the analyte-particle complex through an interrogation zone through which a light from a light source is passed;
measuring the signal related to the binding event in the interrogation zone;
measuring an overlapping signal from the calibration dye; and
calculating the amount of analyte present by comparing the analyte related signal to the calibration dye signal.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the interrogation light source is a pulsed laser.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the analyte having the short lifetime related signal comprises a ligand with a label associated therewith wherein the ligand binds with specificity to the analyte such that the particle and analyte and labeled ligand form a complex.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein the calibration dye has a long lifetime and the lifetime related signal of the analyte is a short lifetime signal.
13. The method of claim 9 wherein the calibration dye has a short lifetime and the lifetime related signal of the analyte is a long lifetime signal.
14. A method for identifying and quantifying multiple analytes using coded beads from a pooled population of beads and fluorescence lifetime in a particle analyzer comprising:
pooling an array of particle subsets, each subset having a predetermined amount of at least one short lifetime fluorescent label and at least one long lifetime fluorescent label and a reactant specific for an analyte;
exposing the array of particles to a sample such that the analytes within the sample form an analyte-particle complex;
passing the array of particles through an interrogation light source;
determining the identity of each particle based on its lifetime curve; and
determining the presence, quantity and identity of the analyte bound to the particle based on data specific to the formation of the analyte-particle complex.
15. The method of claim 14 further comprising:
reacting at least one additional reagent to the sample prior to passing the array of particles through the interrogation light source; and
indicating the presence of the particle-analyte complex.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein the particle analyzer is an acoustic cytometer
17. The method of claim 14 further comprising measuring the lifetime curve of each particle using a single optical detector.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein the particle array comprises an additional fluorescent label that is used as a reference quantification of the analyte.
19. A method for increasing the dynamic range of measurements in an acoustic particle analyzer comprising:
passing particles capable of scattering or emitting an optical signal through an interrogation site;
interrogating each particle with an intensity modulated excitation light source for producing the optical signal comprising scatter and emissions from the particles;
collecting the optical signal;
quantifying the strongest scatter and emissions signals from a low excitation level produced by the intensity modulated excitation light source; and
quantifying the weakest scatter and emissions signals from a high excitation level produced by the intensity modulated excitation light source.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein the particle analyzer is an acoustic cytometer.
21. The method of claim 19 wherein the modulated excitation light source is pulsed.
22. A method for increasing dynamic range measurement of a fluorescent bead having at least two fluorescent color labels in known quantities in a particle analyzer comprising:
passing a particle through an interrogation site;
simultaneously measuring a first signal of a first detector sensitive to one wavelength band of light and a second signal of a second detector sensitive to a different wavelength band of light; and
determining the ratio of each label to the other label based on the ratio signal rise time in the first detector relative to the second detector.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein the particle analyzer is an acoustic cytometer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A rotary camera assembly comprising:
a camera supporting member installed at a side of a mobile communication device;
a camera rotatably installed in the camera supporting member; and
a camera rotation angle maintaining device to maintain a rotation angle of the camera.
2. The rotary camera assembly of claim 1, wherein the camera rotation angle maintaining device includes:
a rotation boss formed substantially at a center of a lateral surface of the camera;
a rack portion formed at a side of a lateral surface of the camera supporting member; and
a belt to connect the rotation boss and the rack portion.
3. The rotary camera assembly of claim 2, wherein the rotation boss includes a belt inserting groove formed at an outer circumferential surface of the rotation boss, the rack portion includes another belt inserting groove formed at an outer circumferential surface of the rack portion, and the belt is fitted into the belt inserting grooves of the rotation boss and the rack portion.
4. The rotary camera assembly of claim 3, wherein the belt inserting grooves and the belt each include a sectional surface having a V shape.
5. The rotary camera assembly of claim 3, wherein a surface of the belt inserting groove of the rack portion is coated with an oil-less lubrication.
6. The rotary camera assembly of claim 2, wherein the rack portion comprises a roll type.
7. The rotary camera assembly of claim 1, wherein the camera rotation angle maintaining device comprises:
an opening portion formed at the camera supporting member; and
a pressurizing roller rotatably axially installed at the opening portion to be pressurized against an outer circumferential surface of the camera.
8. The rotary camera assembly of claim 7, wherein the camera includes a plurality of serrations formed at an outer circumferential surface of the camera.
9. The rotary camera assembly of claim 8, wherein the serrations are uniformly formed in a longitudinal direction of the camera.
10. The rotary camera assembly of claim 8, wherein the pressurizing roller is formed of a rubber material.
11. A mobile communication device comprising:
a camera supporting device to support a camera; and
a camera maintaining device to maintain a rotational angle of the camera relative to the camera supporting device.
12. The mobile communication device of claim 11, wherein the camera maintaining device includes:
a rotation boss at a surface of the camera;
a rack portion formed at a side of the camera supporting device; and
a belt coupled to the rotation boss and the rack portion.
13. The mobile communication device of claim 12, wherein the rotation boss includes a belt inserting groove formed at an outer circumferential surface, the rack portion includes another belt inserting groove formed at an outer circumferential surface of the rack portion, and the belt is fitted into the belt inserting grooves of the rotation boss and the rack portion.
14. The mobile communication device of claim 13, wherein the belt inserting grooves and the belt each include a sectional surface having a V shape.
15. The mobile communication device of claim 13, wherein a surface of the belt inserting groove of the rack portion is coated with an oil-less lubrication.
16. The mobile communication device of claim 11, wherein the camera maintaining device comprises a pressurizing roller at an opening portion of the camera supporting device, the pressurizing roller to be pressurized against an outer surface of the camera.
17. The mobile communication device of claim 16, wherein the camera includes a plurality of serrations formed at the outer surface of the camera.
18. The mobile communication device of claim 17, wherein the serrations are uniformly formed in a longitudinal direction of the camera.
19. A mobile communication device comprising:
a first body;
a second body; and
a hinge portion coupling the first body and the second body, the hinge portion including a camera and a device to maintain a rotational angle of the camera.
20. The mobile communication device of claim 19, further comprising a camera support device to support the camera.
21. The mobile communication device of claim 20, wherein the device includes:
a rotation boss at a surface of the camera;
a rack portion formed at a side of the camera supporting device; and
a belt.
22. The mobile communication device of claim 20, wherein the device comprises a pressurizing roller at an opening portion of the camera supporting device, the pressurizing roller to be pressurized against a surface of the camera.