Author: claimsbot

1. A method for image annotation in image guided medical procedures, comprising:
determining, with one or more computing devices, position and orientation of a first medical device;
determining position and orientation of an imaging area based at least on the position and orientation of the first medical device;
causing one or more displays to display a perspective view of an image corresponding to the imaging area within a virtual 3D space based at least on the position and orientation of the first medical device relative to a position of a user;
tracking, with the one or more computing devices, a position of a second medical device; and
causing the one or more displays to display an annotation in the virtual 3D space based at least in part on an intersection of an axis of the second medical device with the imaging area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second medical device comprises at least one of a needle, a stylus, an ultrasound transducer, a cauterizer, a scalpel, and a glove.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein causing the one or more displays to display the annotation comprises causing the one or more displays to display the annotation based at least on the intersection of the at least a portion of the second medical device with the imaging area over time.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the position of the user comprises a predetermined location.
5. A system for image annotation in image-guided medical procedures, comprising:
one or more computing devices in communication with one or more displays, a first medical device, and a second medical device, wherein the one or more computing devices are configured to:
determine position and orientation of the first medical device;
determine position and orientation of an imaging area based at least on the position and orientation of the first medical device;
cause the one or more displays to display a perspective view of an image corresponding to the imaging area within a virtual 3D space based at least on the position and orientation of the first medical device relative to a position of a user;
track a position of the second medical device; and
cause the one or more displays to display an annotation in the virtual 3D space based at least on an intersection of an axis of the second medical device with the imaging area.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the intersection comprises contact between the at least a portion of the second medical device and the one or more displays.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the second medical device comprises at least one of a needle, a stylus, an ultrasound transducer, a cauterizer, or a scalpel.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the second medical device comprises a glove.
9. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more computing devices are further configured to cause the one or more displays to display virtual ink at the intersection of the at least a portion of the second medical device and the perspective view of the imaging area.
10. The system of claim 5, wherein to cause the one or more displays to display the annotation, the one or more computing devices are configured to cause the one or more displays to display the annotation based at least on the intersection of the at least a portion of the second medical device with the imaging area over time.
11. The system of claim 5, wherein to track the position of the second medical device the one or more computing devices are configured to receive input from a touch screen and determine position based on the input from the touch screen.
12. The system of claim 5, wherein to track position of the second medical device the one or more computing devices are configured to receive input from a remote pointer and determine position based on the input from the remote pointer.
13. The system of claim 5, wherein the position of the user comprises a predetermined location.
14. A non-transient computer-readable medium comprising computer-executable instructions, said computer-executable instructions, when executing on one or more computing devices, cause the one or more computing devices to:
determine position and orientation of a first medical device;
determine position and orientation of an imaging area based at least on the position and orientation of the first medical device;
cause one or more displays to display a perspective view of an image corresponding to the imaging area within a virtual 3D space based at least on the position and orientation of the first medical device relative to a position of a user;
track a position of a second medical device; and
cause the one or more displays to display an annotation in the virtual 3D space based at least on an intersection of an axis of the second medical device with the imaging area.
15. The non-transient computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein causing the one or more displays to display the annotation comprises causing the one or more displays to display the annotation based at least on the intersection of the at least a portion of the second medical device with the imaging area over time.
16. The non-transient computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the position of the user comprises a predetermined location.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A releasable connection comprising:
a, a first component having an end and a wall defining a chamber which is open to the end.
b. a second component having a wall and a hole extending through the wall; and
c. a connector assembly comprising a radially expanding member and a bolt, said radially expanding member including a plate having a threaded opening, and a block having a radially expanding section and a channel axially aligned with the threaded opening of the plate, said bolt having a threaded shaft adapted to be inserted through the hole of the second component, and the channel of the block and joined with the threaded opening of the plate, wherein turning the bolt in a first direction draws the plate toward. the wall of the second component and radially expands the radially expanding section. against the wall defining the chamber of the first component thereby joining the first and second components together and turning the bolt in a second direction allows the joined first and second components to be released from each other.
2. The releasable connection of claim 1 wherein the second component has a second hole extending through the wall, and the connector assembly further includes a second bolt, a second threaded opening in the plate and a second channel through the block axially aligned with the second threaded opening of the plate, said second bolt having a threaded shaft adapted to be inserted through the second hole of the second component, and the second channel of the block and joined with the second. threaded opening of the plate.
