Author: claimsbot

1. A method of obfuscating a code, the method comprising:
performing a first level obfuscating technique on a code to generate a first obfuscated code,
performing a second level obfuscating technique on the first obfuscated code.
2. The method according to claim 1,
wherein one of the obfuscating techniques or both of them isare based on a hardware technique.
3. The method according to claim 2,
wherein the one obfuscating technique is performed by using an address translation unit.
4. The method according to claim 2,
wherein the other one of the obfuscating techniques is based on a software technique.
5. The method according to claim 1,
wherein one of the first level obfuscating technique and of the second level obfuscating technique comprises a mapping step, wherein the mapping is performed between an address space of an execution path and an obfuscated address space for retrieving the obfuscated code from a memory.
6. The method according to claim 5,
wherein the mapping is based on a space filling curve.
7. The method according to claim 1,
wherein one of the first level obfuscating technique and of the second level obfuscating technique comprises a mapping step, wherein the mapping step is based in a parametric mapping function using a secret as a parameter of the mapping function.
8. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the first level obfuscating technique reorders code blocks with a size of a cache line, andor
wherein the second level obfuscating technique is based on a local permutation inside the each code block.
9. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the obfuscated code of the second level obfuscating technique is used as an additional input for the obfuscation of the first level obfuscating technique.
10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising
performing of a third or higher level obfuscating technique.
11. A processing system comprising:
a processor with a cache,
an external memory, and
an address translation unit,
wherein the address translation unit is arranged between the cache and the external memory, and
wherein the processing system is adapted to perform a method according to claim 1.
12. A program element, which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to control or carry out a method according to claim 1.
13. A computer-readable medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to control or carry out a method according to claim 1.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A process for preparing at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with a keto group, at least comprising the stages:
(a1) oxidation of a composition (A), at least comprising one cyclic olefin with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms and at least two C\u2014C double bonds, by means of dinitrogen monoxide to give a composition (A1), at least comprising
the at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with a keto group,
the at least one cyclic olefin with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least two C\u2014C double bonds and
at least one compound with Z\u22121 cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one aldehyde group,

(a2) separating off the at least one cyclic olefin with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least two C\u2014C double bonds from the composition (A1) from stage (a1) in order to obtain a composition (A2), at least comprising
the at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with a keto group and
at least one compound with Z\u22121 cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one aldehyde group, and

(b) distillative treatment of the composition (A2) from step (a2) in order to obtain a composition (B), comprising
the at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with a keto group and
less than 1.0% by weight of the at least one compound with Z\u22121 cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one aldehyde group,

where Z can be 1, 2, 3 or 4.
2. The process according to claim 1, which comprises at least the following stages:
(a1) oxidation of a composition (A), at least comprising one cyclic olefin with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms and at least two C\u2014C double bonds, by means of dinitrogen monoxide to give a composition (A1), at least comprising
the at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with a keto group,
at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least two keto groups,
the at least one cyclic olefin with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least two C\u2014C double bonds and
at least one compound with Z\u22121 cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one aldehyde group,

(a2) separating off the at least one cyclic olefin with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least two C\u2014C double bonds from the composition (A1) from stage (a1) in order to obtain a composition (A2), at least comprising
the at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with a keto group,
at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least two keto groups and
at least one compound with Z\u22121 cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one aldehyde group, and

(b) distillative treatment of the composition (A2) from step (a2) in order to obtain a composition (B), comprising
the at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with a keto group,
less than 0.5% by weight of the at least one cyclic compound with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least two keto groups and
less than 1.0% by weight of the at least one compound with Z\u22121 cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one aldehyde group.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein stage (b) is followed by at least the following stage (c):
(c) hydrogenation of the composition (B) in the presence of at least one catalyst in order to obtain a composition (C).
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein stage (b) is followed by at least the following stage (d):
(d) treatment of the composition (B) with at least one base in order to obtain a composition (D).
5. The process according to claim 4, wherein stage (d) is followed by at least the following stage (c\u2032):
(c\u2032) hydrogenation of the composition (D) in the presence of at least one catalyst in order to obtain a composition (C\u2032).
6. The process according to claim 3, wherein stage (c) or (c\u2032) is followed by at least the stage (e):
(e) purification of the composition (C) from step (c) or (C\u2032) from step (c), at least comprising the steps
(e1) thermal treatment of the composition (C) or (C\u2032) with at least one acid, or at least one catalyst which comprises at least one transition metal,
(e2) further purification by a process selected from the group consisting of distillation, extraction and crystallization.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic olefin is cyclododecatriene.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic olefin is cyclododecatriene which has been prepared by trimerization of butadiene.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one cyclic olefin with Z cycles and 7 to 16 carbon atoms and at least two C\u2014C double bonds is selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene, 1,5-cyclododecadiene, 1,9-cyclohexadecadiene, 1,8-cyclotetradecadiene, 1,6-cyclododecadiene, 1,6,11-cyclopentadecatriene, 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, vinylcyclohexene, norbornadiene, ethylidenenorbornene and mixtures thereof.
10. The process according to claim 4, wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.

