1. A network access device comprising a communication interface to a network, a computer processor, computer memory and a user interface having a display, the computer memory storing instructions readable and executable by the computer processor to cause the network access device to:
a) display on the display predetermined information communicated from the network to the network access device through the communication interface independently of actions by a user of the network access device;
b) allow user access to the network using any application running on the network access device adapted for that purpose when said information is being displayed on the display and not otherwise.
2. The network access device of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processor to communicate identification information specific to at least one of the network access device and user of the network access device to at least one address in the network.
3. The network access device of claim 2, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processor to receive from a user through the user interface and communicate configuration information to at least one address in the network, the configuration information specifying at least one characteristic that can be used to determine the predetermined information communicated from the network to the network access device.
4. The network access device of claim 3, wherein the at least one address is the same as the address to which the identification information is sent.
5. The network access device of claim 3, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processing means to require a user to use the user interface to enter configuration information before allowing access to the network by one of the network access device generally and by a particular user of that device for the first time, and communicate the configuration information to an address in the network after it has been entered.
6. The network access device of claim 3, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processing means to allow the user to use the user interface to change the configuration information, wherein if the configuration information is changed, the changed configuration information is communicated to the network.
7. The network access device of claim 6, wherein the configuration information comprises interest areas of a user of the network access device.
8. The network access device of claim 6, wherein the configuration information identifies what the user may be interested in purchasing or consuming.
9. The network access device of claim 8, wherein the configuration information comprises a status indicator of the user, the status indicating a type of product or service that the user may be interested in purchasing or consuming due to their status.
10. The network access device of claim 6, wherein the configuration information comprises identification of what loyalty schemes the user subscribes to.
11. The network access device of claim 1, wherein the instructions cause the computer processing means to
c) communicate with a network access point, receive data from the network access point and dependent on one of the data received and whether or not any data of a predetermined type was received, perform one of
i) require the information to be displayed on the display in order to access the network through that network access point and
ii) allow access to the network through that network access point irrespective of whether or not the information is displayed on the display.
12. The network access device of claim 11, wherein the instructions cause the computer processing means to perform step a) and one of steps i) and ii) every time a connection between the network access device and the network is established.
13. The network access device of claim 11, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processing means to communicate with a network access point, receive data from the network access point and communicate that data to a particular network address.
14. The network access device of claim 11, wherein the data received by the network access point comprises geographical location data.
15. The network access device of claim 1, wherein the communication interface is a wireless interface.
16. A computer server having a communication interface for communicating data with a computer network, the computer server operable to receive from the network identification information, configuration information that has associated with it a network address, and geographical information indicating the source of the identification information and configuration information, and send data addressed to the network address, the data defining information to be displayed on a display and selected from a plurality of different options dependent on the geographical information and configuration information, wherein the configuration information comprises at least one of:
a) the interest areas of a user;
b) what the user may be interested in purchasing or consuming; and
c) identification of what loyalty schemes the user subscribes to.
17. A network access node comprising a first data communication interface to a network, a second data communication interface for communicating with at least one network access device that comprises one or more applications allowing a user to receive and send information to and from network, and computer processing means operable to cooperate with the user access device to send to the network information addressed to at least one predetermined address in the network, the information identifying at least one of the network access device and a user of the network access device and the geographical location of the apparatus.
18. A computer network comprising the network access node of claim 17 and at least one network access device in communication with the second data communication interface, wherein the network access device and the network access node cooperate to one of
only allow the network access device to send and receive information using the network access node that through the first data communication interface if predetermined information is sent by the network access node to the network access device and displayed on a display of the network access device, and
only allow the network access device to send and receive second predetermined information using the network access node that through the first data communication interface if predetermined information is sent by the network access node to the network access device and displayed on a display of the network access device.
19. The computer network of claim 18, wherein the second predetermined information comprises data defining instructions to allow the network access device to receive and display on its display the predetermined information.