3. The releasable connection of claim 1 wherein the wall of the first component and the wall of the second component each have an outside wall section defining the width of the component, first and second side wall sections extending in the same direction from opposite edges of the outside wall section defining the depth of the component, and a pair of lips extending toward each other from the first and second wall sections and separated from each other by a gap wider than the depth of the other of the first and second components.
4. The releasable connection of claim 1 wherein the block has a distal end and a proximal flange and the radial expanding section is located between the proximal flange and distal end.
5. The releasable connection of claim 4 wherein the plate is in face-to-face registration with the distal end of the block.
6. The releasable connection of claim 4 wherein the plate is embedded in the block.
7. The releasable connection of claim 1 wherein the radially expanding section of the block comprises a pair of legs.
8. The releasable connection of claim 1 wherein the first component is a horizontal beam and the second component is a vertical post.
9. The releasable connection of claim 1 wherein the vertical post has a plurality of holes and the bolt is passed through a selected one of the plurality of holes.
10. A releasable connection for joining a horizontal beam to a vertical post comprising.
a. a first horizontal beam having an end and a wall defining a chamber which is open to the end;
b. a first vertical post having a wall and a hole extending through the wall; and
c. a first connector assembly comprising a radially expanding member and a bolt, the radially expanding member including a block having a radially expanding section, a plate having a threaded opening and a channel through the block axially aligned with the threaded opening of the plate, said plate and said radially expanding section located within the chamber of the horizontal beam, the bolt having a shaft adapted to pass through the hole of the vertical post and the channel of the block and joined to the threaded opening of the plate, wherein. turning the bolt in a first direction draws the end of the horizontal beam toward the wall of the vertical post and radially expands the radially expanding section against the wall of the horizontal beam thereby frictionally joining the horizontal beam to the vertical post, and wherein turning the bolt in a second direction allows the horizontal beam and vertical post to be separated from each other.
11. The releasable connection. of claim 10 wherein the wall of the horizontal beam and the wall of the vertical post each comprise an outside wall section defining the width, first and second side wall sections extending in the same direction from opposing side edges of the outside wall section defining the depth, and a pair of lips extending toward each other from the first and second wall sections and separated from each other by a gap wider than the depth.
12. The releasable connector of claim 10 wherein the block has a distal end and proximal flange adapted to engage the end of the horizontal beam, wherein the radially expanding section is located between the proximal flange and the distal end, and wherein the radially expanding section is adapted to be expanded into firm contact with the wall defining the chamber of the horizontal beam.
13. The releasable connection of claim 10 wherein the horizontal beam and the vertical post are of the same cross-sectional design.
14. The releasable connection of claim 10 wherein. the horizontal beam has a second end connected to a second vertical post using a second connector assembly identical to the first connector assembly.
15. The releasable connection of claim 14 further comprising a second horizontal beam having a first end connected to the first vertical post using a third connector assembly identical to the first connector assembly and a second end connected to the second vertical post using a fourth connector assembly identical to the first connector assembly.
16. A releasable connection comprising:
a. a first component having an open end and a first wall defining a chamber which is in communication with the open end;
b. a second component having a second wall and a plurality of holes extending through the second wall; and
c. a connector assembly comprising:
(i) a block having a radially expanding section having a first state in which the radially expanding section is adapted to be inserted into and removed from the chamber through the open end and a second radially expanded state in which the radially expanded section firmly engages the first wall of the first component thereby retaining the radially expanding section within the chamber; and
(ii) means adapted to cooperate with the plurality of holes extending through the second wall to couple the second component to the block and to transition the radially expanding section of the block between the first state and the second radially expanding state to firmly and releasably couple the first component and second component together.
17. The releasable connection of claim 16 wherein said means comprises a plurality of bolts each having a threaded shaft adapted to extend through a hole in the second wall of the second component, a bore through the block and the open end of the first component.
18. The releasable connection of claim 17 wherein said means further comprises a plate coupled to the block, said plate having a plurality of threaded bores each adapted to mate with the threaded shaft of one of said plurality of bolts.
