Author: claimsbot

1. An apparatus for a base station in a wireless communication system using multiple channels, the apparatus comprising:
an allocator for, when bursts are allocated to an Accessing Terminal (AT) which utilizes a plurality of channels at the same time, allocating the same amount of the bursts to each channel in use;
a generator for, when a map message to be transmitted in a primary channel of the Accessing Terminal is generated, generating the map message which comprises allocation information of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal in the primary channel; and
a transmitter for transmitting the map message in the primary channel of the Accessing Terminal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the allocator allocates the bursts in a manner that the bursts are allocated to the channels in the same amount as indicated by the same allocation information.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the allocator allocates the burst to each channel in a rectangular form, and
the allocation information comprises a start information of the burst and an end information of the burst.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the allocator allocates the burst to each channel in a linear form, and
the allocation information comprises information relating to the number of subchannels of the burst.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the map information comprises at least one of a dummy burst allocation information of a corresponding channel, and the burst allocation information of an Accessing Terminal which has a corresponding channel as the primary channel.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the allocator selects an Accessing Terminal to be assigned the bursts from a plurality of Accessing Terminals, in a descending order of the number of channels in use.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a scanner for confirming one or more channels not used by a licensed system by scanning a band; and
a selector for selecting one or more channels to be used according to the scanning result.
8. An apparatus for an Accessing Terminal (AT) in a wireless communication system using multiple channels, the apparatus comprising:
an analyzer for analyzing a map message received in a primary channel among a plurality of channels in use; and
a controller for locating bursts assigned to the Accessing Terminal in channels in use according to burst allocation information acquired from the map message.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the controller determines locations of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal in the channels in use by equally applying the location of the burst acquired from the allocation information to the channels in use.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the allocation information comprises a start information of the burst and an end information of the burst.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the allocation information comprises information relating to the number of subchannels of the burst.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the map information comprises at least one of a dummy burst allocation information of a corresponding channel, and the burst allocation information of an Accessing Terminal which has a corresponding channel as the primary channel.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the controller calculates a start offset value of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal using the dummy burst allocation information and at least one burst allocation information prior to the allocated bursts, and determines locations of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal using the start offset value and the allocation information of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal.
14. An operating method of a base station in a wireless communication system using multiple channels, the method comprising:
when allocating bursts to an Accessing Terminal (AT) which utilizes a plurality of channels at the same time, allocating the same amount of the bursts to each channel in use;
when generating a map message to be transmitted in a primary channel of the Accessing Terminal, generating the map message which comprises allocation information of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal in the primary channel; and
transmitting the map message in the primary channel of the Accessing Terminal.
15. The operating method of claim 14, wherein allocating the bursts to the channels in use in the same amount comprises:
allocating the bursts in a manner that the bursts are allocated to the channels in the same amount indicated by the same allocation information.
16. The operating method of claim 15, wherein the burst is allocated to each channel in a rectangular form, and
the allocation information comprises a start information of the burst and an end information of the burst.
17. The operating method of claim 15, wherein the burst is allocated to each channel in a linear form, and
the allocation information comprises information relating to the number of subchannels of the burst.
18. The operating method of claim 17, wherein the map information comprises at least one of a dummy burst allocation information of a corresponding channel, and the burst allocation information of an Accessing Terminal which has a corresponding channel as the primary channel.
19. The operating method of claim 14, further comprising:
selecting an Accessing Terminal to be assigned the bursts from a plurality of Accessing Terminals, in a descending order of the number of channels in use.
20. The operating method of claim 14, further comprising:
confirming one or more channels not used by a licensed system by scanning a band; and
selecting one or more channels to be used according to the scanning result.
21. An operating method of an Accessing Terminal (AT) in a wireless communication system using multiple channels, the method comprising:
analyzing a map message received in a primary channel among a plurality of channels in use; and
locating bursts assigned to the Accessing Terminal in channels in use according to burst allocation information acquired from the map message.
22. The operating method of claim 21, wherein locating the bursts assigned to the Accessing Terminal in the channels in use comprises:
locating the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal in the channels in use by equally applying the location of the burst acquired from the allocation information to the channels in use.
23. The operating method of claim 22, wherein the allocation information comprises start information of the burst and end information of the burst.
24. The operating method of claim 22, wherein the allocation information comprises information relating to the number of subchannels of the burst.
25. The operating method of claim 24, wherein the map information comprises at least one of a dummy burst allocation information of a corresponding channel, and the burst allocation information of an Accessing Terminal which has a corresponding channel as the primary channel.