20. A method of controlling access to a wide area network at specific access points using a terminal, the method comprising:
providing at each access point a server for providing wide area network communication, the server operable to communicate to a terminal that the access point is one of said specific access points;
only allowing access to the wide area network by said terminal using one of said specific access points if a predetermined program is running on the terminal;
wherein the predetermined program causes information to be displayed on the screen of the terminal during network access.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising authenticating a user of the access program before providing network access.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of only allowing access to the wide area network comprises allowing access to the wide area network using a plurality of application programs.
23. The method of claim 20, further comprising identifying the location of connection to the wide area network, and displaying information on the terminal that is dependent on the location information.
24. The method of claim 20, further comprising identifying one of the user of the terminal and the terminal itself and displaying information on the terminal dependent on the step of identifying.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A flip-flop circuit comprising:
a multiplexer configured to receive a first data bit (D1), a scan data bit (SD), a scan enable control signal (SE) and a binary logical compliment signal (SEN) of the scan enable control signal (SE), wherein the scan enable control signals (SE) and (SEN) determine whether the data output (MXO) of the multiplexer is the binary compliment of data bit (D1) or the binary compliment of scan data bit (SD);
a master latch configured to receive the data output (MXO) of the multiplexer, a clock signal (CKT), a binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), a retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET) and a preset signal (PREN), wherein signals (CKT), (CLKZ), (RET), (RETN) and (PREN) determine when the binary logical value of the data output (MXO) is presented on the output (MLO) of the master latch and when the output (MLO) of the master latch is latched in the mater latch;
a transfer gate wherein the transfer gate transfers data from the output (MLO) of the master latch to the output of the transfer gate when the clock signal (CKT) transitions from a low logical value to a logical high value; wherein the transfer gate transfers data from the output (MLO) of the master latch to the output of the transfer gate when signal PREN transitions from an logical one to a logical zero;
a slave latch configured to receive the output of the transfer gate, a second data bit (D2), the clock signal (CKT), the binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), the retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET), a slave control signal (SS) and the binary logical compliment signal (SSN) of the slave control signal (SS) wherein signals (CKT), (CLKZ), (RET), (RETN), (SS) and (SSN) determine whether the output of the transfer gate or the second data bit (D2) is latched in the slave latch;
wherein the output of the transfer gate is (QN).
2. The flip-flop circuit of claim 1, further comprising a first inverter wherein the first inverter receives the output (QN) from the slave latch and the first inverter outputs the binary logical compliment (Q) of the output from the slave latch.
3. The flip-flop circuit of claim 1, further comprising a buffer wherein the buffer receives the output (QN) and the buffer outputs the same logical value of (QN).
4. The flip-flop circuit of claim 1 wherein the multiplexer and the master latch receive power from a first power supply (VDD1); wherein the slave latch receives power form a second power supply (VDD2).
5. The flip-flop of claim 4 wherein the first power supply (VDD1) is turned off and the second power supply (VDD2) is turned on during operation of a retention mode;
wherein power is only supplied to the slave latch.
6. The flip-flop of claim 1 wherein control signals (SS), (SSN), (RET), (RETN) and (PREN) are controlled external to the flip-flop to prevent data contention between the output of the transfer gate and the second data bit (D2).
7. The flip-flop of claim 1 wherein the master latch comprises:
a first clocked inverter, the first clocked inverter having a data input, three control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output (MXO), the first control input is electrically connected to (CKT), the second control input is connected to (CLKZ) and the third control input is connected to (PREN);
a tri-state inverter, the tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the first clocked inverter, the first control input is electrically connected to (RET) and the second control input is connected to (RETN);
a second clocked inverter, the second clocked inverter having a data input, three control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the tri-state inverter, the first control input is electrically connected to (CKT), the second control input is connected to (CLKZ), the third control input is electrically connected to (PREN) and the output of the second clocked inverter is electrically connected to the output of the first clocked inverter and to the input of the a tri-state inverter.
8. The flip-flop of claim 1 wherein the transfer gate comprises:
an NMOS transistor having a gate, drain and source wherein the gate of the NMOS transistor is electrically connected to (CKT);
a PMOS transistor having a gate, drain and source wherein the gate of the PMOS transistor is electrically connected to (CLKZ), the drains of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are electrically connected and the sources of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are electrically connected.
