Author: claimsbot

1. A vacuum degreasing and cleaning apparatus, comprising:
a cleaning chamber having an injector and a sprayer that eject a solvent to an object to be cleaned;
a plurality of storage tanks that store the solvent;
a distiller that distills the solvent in the storage tanks; and
a replenisher tank that stores the solvent distilled by the distiller, wherein a heating means is provided in the inside of the sprayer in a nesting way.
2. The vacuum degreasing and cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the injector comprises a first injector that injects the solvent with a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa, and a second injector that injects the solvent with a pressure of 2 MPa to 5 MPa.
3. The vacuum degreasing and cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of storage tanks comprise first to third storage tanks, and at least one of the storage tanks comprises a heat-retaining means.
4. The vacuum degreasing and cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of volumetric capacities of the plurality of storage tanks is smaller than a volumetric capacity of the cleaning chamber.
5. A vacuum degreasing and cleaning method, using the vacuum degreasing and cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is pressurized and supplied to the inside of the sprayer and is heated to a temperature not lower than a saturation temperature in the cleaning chamber under a reduced pressure, and thereafter, the solvent is sprayed into the cleaning chamber under the reduced pressure.
6. A vacuum degreasing and cleaning method, using the vacuum degreasing and cleaning apparatus according to claim 3, including:
a first step of injecting the solvent sucked up from the first tank to an object to be cleaned from the first or second injector, and thereafter, discharging the solvent to the second tank;
a second step of spraying the solvent sucked up from the third tank to the object to be cleaned from the sprayer, and thereafter, discharging the solvent to the third tank, after the first step;
a third step of injecting the solvent sucked up from the third tank to the object to be cleaned from the first or second injector, and thereafter, discharging the solvent to the third tank, after the second step; and
a fourth step of injecting the solvent sucked up from the replenisher tank to the object to be cleaned from the first or second injector, and thereafter, discharging the solvent to the first tank, after the third step, wherein
the cleaning is performed with the first to fourth steps as one cycle.
7. The vacuum degreasing and cleaning method according to claim 6, wherein after end of the one cycle, the first tank and the third tank are replaced, and then the cleaning of a next cycle is performed.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A zoom lens comprising, in order from an object side thereof,
a first lens group having positive refracting power,
a second lens group having negative refracting power,
a third lens group having positive refracting power, and
a fourth lens group having positive refracting power,

wherein:
zooming is implemented by changing a spacing between the respective lens groups;
said first lens group consists of, in order from the object side,
a negative lens element, and
a positive lens element; and
the following conditions are satisfied:
5.0<ftfw<50.0\u2003\u2003(1)
1.4<Nd1p<1.7\u2003\u2003(2)
where fw is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at a wide-angle end, ft is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at a telephoto end, and Nd1p is the d-line refractive index of the positive lens in said first lens group.
2. The zoom lens according to claim 1, which further satisfies the following conditions:
1.99<Nd1n<2.3\u2003\u2003(4)
13.0<\u03bdd1n<35.0\u2003\u2003(5)
0.02<d1nd1p<0.35\u2003\u2003(6)
where Nd1n is a d-line refractive index of the negative lens in said first lens group, \u03bdd1n is an Abbe constant of the negative lens in said first lens group, d1n is an axial thickness of the negative lens in said first lens group, and d1p is a axial thickness of the positive lens in said first lens group.
3. The zoom lens according to claim 1, which further satisfies the following condition:
15.0<(Rnr+Rnf)(Rnr\u2212Rnf)<\u22121.0\u2003\u2003(7)
where Rnr is a radius of curvature of an image plane side of the negative lens in said first lens group, and Rnf is a radius of curvature of an object side of the negative lens in said first lens group.
4. The zoom lens according to claim 1, which further satisfies the following conditions:
0.20<Nd1n\u2212Nd1p<0.70\u2003\u2003(8)
35<\u03bdd1p\u2212\u03bdd1n<80\u2003\u2003(9)
0.02<d1nd1p<0.35\u2003\u2003(10)
where Nd1n is a d-line refractive index of the negative lens in said first lens group, \u03bdd1n is an Abbe constant of the negative lens in said first lens group, Nd1p is a d-line refractive index of the positive lens in said first lens group, \u03bdd1p is an Abbe constant of the positive lens in said first lens group, d1 is an axial thickness of the negative lens in said first lens group, and d1p is a axial thickness of the positive lens in said first lens group.
