Author: claimsbot

1. A method for producing an electrically conductive pattern, the method comprising:
forming an electrically conductive pattern on a substrate; and
blackening a surface of the electrically conductive pattern by immersing the electrically conductive pattern in a halogen solution to oxidize the surface of the electrically conductive pattern.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the forming of the electrically conductive pattern, the substrate is a glass substrate or a film formed of a polymer resin.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the forming of the electrically conductive pattern, the electrically conductive pattern comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, gold, and aluminum.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the forming of the electrically conductive pattern, the electrically conductive pattern is a silver (Ag) electrically conductive pattern which is formed by directly printing conductive paste containing silver (Ag) powder on the substrate.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the forming of the electrically conductive pattern, the electrically conductive pattern is formed by printing the conductive paste on the substrate by any one method selected from the group consisting of an offset printing method, a screen printing method, a gravure printing method, and an inkjet printing method.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the blackening of the surface of the electrically conductive pattern, the halogen solution comprises a halogen element selected from the group consisting of iodine (I2), chlorine (Cl2), bromine (Br2), and fluorine (F2).
7. The method of claim 6, wherein, in the blackening of the surface of the electrically conductive pattern, the halogen solution is manufactured by mixing 1-30 parts by weight of the halogen element and 70-99 parts by weight of water based on 100 parts by weight of the halogen solution.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein, in the blackening of the surface of the electrically conductive pattern, the halogen solution further comprises potassium iodide (KI).
9. The method of claim 8, wherein, in the blackening of the surface of the electrically conductive pattern, the halogen solution is manufactured by mixing 0.5-30 parts by weight of the halogen element, about 0.5-30 parts by weight of the KI, 40-99 parts by weight of water based on 100 parts by weight of the halogen solution.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the blackening of the surface of the electrically conductive pattern, the halogen solution is manufactured by mixing 0.5-30 parts by weight of iodine (I2), 0.5-30 parts by weight of KI, and 40-99 parts by weight of water based on 100 parts by weight of the halogen solution.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein, in the blackening of the surface of the electrically conductive pattern, the electrically conductive pattern is immersed in the halogen solution for 3-300 seconds.
12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
cleaning the electrically conductive pattern blackened during the blackening of the surface of the electrically conductive pattern; and
drying the electrically conductive pattern cleaned during the cleaning of the electrically conductive pattern.
13. An electrically conductive pattern produced by the methods according to claim 1.
14. An optical filter for a display device comprising the electrically conductive pattern according to claim 13.
15. A display device comprising the electrically conductive pattern according to claim 13.
16. A film comprising:
a substrate;
an electrically conductive pattern provided on the substrate; and
a blackened layer formed on a surface of the electrically conductive pattern by immersing the electrically conductive pattern in a halogen solution to oxidize the surface of the electrically conductive pattern.
17. The film of claim 16, wherein the electrically conductive pattern comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, gold, and aluminum.
18. The film of claim 16, wherein the halogen solution comprises a halogen element selected from the group consisting of iodine (I2), chlorine (Cl2), bromine (Br2), and fluorine (F2).
19. The film of claim 18, wherein the halogen solution further comprises potassium iodide (KI).
20. The film of claim 16, wherein the electrically conductive pattern is a silver (Ag) electrically conductive pattern, and the blackened layer is iodide silver (AgI) formed by immersing the silver electrically conductive pattern in the halogen solution containing iodine (I2), KI, and water.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An electrical connector for a plurality of electrical cables comprising:
an electrically conductive body having a plurality of spaced apart cable-receiving passageways for receiving respective electrical cable ends therein, and having at least one respective fastener-receiving passageway intersecting each of the cable-receiving passageways;
an insulating cover on said electrically conductive body and having a respective cable inlet aligned with each of the cable-receiving passageways; and
a respective cable end seal associated with each of the cable inlets and comprising a resilient, tearable body of material including
a first tear stop member comprising a planar portion defining a central opening, and at least one coaxial and coplanar rib extending from said planar portion and spaced from the central opening, and
a second tear stop member coupled to said first annular tear stop member at the central opening and comprising a series of stepped tear stop portions having progressively decreasing diameters.
2. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein said cable end seal further comprises a tubular intermediate portion coupled to said first tear stop member at a periphery thereof.
3. The electrical connector according to claim 2 wherein said cable end seal further comprises a tubular base portion coupled to said tubular intermediate portion.
4. The electrical connector according to claim 3 wherein said cable end seal further comprises an outer tubular portion coupled to said tubular base portion and surrounding in spaced relation said tubular intermediate portion to receive a corresponding cable inlet therebetween.
5. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein said second tear stop member has a closed distal end.
6. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein said second tear stop member has an open distal end.
7. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein said at least one coaxial and coplanar rib comprises a plurality of coaxial and coplanar ribs.
8. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein a wall thickness of said first tear stop member is greater than a wall thickness of said second tear stop member.
9. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein said first and second tear stop members are integrally molded as a monolithic unit.
10. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein said resilient, tearable body material comprises at least one of a silicone material, a thermoplastic elastomeric material, and a rubber material.
11. A cable end seal for an electrical connector comprising an electrically conductive body having a plurality of cable-receiving passageways and an insulating cover thereon, the insulating cover having a respective cable inlet aligned with each cable-receiving passageway, the cable end seal comprising:
a first tear stop member comprising a planar portion defining a central opening, and at least one coaxial and coplanar rib extending from said planar portion and spaced from the central opening; and
a second tear stop member coupled to said first annular tear stop member at the central opening and comprising a series of stepped tear stop portions having progressively decreasing diameters.
12. The cable end seal according to claim 11 further comprising a tubular intermediate portion coupled to said first tear stop member at a periphery thereof.
13. The cable end seal according to claim 12 further comprising a tubular base portion coupled to said tubular intermediate portion.
14. The cable end seal according to claim 13 further comprising an outer tubular portion coupled to said tubular base portion and surrounding in spaced relation said tubular intermediate portion to receive a corresponding cable inlet therebetween.
15. The cable end seal according to claim 11 wherein said second tear stop member has a closed distal end.
16. The cable end seal according to claim 11 wherein said second tear stop member has an open distal end.
17. A method for making an electrical connector for a plurality of electrical cables comprising:
forming an electrically conductive body having a plurality of spaced apart cable-receiving passageways for receiving respective electrical cable ends therein, and having at least one respective fastener-receiving passageway intersecting each of the cable-receiving passageways;
positioning an insulating cover on the electrically conductive body and having a respective cable inlet aligned with each of the cable-receiving passageways; and
forming a respective cable end seal for being associated with each of the cable inlets and comprising
a first tear stop member comprising a planar portion defining a central opening, and at least one coaxial and coplanar rib extending from the planar portion and spaced from the central opening, and
a second tear stop member coupled to the first annular tear stop member at the central opening and comprising a series of stepped tear stop portions having progressively decreasing diameters.
18. The method according to claim 17 wherein the cable end seal further comprises a tubular intermediate portion coupled to the first tear stop member at a periphery thereof.
19. The method according to claim 18 wherein the cable end seal further comprises a tubular base portion coupled to the tubular intermediate portion.
20. The method according to claim 19 wherein the cable end seal further comprises an outer tubular portion coupled to the tubular base portion and surrounding in spaced relation the tubular intermediate portion to receive a corresponding cable inlet therebetween.