9. The flip-flop of claim 1 wherein the slave latch comprises:
a first tri-state inverter, the first tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the output of the transfer gate, the first control input is electrically connected to (SS), and the second control input is connected to (SSN);
a second tri-state inverter, the second tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the second data bit (D2), the first control input is electrically connected to (SS), and the second control input is connected to (SSN) and the outputs of the first and second tri-state inverter are electrically connected to each other;
a clocked inverter, the clocked inverter having a data input, four control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the first and second tri-state inverters, a first control input is electrically connected to (CKT), a second control input is connected to (CLKZ), a third control input is electrically connected to (RET), a fourth control input is electrically connected to (RETN) and the output of the clocked inverter is electrically connected to the input of the first tri-state inverter.
10. The flip-flop circuit of claim 1, further comprising a second inverter wherein the second inverter receives the clock signal (CKT) and the second inverter outputs the binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT).
11. The flip-flop circuit of claim 1, further comprising a third inverter wherein the third inverter receives the retain control signal (RET) and the third inverter outputs the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET).
12. The flip-flop circuit of claim 1, further comprising a fourth inverter wherein the fourth inverter receives the slave control signal (SS) and the fourth inverter outputs the binary logical compliment signal (SSN) of the slave control signal (SS).
13. The flip-flop circuit of claim 1, further comprising a fifth inverter wherein the fifth inverter receives the scan enable control signal (SE) and the fifth inverter outputs the binary logical compliment signal (SEN) of the scan enable control signal (SS).
14. A flip-flop circuit comprising:
a first inverter configured to receive a data bit (D1) and output a binary logical compliment (D1N) of the data bit (D1);
a master latch configured to receive the binary logical compliment (D1N), a clock signal CKT, a binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), a retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET) and a preset signal (PREN), wherein signals CKT, CLKZ, RET, RETN and PREN determine when the binary logical value of the data bit (D1) is presented on the output (MLO) of the master latch and when the output (MLO) of the master latch is latched in the mater latch;
a transfer gate wherein the transfer gate transfers data from the output (MLO) of the master latch to the output of the transfer gate when the clock signal CKT transitions from a low logical value to a logical high value; wherein the transfer gate transfers data from the output (MLO) of the master latch to the output of the transfer gate when signal PREN transitions from an logical one to a logical zero;
a slave latch configured to receive the output of the transfer gate, a second data bit (D2), the clock signal (CKT), the binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), the retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET), a slave control signal (SS) and the binary logical compliment signal (SSN) of the slave control signal (SS) wherein signals (CKT), (CLKZ), (RET), (RETN), (SS) and (SSN) determine whether the output of the transfer gate or the second data bit (D2) is latched in the slave latch;
wherein the output of the transfer gate is (QN).
15. The flip-flop circuit of claim 14 wherein the first inverter and the master latch receives power from a first power supply (VDD1); wherein the slave latch receives power form a second power supply (VDD2).
16. The flip-flop of claim 14 wherein control signals (SS), (SSN), (RET), (RETN) and (PREN) are controlled external to the flip-flop to prevent data contention between the output of the transfer gate and the second data bit (D2).
17. The flip-flop of claim 14 wherein the master latch comprises:
a first clocked inverter, the first clocked inverter having a data input, three control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output (MXO), the first control input is electrically connected to CKT and the second control input is connected to CLKZ and the third control input is connected to PREN;
a tri-state inverter, the tri-state inverter having a data input, three control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the first clocked inverter, the first control input is electrically connected to RET and the second control input is connected to RETN;
a second clocked inverter, the second clocked inverter having a data input, three control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the tri-state inverter, the first control input is electrically connected to CKT, the second control input is connected to CLKZ, the third input is connected to PREN and the output of the second clocked inverter is electrically connected to the output of the first clocked inverter and to the input of the a tri-state inverter.