26. The operating method of claim 25, wherein the locating of the bursts comprises:
calculating a start offset value of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal using the dummy burst allocation information and at least one burst allocation information prior to the allocated bursts; and
locating the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal using the start offset value and the allocation information of the bursts allocated to the Accessing Terminal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A switching power supply, comprising:
a transformer;
a switching element that has an input terminal connected to a first primary winding of the transformer and is fed with a first direct-current voltage via the transformer;
an output voltage generation circuit that is connected to a secondary winding of the transformer, and rectifies and smoothes a secondary output voltage of the transformer, whereby a second direct-current voltage smaller than an absolute value of the first direct-current voltage is generated from the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage is outputted;
an output voltage control circuit for stabilizing the output voltage;
a control signal transmission circuit for transmitting a signal of the output voltage control circuit to a primary side;
a control circuit for controlling an operation of the switching element; and
an auxiliary power supply voltage generation circuit that is connected to an auxiliary winding of the transformer, generates a primary output voltage proportionate to the secondary output voltage and rectifies and smoothes the generated primary output voltage, whereby an auxiliary power supply voltage for feeding a power supply voltage to the control circuit is generated and outputted,
said control circuit comprising:
a regulator for generating and feeding a power supply voltage of the control circuit from the first direct-current voltage and the auxiliary power supply voltage;
an oscillation circuit for generating and outputting a switching signal to be applied to the switching element;
a current detection circuit for detecting a current flowing through the switching element and outputting the detected current as an element current detection signal;
a feedback signal control circuit for outputting a signal from the control signal transmission circuit as a feedback signal;
a comparator for comparing the element current detection signal and the feedback signal, and outputting a comparison signal after comparison;
a switching signal control circuit for controlling a current amount and an output of the switching signal based on the comparison signal;
a clamping circuit for fixing a maximum value of the element current detection signal; and
a clamp voltage variable circuit for changing a clamp voltage of the clamp circuit according to a voltage value of the auxiliary power supply voltage,
wherein the clamp voltage variable circuit outputs to the oscillation circuit an oscillation frequency reduction signal for reducing an oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit, when the clamp voltage is lower than a given value.
2. The switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the regulator operates to feed power from the auxiliary power supply voltage to the control circuit, and the regulator feeds power from the first direct-current voltage to the control circuit when the auxiliary power supply voltage is lower than a given value.
3. The switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the clamp voltage variable circuit operates when the auxiliary power supply voltage is equal to or lower than a given value, and the clamp voltage decreases according as the auxiliary power supply voltage lowers.
4. The switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the clamp voltage variable circuit fixes a clamp voltage at a maximum value until the oscillation frequency reduction signal is outputted, and the clamp voltage decreases concurrently with an output of the oscillation frequency reduction signal.
5. The switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the switching element and the control circuit are located on a same semiconductor substrate, and the switching power supply further comprises a semiconductor device comprising six terminals of an input terminal and an output terminal of the switching element, an auxiliary power supply voltage input terminal, a power supply voltage terminal of the control circuit, an input terminal of the feedback signal, and an input terminal of the clamp voltage variable circuit.
6. The switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the clamp voltage variable circuit decreases in clamp voltage according as the auxiliary winding voltage lowers, and a minimum value of the clamp voltage is set at about 10% of a maximum value of the clamp voltage.
7. The switching power supply according to claim 1, wherein the oscillation circuit is reduced in oscillation frequency to about one fifth of a normal oscillation frequency when the oscillation frequency reduction signal is inputted.

1. An optical device for a semiconductor based lamp, the optical device comprising:
a semiconductor based light-emitting device; and
a light-redirecting member having a reflective surface that redirects at least some of the light emitted from the semiconductor-based light-emitting device ambiently, away from the lamp, and into the surrounding environment in divergent lateral and at least partially downward directions, without further reflection;
the light-redirecting member also passing some of the light emitted from the semiconductor-based light-emitting device upwardly into a surrounding environment.
2. The optical device of claim 1, wherein the optical device radiates light broadly and divergently about the optical device into the surrounding environment, including generally upward, lateral, and at least partially downward directions.
3. The optical device of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor-based light-emitting device comprises at least one light-emitting diode.
4. The optical device of claim 1, wherein the reflective surface is approximately conical.
5. The optical device of claim 4, wherein the light-redirecting member comprises an opening, and the approximately conical reflective surface surrounds the opening.
6. The optical device of claim 4, wherein both vertical and horizontal cross-sections of the approximately conical reflective surface are curved.
7. The optical device of claim 6, further comprising a frosted semi-transparent cover enclosing the light-emitting device and light-redirecting member.
8. The optical device of claim 7, further comprising a gap between the semi-transparent cover and an outer edge of the light-redirecting member, the gap passing some of the light emitted from the semiconductor-based light-emitting device upwardly into a surrounding environment.
9. The optical device of claim 4, wherein a vertex angle defined by the approximately conical reflective surface is relatively narrower for a first portion of the light-redirecting member near a base of the light-redirecting member than for a second portion of the light-redirecting member far from the base of the light-redirecting member.
10. The optical device of claim 9, further comprising a frosted semi-transparent cover enclosing the light-emitting device and light-redirecting member.
11. The optical device of claim 10, further comprising a base for mounting or seating the semiconductor-based light emitting device.
12. The optical device of claim 10, further comprising a gap between the semi-transparent cover and an outer edge of the light-redirecting member, the gap passing some of the light emitted from the semiconductor-based light-emitting device upwardly into a surrounding environment.