21. The method according to claim 17 wherein the second tear stop member has a closed distal end.
22. The method according to claim 17 wherein the second tear stop member has an open distal end.

1. A wavelength division multiplexing transmission system for transmitting wavelength division multiplexing signals comprising: at least one of a demultiplexing module unit and a multiplexing module unit, said demultiplexing module unit further comprises:
a first interleave filter unit demultiplexing said wavelength division multiplexing signal into a signal light of a first channel group, that is one of an even channel group and an odd channel group and a signal light of a second channel group, that is the other thereof, and outputting the demultiplexed signal lights,
wherein a first signal light of which the signal bandwidth is relatively large can be allocated to each channel of said first channel group, and a second signal light of which the signal bandwidth is relatively small is allocated to each channel of said second channel group;
a first demultiplexing unit demultiplexing the signal light of said first channel group from said first interleave filter unit and outputting these signal lights, and
said multiplexing module unit further comprises:
a first multiplexing unit multiplexing a plurality of said first signal lights or said second signal lights that are input, into a signal light of said first channel group and outputting the signal, and
a second interleave filter unit inputting a signal light of said first channel group from said first multiplexing unit, and a signal light where a plurality of said second signal lights are disposed in said second channel group, multiplexing these two input signal lights to generate said wavelength division multiplexed signal, and outputting the multiplexed signal,
wherein the first interleave filter unit includes a first port for outputting a signal light of the first channel group and a second port for outputting a signal light of the second channel group, and
the first and second ports are set such that the bandwidth of a transmission band where light transmits and the bandwidth of a non-transmission band where light does not transmit are different, the transmission band of the first port substantially matches with the signal band of the first signal light and the transmission band of the second port substantially matches with the signal band of the second signal light, and
wherein said first signal light is disposed in each channel constituting said first channel group, and
said first demultiplexing unit further comprises:
a first interleaver demultiplexing the signal lights of said first channel group from said first port of said first interleave filter unit into a signal light of an even channel group constituting said first channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group constituting said first channel group and outputting the signal lights;
a second interleaver demultiplexing the signal light of said even channel group from said first interleaver into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group and outputting the signal lights;
a third interleaver demultiplexing the signal light of said odd channel group from said first interleaver into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group and outputting the signal lights; and
four demultiplexers demultiplexing the signal lights of an even channel group and an odd channel group from said second interleaver and the signal lights of an even channel group and an odd channel group from said third interleaver into signal lights with each wavelength, respectively.
2. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said demultiplexing module unit further comprises a second demultiplexing unit demultiplexing the signal lights of said second channel group from said first interleave filter unit into signal lights with each wavelength and outputting the signal lights.
3. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said multiplexing module unit further comprises a second multiplexing unit for multiplexing a plurality of a said second signal lights that are input, and generating and outputting the signal light in said second channel.
4. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein
said first signal light is disposed in each channel constituting said first channel group, and
said demultiplexing module unit further comprises a variable or fixed dispersion compensator or a variable or fixed dispersion slope compensator between said first port of said first interleave filter unit and said first demultiplexing unit.
5. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said demultiplexing module unit further comprises a variable or fixed dispersion compensator or a variable or fixed dispersion slope compensator between said first interleaver and said second interleaver, and between said first interleaver and said third interleaver, respectively.
6. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein
a first signal light is disposed in one of the even channel group and the odd channel group constituting said first channel group, and a second signal light is disposed in the other thereof, and
said first demultiplexing unit further comprises:
a first interleaver demultiplexing the signal light in said first channel group from the first port of said first interleave filter unit into a signal light of an even channel group of said first channel group and a signal light of said odd channel group of said first channel group;
a second interleaver further demultiplexing the signal light in the channel group in which said first signal light is disposed out of said even channel group or said odd channel group from said first interleaver into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group and outputting the signal lights; and
two demultiplexers demultiplexing the signal lights of an even channel group and an odd channel group from said second interleaver into signal lights with each wavelength, respectively.
7. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 6, wherein said demultiplexing module unit further comprises a demultiplexer demultiplexing signal lights of a channel group where said second signal light is disposed, out of said even channel group or odd channel group from said first interleavers, into signal lights with each wavelength.
8. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 6, wherein said demultiplexing module unit further comprises a variable or fixed dispersion compensator or a variable or fixed dispersion slope compensator between said first interleaver and said second interleaver.
9. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said second interleave filter unit further comprises a first port for inputting a signal light of said first channel group and a second port for inputting a signal light of said second channel group, and
said first port and said second port are set such that the bandwidth of a transmission band where light transmits and the bandwidth of a non-transmission band where light does not transmit are different, the transmission band of said first port substantially matches with the signal band of said first signal light and the transmission band of said second port substantially matches with the signal band of said second signal light.
10. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 9, wherein
said first signal light is disposed in each channel constituting said first channel group, and
said first multiplexing unit further comprises:
a fourth interleaver inputting a signal light of an even channel group constituting said first channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group constituting said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights to generate a signal light in said first channel group and outputting the signal light to said first port of said interleave filter unit;
a fifth interleaver inputting a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group which further constitute the even channel group of said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights to generate a signal light of the even channel group of said first channel group, and outputting the signal light to said fourth interleaver;
a sixth interleaver inputting a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group which further constitute the odd channel group of said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights to generate a signal light of the odd channel group of said first channel group, and outputting the signal light to said fourth interleaver;
two multiplexers multiplexing a plurality of first signal lights and generating signal lights of the even channel group and odd channel group to be input to said fifth interleaver by multiplexing respectively; and
two multiplexers multiplexing a plurality of first signal lights and generating signal lights of the even channel group and odd channel group to be input to said sixth interleaver by multiplexing respectively.
11. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein
a first signal light is disposed in one of the even channel group and odd channel group constituting said first channel group and a second signal light is disposed in the other thereof, and
said first multiplexing unit further comprises:
a fourth interleaver inputting a signal light of said even channel group and a signal light of said odd channel of said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights and generating a signal light of said first channel group, and outputting the signal light to said first port of said first interleave filter unit;
a fifth interleaver inputting a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group which further constitute a channel group where said first signal light is disposed, out of said even channel group and said odd channel group of said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights, and outputting the signal light to said fourth interleaver; and
two multiplexers multiplexing a plurality of the first signal lights and generating signal lights of said even channel group and odd channel group to be input to said fifth interleaver respectively.
12. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 11, wherein said multiplexing module unit further comprises a multiplexer multiplexing a plurality of the second signal lights, generating a signal light of a channel group where said second signal light is disposed, out of said even channel group and odd channel group of said first channel group, and outputting the signal light to said fourth interleaver.
13. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein said demultiplexing module unit further comprises a variable or fixed dispersion compensator or a variable or fixed dispersion slope compensator at the output side of the signal light of said second channel group of said first interleave filter unit.
14. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein
said first interleave filter unit further comprises:
a first port for outputting a signal light of an even channel group of said first channel group;
a second port for outputting a signal light of an odd channel group of said first channel group;
a third port for outputting a signal light of an even channel group of said second channel group; and
a fourth port for outputting a signal light in an odd channel group of said second channel group; and
said first port to fourth port are respectively set such that the bandwidth of the transmission band where light transmits and the non-transmission band where light does not transmit are different, and
the transmission band of said first port substantially matches with the signal band of said first signal light disposed in said even channel group of said first channel group, the transmission band of said second port substantially matches with the signal band of said first signal light disposed in said odd channel group of said first channel group, the transmission band of said third port substantially matches with the signal band of said second signal light disposed in the even channel group of said second channel group, and the transmission band of said fourth port substantially matches with the signal band of said second signal light disposed in the odd channel group of said second channel group.
15. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 14, wherein said demultiplexing module further comprises a variable or fixed dispersion compensator or a variable or fixed dispersion slope compensator connected to said third port and fourth port of said first interleave filter unit respectively.
16. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 14, wherein said first signal is disposed in each channel constituting said first channel group, and said demultiplexing module further comprises a variable or fixed dispersion compensator or a variable or fixed dispersion slope compensator between said first port and said first demultiplexing unit and between said second port and said first demultiplexing unit of said first interleave filter unit respectively.
17. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 14, wherein:
said first signal light is disposed in each channel constituting said first channel group, and
said first demultiplexing unit further comprises:
a first interleaver further demultiplexing the signal light from said first port of said first interleave filter unit into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group, and outputting the signal lights;
a second interleaver further demultiplexing the signal light from said second port of said first interleave filter unit into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group, and outputting the signal lights; and
four demultiplexers demultiplexing the signal lights of the even channel group and odd channel group from said first interleaver and the signal lights of the even channel group and odd channel group from said second interleaver into signal lights with each wavelength respectively.
18. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 14, wherein:
a first signal light is disposed in one of the even channel group and odd channel group of said first channel group, and the second signal light is disposed in the other thereof, and
said first demultiplexing unit further comprises:
a first interleaver further demultiplexing a signal light from a port for outputting the signal light in the channel group where said first signal light is disposed, out of said first port or said second port of said first interleave filter unit, into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group, and outputting the signal lights; and
two demultiplexers demultiplexing the signal lights of said even channel group and said odd channel group from said first interleaver into signal lights with each wavelength respectively.
19. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 18, wherein said first demultiplexing unit further comprises a demultiplexer for demultiplexing a signal light from a port for outputting a signal light of a channel group where said second signal light is disposed, out of said first port or said second port of said first interleave filter unit into signal lights with each wavelength respectively.
20. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 18, wherein said multiplexing module unit further comprises a variable or fixed dispersion compensator or a variable or fixed dispersion slope compensator between said first interleave filter unit and said first interleaver.
21. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein:
said second interleave filter unit further comprises a first port for inputting a signal light of an even channel group of said first channel group, a second port for inputting a signal light of an odd channel group of said first channel group, a third port for inputting a signal light of an even channel group of said second channel group, and a fourth port for inputting a signal light in an odd channel group of said second channel group, and
said first port to fourth port are respectively set such that the bandwidth of the transmission band where light transmits and the non-transmission band where light does not transmit are different, and
the transmission band of said first port substantially matches with the signal band of said first signal light disposed in said even channel group of said first channel group, the transmission band of said second port substantially matches with the signal band of said first signal light disposed in said odd channel group of said first channel group, the transmission band of said third port substantially matches with the signal band of said second signal light disposed in the even channel group of said second channel group, and the transmission band of said fourth port substantially matches with the signal band of said second signal light disposed in the odd channel group of said second channel group.
22. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 21, wherein:
said first signal light is disposed in each channel constituting said first channel group, and
said first multiplexing unit further comprises:
a fourth interleaver inputting a respective signal light of an even channel group and an odd channel group further constituting said even channel group of said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights to generate a signal light of said even channel group of said first channel group, and outputting the signal light to said first port;
a fifth interleaver inputting a respective signal light of an even channel group and an odd channel group further constituting said odd channel group of said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights to generate a signal light of said odd channel group of said first channel group, and outputting the signal light to said second port; and
four multiplexers generating a signal light of an even channel group further constituting said even channel group of said first channel group, a signal light of an odd channel group further constituting said even channel group of said first channel group, a signal light of an even channel group constituting said odd channel group of said first channel group, and a signal light of an odd channel group constituting said odd channel group of said first channel group respectively, by multiplexing a plurality of first signal lights with each wavelength.
23. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 21, further comprising:
a first multiplexer generating a signal light of an even channel group of said second channel group to be input to said third port of said second interleave filter unit by multiplexing a plurality of second signal lights and outputting the signal light to said third port; and
a second multiplexer generating a signal light of an odd channel group of said second channel group to be input to said fourth port of said second interleave filter unit by multiplexing a plurality of second signal lights, and outputting the signal light to said fourth port.
24. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 21, wherein:
a first signal light is disposed in one of an even channel group and odd channel group of said first channel group and a second signal light is disposed in the other thereof, and
said first multiplexing unit further comprises:
a fifth interleaver inputting a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group which further constitute a channel group where said first signal light is disposed, out of said even channel group and said odd channel group of said first channel group, multiplexing both of these signal lights, and outputting the signal light to said second interleave filter unit; and
two multiplexers for multiplexing a plurality of first signal lights and generating signal lights of said even channel group and odd channel group to be input to said fifth interleaver respectively.
25. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 21, wherein:
a first signal light is disposed in one of an even channel group and odd channel group of said first channel group, and a second signal light is disposed in the other thereof, and
said multiplexing module further comprises a multiplexer for generating a signal light of the channel group where said first signal light is disposed, out of said even channel group and said odd channel group of said first channel group by multiplexing a plurality of second signal lights, and outputting the signal light to said second interleave filter unit.
26. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 21, wherein:
said demultiplexing module further comprises two multiplexers generating a signal light of an even channel of said second channel group to be input to said third port of said second interleave filter unit and a signal light of an odd channel group of said second channel group to be input to said fourth port by multiplexing a plurality of second signal lights respectively.
27. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein:
said first signal light has a transmission bandwidth F1, and said second signal light has a transmission bandwidth F2, and each channel of said wavelength division multiplexing signal is arranged with the frequency interval F (F\u2267(F1+F2)2), and
said first interleave filter unit further comprises:
a first interleaver further comprising a first port to which said wavelength division multiplexing signals are input and for filtering and outputting said wavelength division multiplexing signals based on the transmission characteristics where the transmission band and the non-transmission band with the bandwidth 2F are alternately repeated, and second port for filtering and outputting said wavelength division multiplexing signals based on the opposite transmission characteristics from said first port;
a second interleaver further comprising a third port to which the signal lights from said first port are input and for filtering and outputting the signal lights from said first port based on the transmission characteristics where the transmission band and the non-transmission band with the bandwidth 2F are alternately repeated, and a fourth port for filtering and outputting the signal lights from said first port based on the opposite transmission characteristics from said third port; and
a third interleaver further comprising a fifth port to which the signal lights from said second port are input and for filtering and outputting the signal lights from said second port based on the transmission characteristics where the transmission band and the non-transmission band with the bandwidth 2F are alternately repeated, and a sixth port for filtering and outputting the signal lights from said second port based on the opposite transmission characteristics from said fifth port, wherein
the central frequency of the transmission bands of said first, second and third interleavers are shifted from the frequency of each channel of said wavelength division multiplexing signal so that the overlapping portion of the transmission bands of said first and third ports include the signal band of the signal light of the odd channel of said first channel group, the overlapping portion of the transmission bands of said first and fourth ports include the signal band of the signal light of the odd channel group of said second channel group, the overlapping portion of the transmission bands of said second and fifth ports include the signal band of the signal light of the even channel group of said second channel group, and the overlapping portion of the transmission bands of said second and sixth ports include the signal band of the signal light of the even channel group of said first channel group.
28. The wavelength division multiplexing transmission system according to claim 1, wherein:
said first signal light has a transmission bandwidth F1 and said second signal light has a transmission bandwidth F2, and each channel of said wavelength division multiplexing signal is arrayed with the frequency interval F (F\u2267(F1+F2)2), and
said first interleave filter unit further comprises:
a coupler to which said wavelength division multiplexing signals are input and for outputting said wavelength division multiplexing signals from two ports;
a first interleaver further comprising a first port for to which said wavelength division multiplexing signals from said coupler are input and for filtering and outputting said wavelength division multiplexing signals based on the transmission characteristics where the transmission band with the bandwidth F1, of which the center is the central frequency of the signal band of the signal light of an odd channel group or even channel group of said first channel group, is repeated with the period F4, and a second port for filtering and outputting said wavelength division multiplexing signals based on the transmission characteristics where the transmission band with the bandwidth F1, which is shifted by the frequency 2F from the transmission band of said first port, is repeated with the period 4F; and
a second interleaver further comprising a third port to which said wavelength division multiplexing signals from said coupler are input and for filtering and outputting said wavelength division multiplexing signals based on the transmission characteristics where the transmission band with bandwidth F2, of which the center is the central frequency of the signal band of the signal light of an odd channel group or even channel group of said second channel group, is repeated with the period 4F, and a fourth port for filtering and outputting said wavelength division multiplexing signals based on the transmission characteristics where the transmission band with the bandwidth F2, which is shifted by the frequency 2F from the transmission band of said third port, is repeated with the period 4F.