18. The flip-flop of claim 14 wherein the transfer gate comprises:
an NMOS transistor having a gate, drain and source wherein the gate of the NMOS transistor is electrically connected to CKT;
a PMOS transistor having a gate, drain and source wherein the gate of the PMOS transistor is electrically connected to CLKZ, the drains of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are electrically connected and the sources of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are electrically connected.
19. The flip-flop of claim 14 wherein the slave latch comprises:
a first tri-state inverter, the first tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the output (MXO) of the master latch, the first control input is electrically connected to SS, and the second control input is connected to SSN;
a second tri-state inverter, the second tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the second data bit (D2), the first control input is electrically connected to SS, and the second control input is connected to SSN and the outputs of the first and second tri-state inverter are electrically connected to each other;
a clocked inverter, the clocked inverter having a data input, four control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the first and second tri-state inverters, a first control input is electrically connected to CKT, a second control input is connected to CLKZ, a third control input is electrically connected to RET, a fourth control input is electrically connected to RETN and the output of the clocked inverter is electrically connected to the input of the first tri-state inverter.
20. A flip-flop circuit comprising:
a first inverter configured to receive a data bit (D1) and output a binary logical compliment (D1N) of the data bit (D1); wherein the first inverter comprises a PMOS transistor and an NMOS transistor, wherein the source of the PMOS transistor is electrically connected to a first power supply VDD1, the gates of the PMOS and NMOS transistors are electrically connected to data bit (D1), the drains of the PMOS and NMOS transistors are electrically connected to the binary logical compliment data bit D1N and the source of the NMOS transistor is electrically connected to ground;
a master latch configured to receive the binary logical compliment (D1N), a clock signal CKT, a binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), a retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET) and a preset control signal (PREN) wherein signals CKT, CLKZ, RET, RETN and PREN determine when the binary logical value of the data output (MXO) is presented on the output (MLO) of the master latch and when the output (MLO) of the master latch is latched in the mater latch; wherein the mater latch comprises:
a first clocked inverter, the first clocked inverter having a data input, three control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output (MXO), the first control input is electrically connected to CKT and the second control input is connected to CLKZ and the third control input is electrically connected to PREN;
a first tri-state inverter, the first tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the first clocked inverter, the first control input is electrically connected to RET and the second control input is connected to RETN;
a second clocked inverter, the second clocked inverter having a data input, three control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the first tri-state inverter, the first control input is electrically connected to CKT, the second control input is connected to CLKZ, the third control input is connected to PREN and the output of the second clocked inverter is electrically connected to the output of the first clocked inverter and to the input of the first tri-state inverter;
a slave latch configured to receive the output (MXO) of the master latch, a second data bit (D2), the clock signal (CKT), the binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), the retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET), a slave control signal (SS) and the binary logical compliment signal (SSN) of the slave control signal (SS) wherein signals CKT, CLKZ, RET, RETN, SS and SSN determine whether the binary logical value of the output (MLO) of the master latch or the second data bit (D2) is latched in the slave latch; wherein the slave latch comprises:
a second tri-state inverter, the second tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the output (MXO) of the master latch, the first control input is electrically connected to the control signal SS, and the second control input is connected to control signal SSN;
a third tri-state inverter, the third tri-state inverter having a data input, two control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the second data bit (D2), the first control input is electrically connected to control signal SS, and the second control input is connected to control signal SSN and the outputs of the second and third tri-state inverter are electrically connected to each other;
a third clocked inverter, the third clocked inverter having a data input, four control inputs and a data output wherein the data input is electrically connected to the data output of the second and third tri-state inverters, the first control input is electrically connected to CKT, the second control input is connected to CLKZ, the third control input is electrically connected to RET, the fourth control input is electrically connected to RETN and the output of the third clocked inverter is electrically connected to the input of the second tri-state inverter;
a transfer gate wherein the transfer gate transfers data from the output (MLO) of the master latch to the slave latch when the clock signal CKT transitions from a low logical value to a logical high valued; wherein the transfer gate transfers data from the output (MLO) of the master latch to the output of the transfer gate when signal PREN transitions from an logical one to a logical zero; wherein the transfer gate comprises:
an NMOS transistor having a gate, drain and source wherein the gate of the NMOS transistor is electrically connected to CKT;
a PMOS transistor having a gate, drain and source wherein the gate of the PMOS transistor is electrically connected to CLKZ, the drains of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are electrically connected and the sources of the NMOS and PMOS transistors are electrically connected.