19. The releasable connection of claim 18 wherein said block has a distal surface and said plate engages the distal surface of the block.
20. The releasable connection of claim 16 wherein said means comprises two bolt and two nuts.

1-16. (canceled)
17. A GaN-based LED element, comprising:
a semiconductor laminated structure comprising a p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, an n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer arranged on the lower surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer, and a light emitting part comprising a GaN-based semiconductor interposed between the n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer and the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer;
a p-side electrode formed on the upper surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer; and
an n-side electrode electrically connected to the n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer,
wherein the p-side electrode comprises a TCO film and a metal electrode formed on a part of the TCO film,
wherein the upper surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer is at least partially covered by the TCO film,
wherein the upper surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer which is covered with the TCO film has a rough portion and a mirror portion, the mirror portion comprising a first mirror portion,
wherein the metal electrode is arranged above the first mirror portion, and
wherein the rough portion is arranged only in regions other than a region directly under the metal electrode.
18. The LED element of claim 17, wherein a surface of the rough portion comprises an uneven surface in which depressions of a conical, frustum, or dome form are densely arranged.
19. The LED element of claim 17, wherein a surface of the rough portion comprises an uneven surface with convex portions having a mountain-shaped cross section and bottom portions of concave portions having a V-shaped or U-shaped cross section, and has substantially no flat planar portion.
20. The LED element of claim 17, wherein the TCO film is a polycrystalline film.
21. The LED element of claim 17, wherein an insulating film is interposed between the TCO film and the p-type semiconductor layer, and the insulating film blocks a current supply from the TCO film to the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer directly under the metal electrode, and the insulating film is a transparent thin film made of an inorganic material.
22. The LED element of claim 17, wherein the mirror portion comprises a second mirror portion, and the second mirror portion and the rough portion are arranged to form a mixed pattern in regions other than the region directly under the metal electrode on the upper surface of the GaN-based semiconductor covered with the TCO film.
23. The LED element of claim 22, wherein the second mirror portion shows a net pattern in the mixed pattern.
24. The LED element of claim 22, wherein the second mirror portion shows a comb pattern in the mixed pattern.
25. The LED element of claim 22, wherein the second mirror portion shows a branched pattern in the mixed pattern.
26. The LED element of claim 17, wherein the TCO film comprises indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), gallium zinc oxide (GZO), or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO).

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A system for managing a plurality of network connecting appliances comprising: first arm second servers which can be connected to said plurality of network connecting appliances via a network; a first database which is connected to said first server and stores relationship between an identifier of each of said plurality of network connecting appliances and the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; a second database which is connected to said second server and stores configuration data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the configuration data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance; and a third database which is connected to said second server and stores function data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the function data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance, wherein
(a) each of said plurality of network connecting appliances comprises:
first storage means for storing first connection data required for connecting to said first server;
means for automatically sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said first server by using said first connection data stored in said first storage means in response to power being turned on;
means for sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said second server by using a received second connection data when second connection data required for connecting to said second server, which is responsible for the network connecting appliances is received from said first server;
means for automatically configuring the network connecting appliance by using said configuration data when the configuration data is received from said second server; and
means for implementing a virtual function included in said function data as a physical function in the network connecting appliance by using said function data when the function data is received from said second server;
(b) said first server comprises:
means for receiving an identifier from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances;
means for acquiring the second connection data required for connecting to the second server responsible for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said first database; and
means for sending said acquired second connection data to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier, and
(c) said second server comprises:
means for receiving arm identifier from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances;
means fox acquiring configuration data to be provided tot a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said second database;
means for acquiring function data to be provided for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said third database; and
means for sending configuration data acquired from said second database and function data acquired from said third database to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier,
whereby, management of said plurality of network connecting appliances can be implemented.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein said second server further comprises:
a fourth database storing a functional module which can be provided for said plurality of network connecting appliances;
specification updating interface means for updating a specification for defining a service to be implemented in a particular network connecting appliance in said plurality of network connecting appliances; and
specification analyzing means for analyzing an updated new specification by using said specification updating interface means, acquiring all the functional modules for forming said new specification from said fourth database, and updating function data to be provided for the particular network connecting appliance stored in said third database by using the function data formed by the acquired functional modules.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises means for synchronizing function data which is physically implemented in the network connecting appliances and function data stored in said third database as a virtual function as to be provided in the network connecting appliance and physically implemented.
