Author: claimsbot

We claim:

1. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit:
a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit;
a measuring unit to measure an output frequency instruction value inputted to the power-conversion unit;
a comparator to compare the measured output frequency instruction value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the current-control unit to control the current output from the power-conversion unit so as to be larger than a current available during ordinary no-load operation upon a determination by the comparator that the measured output frequency instruction value is less than the predetermined value, the current output from the power-conversion unit being independent of a torque output of the motor.
2. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a current instruction value in a d-axis corresponding to a flux axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value inputted to the power-conversion unit;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit to measure an estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the current-control unit to control d-axis current so as to be larger than a current available during an ordinary no-load operation upon a determination by the comparator that one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value is less than the predetermined value.
3. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit:
a current control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a current instruction value in a q-axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value inputted to the power-conversion unit;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit to measure an estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the current-control unit to control q-axis current so as to be larger than a current available during an ordinary no-load operation upon a determination by the comparator that one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value is less than the predetermined value.
4. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a current instruction value in a d-axis corresponding to a flux axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system and a current instruction value in a q-axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit to measure an estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the current control unit to control d-axis current so as to be a first predetermined value greater than a current available during ordinary no-load operation and controlling q-axis current so as to be less than a second predetermined value upon one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value being less than the predetermined value.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the second predetermined value is equal to 0.
6. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with one of a current instruction value in a d-axis corresponding to a flux axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system and a current instruction value in a q-axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit to measure an estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
a calculator to calculate a frequency instruction value using the rotational speed instruction value in place of the estimated rotational speed value upon one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value being less than the predetermined value.
7. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a current instruction value in a d-axis corresponding to a flux axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit to measure an estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the current-control unit to control d-axis current so as to be a predetermined value greater than a current available during ordinary no-load operation and further comprising a calculator to calculate a frequency instruction value using the rotational speed instruction value in place of the estimated rotational speed value upon one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value being less than the predetermined value.
8. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a current instruction value in a q-axis in a rotating-flux coordinate system;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit to measure an estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the current-control unit to control q-axis current so as to be greater than a predetermined value and further comprising a calculator to calculate a frequency instruction value using the rotational speed instruction value in place of the estimated rotational speed value upon one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value being less than the predetermined value.
9. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a voltage-calculation unit to calculate an output voltage reference value for the power-conversion unit based on an output frequency instruction value to the power-conversion unit and a frequency-calculation unit to control a frequency output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value with a predetermined value; and
a current control unit;
wherein the comparator provides a signal to the current-control unit to control d-axis current so as to be at a predetermined value larger than a current available during an ordinary no-load operation upon the measured rotational speed instruction value being less than the predetermined value.
10. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a voltage-compilation unit to calculate an output voltage reference value for the power-conversion unit based on an output frequency instruction value to the power-conversion unit and a frequency-control unit to control a frequency output from
the power-conversion unit in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value with a predetermined value; and
a current control unit;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the current control unit to control q-axis current so as to be larger than a predetermined value upon the measured rotational speed instruction value being less than the predetermined value.
11. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit to control a frequency and voltage output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated slip frequency value calculator to calculate an estimated slip frequency value in accordance with the voltage output from the power-conversion unit;
a slip frequency value calculator to calculate a slip frequency value in accordance with a current output from the power-conversion unit;
an adder to add the calculated estimated slip frequency value to the calculated slip frequency value to produce a resultant sum;
wherein the adder provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control the frequency output of the power-conversion unit in accordance with the resultant sum.
12. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit;
a voltage-calculation unit to calculate an output voltage reference value for the power-conversion unit in accordance with one of a pair of detected d and q-axis current values and a pair of d and q-axis current instruction values and in accordance with an output frequency instruction value to the power-conversion unit and to control a frequency output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated slip frequency value calculator to calculate an estimated slip frequency value in accordance with the voltage output from the power-conversion unit;
a slip frequency value calculator to calculate a slip frequency value in accordance with a current output from the power-conversion unit;
an adder to add the calculated estimated slip frequency value to the calculated slip frequency value to produce a resultant sum;
wherein the adder provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control the frequency output of the power-conversion unit in accordance with the resultant sum.
13. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power conversion unit and a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit and to control a frequency output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with one of a rotational speed instruction value and an estimated rotational speed value;
an estimated slip frequency value calculator to calculate an estimated slip frequency value in accordance with the voltage output from the power-conversion unit;
a slip frequency value calculator to calculate a slip frequency value in accordance with a current output from the power-conversion unit;
an adder to add the calculated estimated slip frequency value to the calculated slip frequency value to produce a resultant sum;
wherein the adder provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control the frequency output of the power-conversion unit in accordance with the resultant sum.
14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein the estimated slip frequency value calculator calculates the estimated slip frequency value in accordance with a ratio of a d-axis induced-electromotive force value to a q-axis induced-electromotive force value.
15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein the estimated slip frequency value calculator calculates the estimated slip frequency value in accordance with one of a d-axis voltage instruction value and a detected d-axis voltage value, and one of a q-axis voltage instruction value and a detected q-axis voltage value.
16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein the estimated slip frequency value calculator calculates the estimated slip frequency value in accordance with a ratio of a q-axis flux value to a d-axis flux value.
17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein the estimated slip frequency value calculator calculates the estimated slip frequency value in accordance with a ratio of a q-axis flux value, obtained in accordance with the value of the frequency output from the power-conversion unit and one of a d-axis voltage instruction value and a detected d-axis voltage value, to a d-axis flux value, obtained in accordance with the value of the frequency output of the power-conversion unit and one of a q-axis voltage instruction value and a detected q-axis voltage value.
18. The apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising:
a d-axis flux value calculator to calculate the d-axis flux value in accordance with a ratio of a value obtained by subtracting a sum of a q-axis resistance voltage-decrease and a q-axis leakage-reactance voltage decrease from one of a q-axis voltage instruction value and a detected q-axis voltage value, to the value of the output frequency; and
a q-axis flux value calculator to calculate the q-axis flux value in accordance with a ratio of a value obtained by subtracting a difference between a d-axis resistance voltage-decrease and a d-axis leakage-reactance voltage-decrease from one of a d-axis voltage instruction value and a detected d-axis voltage value, to the value of the output frequency.
19. The apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising:
a d-axis flux value calculator to calculate the d-axis flux value by integrating a value obtained by subtracting a difference between a d-axis resistance voltage-decrease and a d-axis leakage-reactance voltage-decrease from one of a d-axis voltage instruction value and a detected d-axis voltage value and further subtracting a d-axis induced-electromotive force from a result of the subtraction; and
a q-axis flux value calculator to calculate the q-axis flux value by integrating a value obtained by subtracting a difference between a q-axis resistance voltage-decrease and a q-axis leakage-reactance voltage-decrease from one of a q-axis voltage instruction value and a detected q-axis voltage value and further adding a q-axis induced-electromotive force to a result of the subtraction.
20. The apparatus according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein the slip frequency value calculator calculates the slip frequency value in accordance with a ratio of one of the q-axis current instruction value and the detected q-axis current value to a d-axis flux value.
21. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control an induction motor, the apparatus comprising:
a power-conversion unit to control a frequency and voltage output from the power-conversion unit in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value;
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit so as to be at a predetermined value larger than a current available during an ordinary no-load operation, and to correct the output current in correspondence with a value of a torque output of the motor upon the measured rotational speed instruction value being less than the predetermined value.
22. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control a frequency output from a power-conversion unit for an induction motor in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value using a voltage-calculation unit to calculate an output voltage reference value for the power-conversion unit based on one of a pair of detected d and q-axis current values and a pair of d and q-axis current instruction values and based on a value of the frequency output from the power-conversion unit, the apparatus comprising:
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit so as to be a predetermined value larger than a current available during an ordinary no-load operation, and to correct the output current in correspondence with a value of a torque output of the motor upon the measured rotational speed instruction value being less than the predetermined value.
23. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control a frequency output from a power-conversion unit for an induction motor in accordance with one of a rotational speed instruction value and an estimated rotational speed value using current-control units for controlling current output from the power-conversion unit, the apparatus comprising:
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure a rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit the estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and the measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit so as to be at a predetermined value larger then a current available during an ordinary no-load operation, and to correct the output current in correspondence with a value of a torque output of the motor upon one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and measured estimated rotational speed value being less than the predetermined value.