21. A method of writing data into a slave latch of a flip-flop in retention mode comprising;
disconnecting a first power supply (VDD1) from a multiplexer wherein the multiplexer is configured to receive a first data bit (D1), a scan data bit (SD), a scan enable control signal (SE) and a binary logical compliment signal (SEN) of the scan enable control signal (SE), wherein the scan enable control signals (SE) and (SEN) determine whether the data output (MXO) of the multiplexer is the binary compliment of data bit (D1) or the binary compliment of scan data bit (SD)
disconnecting the first power supply (VDD1) from a master latch wherein the master latch is configured to receive the data output (MXO) of the multiplexer, a clock signal (CKT), a binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), a retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET) and a preset signal (PREN), wherein signals (CKT), (CLKZ), (RET), (RETN) and (PREN) determine when the binary logical value of the data output (MXO) is presented on the output (MLO) of the master latch and when the output (MLO) of the master latch is latched in the mater latch;
connecting a second power supply (VDD2) to the slave latch wherein the slave latch is configured to receive the output of the transfer gate, a second data bit (D2), the clock signal (CKT), the binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), the retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET), a slave control signal (SS) and the binary logical compliment signal (SSN) of the slave control signal (SS) wherein signals (CKT), (CLKZ), (RET), (RETN), (SS) and (SSN) determine whether the output of the transfer gate or the second data bit (D2) is latched in the slave latch; wherein the output of the transfer gate is (QN);
entering retention mode by driving the retain control signal (RET) to a logical high value and driving the retain control signal (RETN) to a logical low value;
driving the second data bit (D2) to a binary logical level;
writing the second data bit (D2) into the slave latch of the flip-flop by driving the slave control signal (SS) to a logical high value and driving the slave control signal (SSN) to a logical low value;
latching the second data bit (D2) into the slave latch of the flip-flop by driving the slave control signal (SS) to a logical low value and driving the slave control signal (SSN) to a logical high value;
connecting the first power supply (VDD1) to the multiplexer and the master latch;
exiting the retention mode and entering a functional mode by driving control signal (RET) to a logical low value and driving retain control signal (RETN) to a logical high value.
22. A method of writing data to a slave latch of a flip-flop while in a functional mode comprising;
entering the functional mode by driving retain control signal (RET) to a logical low value and retain control signal (RETN) to a logical high value;
disabling transfer of data from the master latch to the slave latch by driving a clock signal (CKT) to a logical low level and by driving a clock signal (CKZ) to a logical high level, wherein clock signals (CKT) and (CKZ) disable the transfer of data from the output (MLO) of a master latch to the output of a transfer gate;
driving a second data bit (D2) of the slave latch to a binary logical level wherein the slave latch is configured to receive the output of the transfer gate, a second data bit (D2), the clock signal (CKT), the binary logical compliment signal (CLKZ) of the clock signal (CKT), the retain control signal (RET), the binary logical compliment signal (RETN) of the retain control signal (RET), a slave control signal (SS) and the binary logical compliment signal (SSN) of the slave control signal (SS) wherein signals (CKT), (CLKZ), (RET), (RETN), (SS) and (SSN) determine whether the output of the transfer gate or the second data bit (D2) is latched in the slave latch; wherein the output of the transfer gate is (QN);
writing the second data bit (D2) into the slave latch of the flip-flop by driving the slave control signal (SS) to a logical high value and driving the slave control signal (SSN) to a logical low value;
latching the second data bit (D2) into the slave latch of the flip-flop by driving the slave control signal (SS) to a logical low value and driving the slave control signal (SSN) to a logical high value;
allowing CKT and CKZ to toggle.