5. The zoom lens according to claim 1, which further satisfies the following condition:
0.2<f1ft<1.0\u2003\u2003(10)
where f1 is a focal length of said first lens group, and ft is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at the telephoto end.
6. The zoom lens according to claim 1, which further satisfies the following condition:
\u22120.5<f2ft<\u22120.05\u2003\u2003(11)
where f2 is a focal length of said second lens group, and ft is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at the telephoto end.
7. The zoom lens according to claim 1, which comprises a total of up to nine lenses.
8. An imaging apparatus comprising:
a zoom lens as recited in claim 1, and
an imaging device adapted to convert an image formed through said zoom lens into electric signals.
9. The imaging apparatus according to claim 8, which further satisfies the following condition:
0.5<Imwfw<1.0\u2003\u2003(12)
where Imw is an image height at the wide-angle end, and fw is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at the wide-angle end.
10. The imaging apparatus according to claim 8, which further satisfies the following condition:
5.0<LtImw<17.5\u2003\u2003(13)
where Lt is a total length of the whole zoom lens system at the telephoto end, and Imw is an image height at the wide-angle end.
11. The imaging apparatus according to claim 8, which further comprises an image transformation block wherein electric signals containing distortion from said zoom lens are converted into image signals with distortion corrected by image processing.
12. The imaging apparatus according to claim 11, which further comprises an image transformation block wherein electric signals of an image taken by said zoom lens are converted into image signals with a color shift that results from chromatic aberration of magnification and is corrected by image processing.
13. A zoom lens comprising, in order from an object side thereof,
a first lens group having positive refracting power,
a second lens group having negative refracting power,
a third lens group having positive refracting power, and
a fourth lens group having positive refracting power,

wherein:
zooming is implemented by changing a spacing between the respective lens groups;
said first lens group consists of, in order from the object side,
a negative lens element, and
a positive lens element; and
the following conditions are satisfied:
0.8<((Rpr+Rpf)(Rpr\u2212Rpf)+1)Nd1p<1.4\u2003\u2003(3)
5.0<ftfw<50.0\u2003\u2003(1)
where Rpr is a radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the positive lens in said first lens group, Rpf is a radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the positive lens in said first lens group, Nd1p is the d-line refractive index of the positive lens in the aforesaid first lens group, fw is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at a wide-angle end, and ft is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at a telephoto end.
14. The zoom lens according to claim 13, which further satisfies the following conditions:
1.99<Nd1n<2.3\u2003\u2003(4)
13.0<Vd1n<35.0\u2003\u2003(5)
0.02<d1nd1p<0.35\u2003\u2003(6)
where Nd1n is a d-line refractive index of the negative lens in said first lens group, \u03bdd1n, is an Abbe constant of the negative lens in said first lens group, d1n is an axial thickness of the negative lens in said first lens group, and d1p is a axial thickness of the positive lens in said first lens group.
15. The zoom lens according to claim 13, which further satisfies the following condition:
\u221215.0<(Rnr+Rnf)(Rnr\u2212Rnf)<\u22121.0\u2003\u2003(7)
where Rnr is a radius of curvature of an image plane side of the negative lens in said first lens group, and Rnf is a radius of curvature of an object side of the negative lens in said first lens group.
16. The zoom lens according to claim 13, which further satisfies the following conditions:
0.20<Nd1n\u2212Nd1p<0.70\u2003\u2003(8)
35<\u03bdd1p\u2212\u03bdd1n<80\u2003\u2003(9)
0.02<d1nd1p<0.35\u2003\u2003(10)
where Nd1n is a d-line refractive index of the negative lens in said first lens group, \u03bdd1n is an Abbe constant of the negative lens in said first lens group, Nd1p is a d-line refractive index of the positive lens in said first lens group, \u03bdd1p is an Abbe constant of the positive lens in said first lens group, d1n is an axial thickness of the negative lens in said first lens group, and d1p is a axial thickness of the positive lens in said first lens group.
17. The zoom lens according to claim 13, which further satisfies the following condition:
0.2<f1ft<1.0\u2003\u2003(10)
where f1 is a focal length of said first lens group, and ft is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at the telephoto end.
18. The zoom lens according to claim 13, which further satisfies the following condition:
\u22120.5<f2ft<\u22120.05\u2003\u2003(11)
where f2 is a focal length of said second lens group, and ft is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at the telephoto end.