24. The apparatus according to any one of claims 21-23, further comprising a d-axis current corrector to correct a value of d-axis current in correspondence with the value of the torque output of the motor.
25. The apparatus according to any one of claims 21-23, further comprising a q-axis current corrector to correct a value of q-axis current in correspondence with the value of the torque output of the motor.
26. The apparatus according to any one of claims 21-23, further comprising a means for obtaining the value of the torque output based on one of a pair of d-axis and q-axis voltage instruction values and a pair of detected d-axis and q-axis voltage values and based on one of a pair of d-axis and q-axis current instruction values and a pair of detected d-axis and q-axis current values, the d-axis and q-axis being axes in a rotating-flux coordinate system.
27. The apparatus according to any one of claims 21-23, further comprising a means for obtaining the value of the torque output based on one of a pair of d-axis and q-axis voltage instruction values and a pair of detected d-axis and q-axis voltage values, the d-axis and q-axis flux values being calculated with the value of the frequency output from the power-conversion unit and based on one of a pair of d-axis and q-axis current instruction values and a pair of detected d-axis and q-axis current values in a rotating coordinate system, the d-axis and q-axis being axes in a rotating-flux coordinate system.
28. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control a frequency and current output from a power-conversion unit for an induction motor in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value, the apparatus comprising:
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure the rotational speed instruction value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit so as to be at a predetermined value larger than a current available during an ordinary no-load operation and to correct the value of the current in accordance with a value obtained by adding a calculated estimated slip frequency value based on a value of a voltage output from the power-conversion unit to a calculated slip frequency value based on a value of current output from the power-conversion unit upon the measured rotational speed instruction value being less than the predetermined value.
29. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control a frequency output from a power-conversion unit for an induction motor in accordance with a rotational speed instruction value using a voltage-calculation unit to calculate an output voltage reference value based on one of a pair of d-axis and q-axis current instruction values and a pair of detected d-axis and q-axis values in a rotating-flux coordinate system and based on the value of the frequency output of the power-conversion unit, the apparatus comprising:
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure the rotational speed instruction value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit so as to be at a predetermined value larger than a current available during an ordinary no-load operation and to correct the value of the current in accordance with a value obtained by adding a calculated estimated slip frequency value based on a value of a voltage output from the power-conversion unit to a calculated slip frequency value based on a value of current output from the power-conversion unit upon the measured rotational speed instruction value being less than the predetermined value.
30. A rotational speed-control apparatus to control a frequency output from a power-conversion unit to drive an induction motor in accordance with one of a rotational speed instruction value and an estimated rotational speed value using a current-control unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit, the apparatus comprising:
a rotational speed instruction value measuring unit to measure the rotational speed instruction value;
an estimated rotational speed value measuring unit to measure the estimated rotational speed value;
a comparator to compare the measured rotational speed instruction value and the measured estimated rotational speed value with a predetermined value;
wherein the comparator provides an output to the power-conversion unit to control current output from the power-conversion unit so as to be a predetermined value larger than a current available during ordinary no-load operation upon one of the measured rotational speed instruction value and the measured estimated rotational speed value being less than the predetermined value.
31. The apparatus according to any one of claims 28-30, further comprising a means for correcting a value of the d-axis current in correspondence with a sum of the estimated slip frequency value and the calculated slip frequency value.
32. The apparatus according to any one of claims 28-30, further comprising a means for correcting a value of the q-axis current in correspondence with a sum of the estimated slip frequency value and the calculated slip frequency value.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A machining apparatus comprising:
a distributor configured to generate a movement command for a motor;
a position detector configured to detect a working position of the motor; and
a motor controller configured to control a corresponding motor based on the movement command, with a detection result obtained by the position detector being fedback to the motor controller in order that the detection result obtained by the position detector corresponds to a predetermined working position;
wherein:
during a scanning measurement control, in place of a machining tool, a probe sensor capable of measuring a distance relative to a work is attached;
during the scanning measurement control, input of the movement command to the motor controller is interrupted, and a measurement result obtained by the probe sensor is fedback to the motor controller in order that the measurement result obtained by the probe sensor corresponds to a predetermined distance; and
during the scanning measurement control, information In which the detection result obtained by the position detector and the measurement result obtained by the probe sensor are superimposed on each other, is outputted as information on a shape of the work.