13. An optical device for a semiconductor based lamp, the optical device comprising:
a semiconductor based light-emitting device; and
a light-redirecting member having a reflective surface that redirects at least some of the light emitted from the semiconductor-based light-emitting device ambiently, away from the lamp, and into the surrounding environment in divergent lateral and at least partially downward directions, without further reflection;
a frosted semi-transparent cover enclosing the light-emitting device and light-redirecting member; and
a gap between the semi-transparent cover and an outer edge of the light-redirecting member, the gap passing some of the light emitted from the semiconductor-based light-emitting device upwardly into a surrounding environment.
14. The optical device of claim 13, wherein the optical device radiates light broadly and divergently about the optical device into the surrounding environment, including generally upward, lateral, and at least partially downward directions.
15. The optical device of claim 13, wherein the semiconductor-based light-emitting device comprises at least one light-emitting diode.
16. The optical device of claim 13, wherein the reflective surface is approximately conical.
17. The optical device of claim 16, wherein the light-redirecting member comprises an opening, and the approximately conical reflective surface surrounds the opening.
18. The optical device of claim 16, wherein both vertical and horizontal cross-sections of the approximately conical reflective surface are curved.
19. The optical device of claim 16, wherein a vertex angle defined by the approximately conical reflective surface is relatively narrower for a first portion of the light-redirecting member near a base of the light-redirecting member than for a second portion of the light-redirecting member far from the base of the light-redirecting member.
20. The optical device of claim 13, further comprising a base for mounting or seating the semiconductor-based light emitting device.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for identifying a biomarker indicative of cervical precancer or cancer in a patient comprising generating an expression profile comprising measuring expression of at least three miRNAs in a cervical sample from a patient suspected of having a pre-cancerous or cancerous cervical condition, wherein expression of hsa-miR-21 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:183, expression of hsa-miR-143 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:123, and expression of hsa-miR-218 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:192,
and identifying the patient as having biomarkers indicative of cervical precancer or cancer after measuring an increase in hsa-miR-21 expression and decreases in hsa-miR-143 and hsa-miR-218 expression compared to an expression profile of a normal cervical sample or a reference sample.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising measuring one or more miRNA that is hsa-miR-1 (SEQ ID NO:87), hsa-miR-224 (SEQ ID NO:199), hsa-miR-15b (SEQ ID NO:139), or hsa-miR-21* (SEQ ID NO:486).
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the patient is identified as having a biomarker indicative of cervical cancer based on measuring a increased expression of hsa-miR-21 in the patient’s sample.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the expression profile shows decreased expression of hsa-miR-1 or increased expression of hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-15b, or hsa-miR-21* in the sample relative to the expression level of normal sample.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein decreased expression of hsa-miR-1 is measured in the sample relative to the normal sample.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sample from the patient is isolated RNA, fresh tissue or cells, frozen tissue or cells, fixed tissue or cells, or embedded tissue or cells.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the cervical precancer is cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the cervical cancer is cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising obtaining the cervical sample from the patient.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising labeling miRNA from the cervical sample.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising hybridizing the labeled miRNA to one or more miRNA probes.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the expression profile of the one or more miRNA involves an amplification assay.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the one or more miRNA is all or part of one or more of hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-15b, hsa-miR-133a, hsa-miR-205, hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-204, hsa-miR-195, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-99a, hsa-miR-368, hsa-miR-183, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-21* or combination thereof.
14. A method for identifying a biomarker indicative of cervical precancer or cancer in a patient comprising:
a) measuring an expression profile of at least three miRNAs that includes has-miR-21 in a cervical sample from a patient suspected of having a pre-cancerous or cancerous cervical condition, wherein hybridization or amplification of miRNA is used to measure the expression profile, wherein expression of hsa-miR-21 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:183, expression of hsa-miR-143 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:123, and expression of hsa-miR-218 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:192, and
b) identifying the patient as having biomarkers indicative of cervical precancer or cancer after measuring an increase in hsa-miR-21 expression and decreases in hsa-miR-143 and hsa-miR-218 expression compared to an expression profile of a normal cervical sample.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the expression profile includes one or more of hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-15b, hsa-miR-133a, hsa-miR-205, hsa-miR-204, hsa-miR-195, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-99a, hsa-miR-368, hsa-miR-183, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-21* or combination thereof.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein measuring the expression profile involves miRNA hybridization or amplification.
17. A method for identifying a biomarker indicative of cervical precancer or cancer in a patient comprising:
a) measuring increased hsa-miR-21 and reduced hsa-miR-143 and hsa-miR-218 expression in a cervical sample from a patient suspected of having a pre-cancerous or cancerous cervical condition compared to an expression profile of a reference cervical sample, wherein expression of hsa-miR-21 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:183, expression of hsa-miR-143 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:123, and expression of hsa-miR-218 is measured using a nucleic acid probe comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical or complementary to each of SEQ ID NO:192; and
b) identifying the patient as having biomarkers indicative of cervical precancer or cancer.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the expression profile includes one or more of hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-15b, hsa-miR-133a, hsa-miR-205, hsa-miR-204, hsa-miR-195, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-99a, hsa-miR-368, hsa-miR-183, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-21* or combination thereof.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein measuring the expression profile involves miRNA amplification.