19. The zoom lens according to claim 13, which further comprises an aperture stop, and wherein upon zooming from the wide-angle end to the telephoto end,
said first lens group moves in such a way as to be positioned more on the object side at the telephoto end than at the wide-angle end,
said second lens group moves,
said third lens group moves in such a way as to be positioned more on the object side at the telephoto end than at the wide-angle end,
said fourth lens group moves, and
said aperture stop moves.
20. The zoom lens according to claim 13, which comprises a total of up to nine lenses.
21. An imaging apparatus comprising:
a zoom lens as recited in claim 13, and
an imaging device adapted to convert an image formed through said zoom lens into electric signals.
22. The imaging apparatus according to claim 21, which further satisfies the following condition:
0.5<Imwfw<1.0\u2003\u2003(12)
where Imw is an image height at the wide-angle end, and fw is a focal length of the whole zoom lens system at the wide-angle end.
23. The imaging apparatus according to claim 21, which further satisfies the following condition:
5.0<LtImw<17.5\u2003\u2003(13)
where Lt is a total length of the whole zoom lens system at the telephoto end, and Imw is an image height at the wide-angle end.
24. The imaging apparatus according to claim 21, which further comprises an image transformation block wherein electric signals containing distortion from said zoom lens are converted into image signals with distortion corrected by image processing.
25. The imaging apparatus according to claim 24, which further comprises an image transformation block wherein electrical signals of an image taken by said zoom lens are converted into image signals with a color shift that results from chromatic aberration of magnification and is corrected by image processing.

1. A receiver comprising:
a first receiving channel comprising:
a saw filter;
an amplifier responsive to the saw filter; and
a frequency converter; and

a second receiving channel comprising:
an amplifier;
a frequency converter; and
a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) operative to detect a blocker signal.
2. The receiver of claim 1 wherein said receiver is disposed in a device comprising a transceiver.
3. The receiver of claim 1 wherein said RSSI is coupled to an input terminal of the amplifier.
4. The receiver of claim 1 further comprising at least one processor operative to combine signals processed through the first and second receiving channels.
5. The receiver of claim 4 wherein said processor is a baseband processor.
6. The receiver of claim 4 wherein said processor assigns a weight to the signal received by the second receiving channel in accordance with a strength of the detected blocker signal.
7. The receiver of claim 4 wherein said RSSI outputs a signal indicating detection of a blocker signal if a difference between a signal value detected by the RSSI and the signal value sensed by the first receiving channel exceeds a predetermined threshold.
8. The receiver of claim 4 wherein said RSSI outputs a signal indicating detection of a blocker signal if an increase in signal value detected by the RSSI does not occur with a corresponding increase in the signal value sensed by the first receiving channel.
9. The receiver of claim 4 wherein said processor assigns a weight of zero to the signal received by the second receiving channel.
10. The receiver of claim 1 further comprising:
a by-pass circuit adapted to provide a conduction path between the amplifier of the second receiving channel and the ground terminal when the RSSI detects a blocker signal.
11. The receiver of claim 10 wherein said circuit includes a transistor having a gate terminal responsive to the RSSI, a first current carrying terminal coupled to an input terminal of the amplifier of the second receiving channel, and a second current carrying terminal coupled to the ground.
12. The receiver of claim 1 wherein said first receiving channel further comprises an RSSI adapted to detect the blocker signal.
13. A method of receiving a signal, the method comprising:
providing a first receiving channel comprising a saw filter, an amplifier responsive to the saw filter, and a frequency converter; and
providing a second receiving channel comprising an amplifier, a frequency converter, and a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), said RSSI operative to detect a blocker signal.
14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
placing the receiver in a device; and
placing a transceiver in the device.
15. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
coupling the RSSI to an input terminal of the amplifier of the second receiving channel.
16. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
combining signals processed through the first and second receiving channels.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein said combining is performed by a baseband processor.
18. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
assigning a weight to the signal received by the second receiving channel in accordance with a strength of the detected blocker signal.
19. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
outputting a signal indicating detection of a blocker signal if a difference between a signal value detected by the RSSI and the signal value sensed by the first receiving channel exceeds a predetermined threshold.
20. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
outputting a signal indicating detection of a blocker signal if an increase in signal value detected by the RSSI does not occur with a corresponding increase in the signal value sensed by the first receiving channel.
21. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
assigning a weight of zero to the signal received by the second receiving channel.
22. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
providing a conduction path between the amplifier of the second receiving channel and a ground terminal when the RSSI detects a blocker signal.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein said conduction path is provided by a transistor having a gate terminal responsive to the RSSI, a first current carrying terminal coupled to an input terminal of the amplifier of the second receiving channel, and a second current carrying terminal coupled to the ground terminal.
24. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
placing an RSSI in the second receiving channel.
25. A transmittingreceiving circuit comprising:
at least one transceiver;
at least a first receiving channel comprising:
a saw filter;
an amplifier; and
a frequency converter;

at least a second receiving channel comprising:
an amplifier;
a frequency converter; and
a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) adapted to detect signals transmitted by the transceiver.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An optical system for wavelength division demultiplexing, comprising:
a mirror including a plurality of angled surfaces that are configured to reflect light transmitted from a multi-core fiber; and
a plurality of filters configured to receive at least a portion of the reflected light, to filter at least one respective wavelength from said portion of the reflected light and to transmit at least one other respective wavelength of said portion to light sensitive elements.
2. The optical system of claim 1, wherein each of the angled surfaces is aligned with and receives light from a different core of said multi-core fiber.
3. The optical system of claim 2, wherein the multi-core fiber has six cores around an axis of the fiber and wherein the mirror is hexagonal and disposed at a center of said fiber.
4. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of filters are spaced apart and disposed around the mirror.
5. The optical system of claim 4, wherein the plurality of filters are concentric discs that are disposed around the mirror.
6. The optical system of claim 1, further comprising:
a reflector configured to direct the reflected light to each of the filters.
7. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the light sensitive elements include a plurality of photodiodes that are aligned with the filters, wherein each given photodiode of the plurality of photodiodes receives the light of the transmitted wavelength from the filter to which the given photodiode is aligned.
8. An optical system for wavelength division multiplexing, comprising:
a coupling mirror including a plurality of angled surfaces, wherein each of the angled surfaces is configured to direct light to a different core of a multi-core fiber; and
a plurality of sets of laser chips, wherein, in each set of the sets of laser chips, each laser chip transmits light at a different wavelength to a light guiding structure.
9. The optical system of claim 8, wherein the multi-core fiber has six cores around an axis of the fiber and wherein the mirror is hexagonal and disposed at a center of said fiber.
10. The optical system of claim 9, wherein the light guiding structure is configured to combine at least a portion of the light transmitted from at least one of the sets of laser chips and direct the combined light to the coupling mirror wherein the light guiding structure further comprises a set of micro-mirrors, wherein each of the micro-mirrors is configured to receive light from one respective laser chip from each set of the sets of laser chips.
11. The optical system of claim 10, wherein the micro-mirrors are spaced apart and disposed around the coupling mirror.
12. The optical system of claim 11, wherein the micro-mirrors are formed as concentric discs that are disposed around the coupling mirror.
13. The optical system of claim 10, wherein the light guiding structure further comprises sets of asymmetric lenses between the set of micro-mirrors and lasers of the sets of laser chips, wherein each of the asymmetric lenses is configured to direct light from one respective laser of the sets of laser chips.
14. The optical system of claim 13, wherein said laser chips are vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) chips.
15. The optical system of claim 10, wherein the light guiding structure further comprises a reflector configured to direct the light transmitted from each laser chip of the sets of laser chips to the coupling mirror.
16. The optical system of claim 10, wherein the light guiding structure, for each set of the sets of laser chips, is configured to amalgamate the light from each laser chip in the set and direct the amalgamated light to the coupling mirror such that each of said surfaces receives the light from a different set of said plurality of sets of laser chips.
17. An optical system for wavelength division multiplexing with a multi-core fiber comprising:
a coupling mirror including a plurality of angled surfaces, wherein each of the angled surfaces is configured to direct light to a different core of the multi-core fiber; and
arrays of laser chips, wherein, in each array of the arrays of laser chips, each laser chip transmits light at a common wavelength to a plurality of waveguides.
18. The optical system of claim 17, wherein the plurality of waveguides is configured to combine at least a portion of the light transmitted from the arrays and direct the combined light to the coupling mirror.
19. The optical system of claim 18, wherein each of said waveguides is optically coupled to a different one of said angled surfaces.
20. The optical system of claim 18, wherein each of said waveguides includes micro-mirrors, wherein each of said micro-mirrors is configured to receive light from a different one of said arrays.