1. A method of straightening hair comprising the steps of
(a) applying to the hair an aqueous composition comprising:
(i) 0.1 to 7.9 wt % of the total formulation of a sugar lactone;
ii) cationic surfactant of formula 1:
N(R1)(R2)(R3)(R4)+(X)\u2212\u2003\u2003Formula I
in which R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from (a) an aliphatic group of from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, or (b) an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up to 22 carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion selected from halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulphate, and alkylsulphate; and
(iii) water;
wherein the composition is rinsed from the hair up to 30 minutes after application; and wherein the sugar lactone within the composition is gluconolactone and wherein the weight ratio of glucanolactone to total cationic surfactant is in the range of 1:3 to 10:1.
2. A method according to claim 1 in which the level of sugar lactone is greater than 0.5 wt % of the total composition, and wherein water is present in the composition in an amount of at least 70% by weight of the total composition.
3. A method according to claim 2 in which the level of sugar lactone is from 2 wt % to 6 wt % of the total composition.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein the level of cationic surfactant is from 0.1 wt % to 15 wt % of the total composition.
5. A method according to claim 1 in which the composition further comprises a wax.
6. A method according to claim 5 in which the wax is beeswax, present in an amount of 0.2 to 4% by weight of the composition.
7. A method according to claim 1 in which the composition is rinsed off.
8. A method of straightening hair according to claim 1 in which hair is straightened without mechanical intervention.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A quarter-turn valve comprising:
a valve body having an inlet and an outlet;
a diaphragm arranged in said valve body for movement between a closed and opened position for closing and opening said outlet;
an input shaft for receiving a torsional input load in a closing direction and a torsional input load in an opposite opening direction; and
a cam mounted on said input shaft, said cam transforming said input loads to linear output loads that flex said diaphragm between its closed and opened positions.
2. The valve of claim 1 further comprising a weir, wherein said cam transforms said closing direction torsional input load to a closing direction linear output load that flexes said diaphragm against said weir to close said valve, and transforms said opening direction torsional input load to an opposite opening direction linear output load that flexes said diaphragm away from said weir to open said valve.
3. The valve of claim 1 further comprising a compressor positioned between said cam and said diaphragm, wherein said compressor is slidably connected to said cam, and fixedly connected to said diaphragm.
4. The valve of claim 3, wherein said compressor pushes said diaphragm to close said valve, and pulls said diaphragm to open said valve.
5. The valve of claim 1, wherein said diaphragm is made from a plastic or elastomer material.
6. The valve of claim 1 further comprising a lock plate mounted on said input shaft, said lock plate configured to lock said valve in a closed position when said input shaft is rotated to said closed position, and to lock said valve in an opened position when said input shaft is rotated to said open position.
7. The valve of claim 1, wherein said valve body comprises a mounting flange proximal to said inlet.
8. The valve of claim 1 further comprising a handle attached to an end of said input shaft, said handle adapted to facilitate rotation of said input shaft.
9. The valve of claim 1, wherein said cam comprises:
a plate rotatably mounted on said input shaft, said plate having a slot; and
a bushing sleeve slidably positioned in said slot, said bushing sleeve rotatably mounted on a roller pin connected to said compressor.
10. A quarter-turn valve comprising:
a valve body having an inlet and an outlet;
a diaphragm arranged in said valve body for movement between a closed and opened position for closing and opening said outlet;
an input shaft rotatable between a closing position and an opening position spaced about 90\xb0 from said closing position; and
a cam mounted on said input shaft, said cam flexing said diaphragm to its closed position to close said outlet when said input shaft is rotated to said closing position, and flexing said diaphragm to its opened position to open said valve when said input shaft is rotated to said opening position.
11. The valve of claim 10 further comprising a weir, wherein said cam flexes said diaphragm against said weir to close said valve, and flexes said diaphragm away from said weir to open said valve.
12. The valve of claim 10 further comprising a compressor positioned between said cam and said diaphragm, wherein said compressor is slidably connected to said cam, and fixedly connected to said diaphragm.
13. The valve of claim 12, wherein said compressor pushes said diaphragm to close said valve, and pulls said diaphragm to open said valve.
14. The valve of claim 10, wherein said diaphragm is made from a plastic or elastomer material.
15. The valve of claim 10 further comprising a lock plate mounted on said input shaft, said lock plate configured to lock said valve in a closed position when said input shaft is rotated to said closing position, and to lock said valve in an opened position when said input shaft is rotated to said opening position.
16. The valve of claim 10, wherein said valve body comprises a mounting flange proximal to said inlet.
17. The valve of claim 10 further comprising a handle attached to an end of said input shaft, said handle adapted to facilitate rotation of said input shaft.
18. The valve of claim 10, wherein said cam comprises:
a plate rotatably mounted on said input shaft, said plate having a slot; and
a bushing sleeve slidably positioned in said slot, said bushing sleeve rotatably mounted on a roller pin connected to said compressor.
19. A paint tote system comprising:
a container having an outlet; and
a quarter-turn cam-operated valve connected to said outlet for controlling flow from said container.
20. The paint tote system of claim 19, wherein said valve is mounted on the bottom of said container and includes an input shaft rotatable through 90\xb0, and a flexible diaphragm operatively connected to said input shaft by a cam for movement between a valve open and a valve closed position when said input shaft is rotated from one position to another position spaced 90\xb0 therefrom.