4. The system according to any of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein said second server further comprises;
configuration updating interface means for updating configuration of a particular network connecting appliance in said plurality of network connecting appliances; and
means for reflecting new configuration updated by using said configuration updating interface means to configuration data which is provided for the network connecting appliance stored in said second database.
5. The system according to any of claim 2 to claim 4, further comprising updated data sending means for sending at least one of configuration data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said second database and function data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said third database to said plurality of network connecting appliances in a push type manner at any timing without regard of the presence of access from said plurality of network connecting appliances.
6. The system according to any of claim 1 to claim 5, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises second storage means for storing second connection data which is required for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; and
wherein, if configuration data and function data are sent from said second server and at least a network connecting appliance of said plurality of network connecting appliances is tuned off and then needs to be turned on again, the network connecting appliance which is turned on again can use the second connection data stored in said second storage means without acquiring the second connection data for connecting to the second server which is responsible for the network connecting appliance from said first server again.
7. A method for controlling a system for managing a plurality of network connecting appliances, said system comprising first and second servers which can be connected to said plurality of network connecting appliances via a network; a first database which is connected to said first server and stores relationship between an identifier of each of said plurality of network connecting appliances and the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; a second database which is connected to said second server and stores configuration data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the configuration data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance; and a third database which is connected to said second server and stores function data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the function data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance, wherein said method comprises the steps of:
(1) each of said plurality of network connecting appliances, in response to power being turned on, automatically acquiring first connection data required for connecting to said first server from a first storage means storing said first connection data and sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said first server by using said first connection data:
(2) said first server receiving an identifier from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances;
(3) said first server acquiring second connection data required for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier front said first database;
(4) said first server sending said acquired second connection data to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier;
(5) each of said plurality of network connecting appliances, in response to receiving second connection data required for connecting to said second server responsible for the network connecting appliance from said first server, sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said second server by using the received second connection data;
(6) said second server receiving identifiers from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances,
(7) said second server acquiring configuration data to be provided for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said second database;
(8) said second server acquiring function data to be provided for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said third database
(9) said second server sending configuration data acquired from said second database and function data acquired from said third database to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier; and
(10) the network connecting appliance that has sent said identifier, in response to receiving configuration data and function date from said second server, automatically configuring the network connecting appliance by using said configuration data, and implementing a virtual function included in said function data as a physical function in the network connecting appliance by using said function data.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said second server further comprises a fourth database storing a functional module which can be provided for said plurality of network connecting appliances, and said method further comprises the steps of;
updating a specification for defining a service to be implemented in a particular network connecting appliance in said plurality of network connecting appliances by using specification updating interface; and
analyzing a new specification updated by using said specification updating interface means by using specification analyzing means, acquiring all the functional modules for forming said new specification from said fourth database, and updating function data to be provided for the particular network connecting appliance stored in said third database by using the function data formed by the acquired functional modules.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises a step for synchronizing function data which is physically implemented in the network connecting appliances and function data stored in said third database as a virtual function as to be provided in the network connecting appliance and physically implemented.
10. The method according to any of claim 7 to claim 9, further comprising a step of:
said second server reflecting configuration updated data inputted via configuration updating interface means to configuration data to be provided for the network connecting appliance stored in said second database.
11. The method according to any claim 8 to claim 10, further comprising a step of:
said second server sending at least either of configuration data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said second database and function data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said third database to said plurality of network connecting appliances in a push type aspect at any timing without regard of the presence of access from said plurality of network connecting appliances means.
12. The method according to any of claim 7 to claim 11, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises second storage means for storing second connection data which is required for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; and
wherein, if configuration data and function data are sent from said second server and at least a network connecting appliance of said plurality of network connecting appliances is tuned off and then needs to be turned on again, the network connecting appliance which is turned on again can use the second connection data stored in said second storage means without needing to acquire the second connection data for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance from said first server again.
13. A computer readable storage medium storing a program for having a computer to execute each step included in the method described in any of claim 7 to claim 12.
14. A program for having a computer to execute each step included in the method described in any of claim 7 to claim 12.