29. A relay node for transmitting wavelength division multiplexing signals comprising:
a demultiplexing module unit and a multiplexing module unit, wherein:
said demultiplexing module unit comprises:
a first interleave filter unit demultiplexing said wavelength division multiplexing signal into a signal light of a first channel group, that is one of an even channel group and an odd channel group and a signal light of a second channel group, that is the other thereof, and outputting the demultiplexed signal lights,
wherein a first signal light of which the signal bandwidth is relatively large can be allocated to each channel of said first channel group, and a second signal light of which the signal bandwidth is relatively small is allocated to each channel of said second channel group;
a first demultiplexing unit demultiplexing the signal light of said first channel group from said first interleave filter unit, and outputting these signals, and said multiplexing module unit comprises:
a first multiplexing unit multiplexing a plurality of said first signal lights or said second signal lights that are input, into a signal light of said first channel group and outputting the signal, and
a second interleave filter unit inputting a signal light of said first channel group from said first multiplexing unit and a signal light where a plurality of said second signal lights are disposed in the said second channel group, multiplexing these two input signal lights to generate said wavelength division multiplexed signal, and outputting the signal,
wherein the first interleave filter unit includes a first port outputting a signal light of the first channel group and a second port outputting a signal light of the second channel group, and
the first and second ports are set such that the bandwidth of a transmission band where light transmits and the bandwidth of a non-transmission band where light does not transmit are different, the transmission band of the first port substantially matches the signal band of the first signal light and the transmission band of the second port substantially matches the signal band of the second signal light, and
wherein said first signal light is disposed in each channel constituting said first channel group, and
said first demultiplexing unit further comprises:
a first interleaver demultiplexing the signal lights of said first channel group from said first port of said first interleave filter unit into a signal light of an even channel group constituting said first channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group constituting said first channel group and outputting the signal lights;
a second interleaver demultiplexing the signal light of said even channel group from said first interleaver into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group and outputting the signal lights;
a third interleaver demultiplexing the signal light of said odd channel group from said first interleaver into a signal light of an even channel group and a signal light of an odd channel group and outputting the signal lights; and
four demultiplexers demultiplexing the signal lights of an even channel group and an odd channel group from said second interleaver and the signal lights of an even channel group and an odd channel group from said third interleaver into signal lights with each wavelength, respectively.
30. The relay node according to claim 29, wherein:
said first demultiplexing unit demultiplexes signal lights of said first channel group into signal lights with each wavelength,
said first multiplexing unit multiplexes signal lights with each wavelength from said first demultiplexing unit, and
at least one adddrop module for adding or dropping a signal light for at least one of the signal lights with each wavelength in said first channel group is further disposed between said first demultiplexing unit and said first multiplexing unit.
31. The relay node according to claim 29, wherein:
said first demultiplexing unit demultiplexes signal lights of said first channel group into signal lights with each wavelength,
said first multiplexing unit multiplexes signal lights with each wavelength from said first demultiplexing unit, and
at least one gain equalizer for performing equalization processing for at least one of the signal lights with each wavelength of said first channel group is further disposed between said first demultiplexing unit and said first multiplexing unit.
32. The relay node according to claim 29, wherein:
said first demultiplexing unit demultiplexes signal lights of said first channel group into signal lights with each wavelength,
said first multiplexing unit multiplexes signal lights with each wavelength from said first demultiplexing unit, and
at least one polarization mode dispersion compensator for performing polarization mode dispersion compensation for at least one of the signal lights with each wavelength of said first channel group is further disposed between said first demultiplexing unit and said first multiplexing unit.
33. The relay node according to claim 29, wherein:
said demultiplexing module unit further comprises a demultiplexer for demultiplexing the signal light of said second channel group from said first interleave filter unit into signal lights with each wavelength, and
said multiplexing module unit further comprises a multiplexer for multiplexing the signal lights with each wavelength from said demultiplexer of said demultiplexing module unit, and outputting the signal light to said second interleave filter unit.
34. The relay node according to claim 33, further comprising at least one adddrop module for adding or dropping a signal light for at least one of the signal lights with each wavelength of said second channel group between said demultiplexer and said multiplexer.
35. The relay node according to claim 33, further comprising at least one gain equalizer for performing equalization processing for at least one of the signal lights with each wavelength of said second channel group between said demultiplexer and said multiplexer.