2. The machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the motor is a Y-axis motor;
the position detector is configured to detect a working position of the Y-axis motor;
the motor controller is configured to control the corresponding Y-axis motor based on a movement command for the Y-axis motor, with a detection result obtained by the position detector being fedback to the motor controller in order that the detection result obtained by the position detector corresponds to a predetermined working position; and
during the scanning measurement control, input of the movement command for the Y-axis motor to the motor controller is interrupted, and a measurement result obtained by the probe sensor is fedback to the motor controller in order that the measurement result obtained by the probe sensor corresponds to a predetermined distance.
3. The machining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the scanning measurement control is carried out by continuously moving the probe sensor in an X-axis direction andor a Y-axis direction.
4. The machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the work is a microlens array.
5. The machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the work is a mold for forming a microlens array.
6. The machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the probe sensor includes a measuring mechanism using a He\u2014Ne laser.
7. The machining apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a machining correction unit configured to correct machining data or a machining program, based on the outputted information on the shape of the work.
8. A method of carrying out a scanning measurement control of a work with the use of a machining apparatus comprising a distributor configured to generate a movement command for a motor, a position detector configured to detect a working position of the motor, and a motor controller configured to control a corresponding motor based on the movement command, with a detection result obtained by the position detector being fedback to the motor controller in order that the detection result obtained by the position detector corresponds to a predetermined working position, the method comprising:
attaching, in place of a machining tool, a probe sensor capable of measuring a distance relative to a work;
while interrupting input of the movement command to the motor controller, feedbacking a measurement result obtained by the probe sensor to the motor controller in order that the measurement result obtained by the probe sensor corresponds to a predetermined distance; and
outputting, as information on a shape of the work, information in which the detection result obtained by the position detector and the measurement result obtained by the probe sensor are superimposed on each other.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein
the motor is a Y-axis motor;
the position detector is configured to detect a working position of the Y-axis motor;
the motor controller is configured to control the corresponding Y-axis motor based on a movement command for the Y-axis motor, with a detection result obtained by the position detector being fedback to the motor controller in order that the detection result obtained by the position detector corresponds to a predetermined working position; and
the interrupted input of the movement command to the motor control is a movement command for the Y-axis motor, and the measurement result by the probe sensor is fedback to the motor controller in order that the measurement result by the probe sensor corresponds to a predetermined distance, while a relative movement in an X-axis direction andor a Z-axis direction are continued.

1. A virtualized fusion storage sub-system, at least comprising:
a first server node;
a second server node; and
a common storage pool including at least one hard disk cluster, the first server node and the second server node being allowed to simultaneously access the common storage pool;
wherein the virtualized fusion storage sub-system has an operation system installed thereon, a storage space unit is defined in the operation system, the first server node and the second server node access the at least one hard disk cluster in the common storage pool through the storage space unit so as to synchronize the first server node and the second server node for a storage redundancy configuration, the operation system has a file server and a virtual server arranged therein, the virtual server is correspondingly connected to the file server on a basis of stacking of application programs of the operation system so as to match the virtual server and the file server.
2. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 1, wherein the file server is configured with the first server node and the second server node, and the virtual server is configured with the first server node and the second server node.
3. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 1, wherein the simultaneous access of the first server node and the second server node to the common storage pool is carried out by a dual domain storage technology.
4. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 1, wherein multiple first server nodes and multiple second server nodes are included in the virtualized fusion storage sub-system.
5. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 1, wherein the virtualized fusion storage sub-system is mounted on a server machine.
6. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 1, wherein each of the first server node and the second server node comprises at least one controller, and the at least one controller of the first server node and the at least one controller of the second server node are respectively coupled to the at least one hard disk cluster.
7. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 6, further comprising at least one storage extension module, each controller being connected to the at least one hard disk cluster by way of the at least one storage extension module.
8. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 7, wherein the at least one controller of the first server node and the at least one controller of the second server node are respectively connected to a same hard disk cluster by way of the at least one storage extension module.
9. The virtualized fusion storage sub-system according to claim 8, wherein each storage extension module is connected to the at least one controller of the first server node and the at least one controller of the second server node.
10. A virtualized fusion storage system, comprising:
plurality of virtualized fusion storage sub-systems according to claim 1;
a switch connected to each one of the virtualized fusion storage sub-systems and to a plurality of clients; and
the plural clients for allowing users to access corresponding virtualized fusion storage sub-systems via the plural clients.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A heat exchanger assembly which comprises a casing housing at least one product conduit extending substantially therethrough and with a void surrounding the product conduit receiving in use, heat exchange service fluid, wherein the assembly further comprises a mount extending through the product conduit, said mount being moveable in a reciprocating manner along the product conduit and having a scraping means projecting therefrom towards an inner wall of the product conduit wherein the scraping means comprises a scraping head movably mounted outwardly on an arm characterised in that the scraping head is resiliently biased towards a wall of the product by a resilient biasing means associated with or comprising the arm such that upon reciprocation of the mount within the product conduit, the scraping means will scrape residues from the inner wall of the product conduit.
2. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in claim 1 having a plurality of product conduits extending substantially through the casing and a plurality of mounts, each mount extending through a respective said conduit, the mounts being moveable in a reciprocating manner together by a common reciprocating drive means.
3. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in claim 2 wherein the plurality of mounts is mounted in a base plate that is housed within the casing or an extension of the casing to move with the base plate, the base plate being moved in a reciprocating manner by the reciprocating drive means.
4. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the scraping means comprises a plurality of scrapers arranged at intervals along the or each mount.
5. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4 wherein the scraping means is formed of resilient material.
6. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the product conduit is a tube.
7. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in claim 6, wherein the scraping means have an arcuate radially outer surface.
8. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in claim 4, wherein the scrapers are arranged at different orientations along the length of the mount.
9. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 8 wherein the scraping means project radially from the mount.
10. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in claim 9, wherein the scrapers are arranged in groups of two or three scrape at intervals along the length of the mount with each member of the group at a different respective orientation around the axis of the mount.
11. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any preceding claims wherein the outer surface of the scraping means matches the profile of the product conduit.
12. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the mount comprises a rod that extends through the product conduit.
13. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any preceding claims wherein the fluid conduit extends substantially longitudinally through the casing housing.
14. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the product fluid inlet is provided with a valve to prevent backflow of fluid, whereby the reciprocating drive means pumps the product fluid.
15. A heat exchanger assembly as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the assembly further comprises a controller to control the reciprocation of the mount(s) at predetermined intervals or in response to sensed temperature of the product or service fluid.
16. A beat exchanger assembly which comprises a casing housing at least one product conduit extending substantially therethrough and defining a heat exchanger surface in contact with a heat exchange service fluid space wherein the assembly further comprises a mount extending along the product conduit, said mount being moveable in a reciprocating manner along the product conduit and having a scraping means projecting therefrom towards a wall of the product conduit, characterised in that the scraping means comprises a scraping head moveably mounted on an arm such that it is resiliently biased towards a wall of the product conduit, such that upon reciprocation of the mount along the product conduit, the scraping means will scrape product residues from the wall of the product conduit.
17. A heat exchanger assembly which comprises a casing housing at least one product conduit extending substantially therethrough and with a void surrounding the product conduit receiving, in use, heat exchange service fluid, characterised in that the assembly further comprises a mount extending through the product conduit, said mount being moveable in a reciprocating manner along the product conduit and having a turbulence generating member projecting therefrom, such that upon reciprocation of the mount within the product conduit in use, the member causes turbulence within the product conduit.
18. A heat exchanger as claimed in claim 17, wherein a plurality of turbulence generating members is provided.
19. A heat exchanger as claimed in claim 18, wherein each member is positioned at a different orientation around the axis of the mount.
20. A heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the turbulence generating member has a triangular cross section, wherein each corner of the triangle substantially contacts an inner surface of the product conduit.
21. A heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20, wherein the corners of the triangle are rounded.