36. The relay node according to claim 33, further comprising at least one polarization mode dispersion compensator for performing polarization mode dispersion compensation for at least one of the signal lights with each wavelength of said second channel group between said demultiplexer and said multiplexer.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A computer-implemented method performed at least in part by one or more processors executing computer-executable instructions that are stored in memory, the computer-implemented method comprising:
determining an object associated with a previously submitted query;
gathering positive training data and negative training data for the object;
training a multi-instance learning (MIL) model associated with the object to identify a common pattern of the object using the positive training data and the negative training data;
receiving, from a user and after the training of the MIL model, a query that is associated with the object;
generating query results comprising images associated with the object based at least in part on the receiving of the query;
segmenting the images into regions and extracting features from the regions;
comparing the extracted features from the regions to the common pattern of the object from the MIL model to identify images from the query results that include the common pattern of the object;
ranking the images that include the common pattern of the object based at least in part on a quality of each of the regions comprising the common pattern of the object; and
providing the query results comprising the images to the user based at least in part on the ranking of the images.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the quality comprises a calculated size of a region comprising the common pattern.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the quality further comprises a calculated position of a region comprising the common pattern.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the quality further comprises a calculated quantity of regions comprising the common pattern or a calculated time a common pattern is present in a region.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the ranking comprises ranking an image from the query results having a largest calculated region that comprises the common pattern as a highest-ranking image of the query results.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising building a lexicon of objects for which to build respective MIL models, each of the objects in the lexicon being associated with a previously submitted query.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the plurality of objects comprise a plurality of animals, plants, and products.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the gathering of positive training data and negative training data for the object comprises analyzing photos associated with the object at one or more photo-sharing websites.
9. One or more computer-readable storage media, storing computer executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform acts comprising:
receiving, from a user, an image-based query specifying an object;
generating query results comprising images that are associated with the object based at least in part on receiving of the query;
segmenting each of the images into regions;
selecting, as training data, a plurality of pseudo-positive and pseudo-negative samples from the query results; and
training, with use of the training data, a multi-instance learning (MIL) model to identify a common pattern of the object in the regions of the images for providing a re-ranked list of the query results to the user.
10. The computer-readable storage media of claim 9, further comprising:
selecting, from the query results, images comprising the common pattern of the object in the regions;
ranking each of the selected images based at least in part on a quality of each of the regions comprising the common pattern of the object;
re-ranking the query results based at least in part on the ranking of the selected images;
providing the re-ranked query results to the user.
11. The computer-readable storage media of claim 10, wherein the quality comprises a calculated size of a region containing the common pattern, a calculated position of a region containing the common pattern, a calculated quantity of regions comprising the common pattern, or a calculated time a common pattern is present in a region.
12. The computer-readable storage media of claim 11, wherein the ranking comprises ranking an image from the query results having a largest calculated region that comprises the common pattern as a highest-ranking image of the query results.
13. A computing system comprising:
one or more processors;
memory storing computer executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform acts comprising:
receiving, from a user, an image-based query specifying an object;
generating query results comprising images that are associated with the object based at least in part on the receiving of the query;
segmenting each of the images into regions;
selecting, from the query results, images comprising a common pattern of the object in the regions;
ranking each of the selected images based at least in part on a quality of each of the regions containing the common pattern of the object; and
providing a ranked list of the query results to the user based at least in part on the ranking of the selected images.
14. The computing system of claim 13, further comprising training a multi-instance learning (MIL) model to identify the common pattern of the object in the regions of the images.
15. The computing system of claim 14, wherein the object comprises an animal, a plant, or a product.
16. The computing system of claim 14, wherein the MIL model is trained prior to the receiving of the query from the user.
17. The computing system of claim 16, wherein the MIL model is trained with use of positive training data and negative training data generated from analyzing images at one or more photo sharing websites.
18. The computing system of claim 17, wherein the positive training data and the negative training data are generated for each object in a lexicon of object queries.
19. The computing system of claim 14, wherein the MIL model is trained after and at least partly in response to the receiving of the query from the user.
20. The computing system of claim 19, wherein the MIL model is trained with use of a plurality of pseudo-positive and pseudo-negative samples from the query results.