Author: claimsbot

1. A coupling system for connecting supply lines between a trailer and a tractor vehicle, comprising: a socket which is arranged on the tractor vehicle and a support element, having a plug, which is arranged on the trailer, wherein
the socket is arranged in a positionally fixed manner on the tractor machine,
the plug is guided in a laterally moveable manner in the support element, and
the plug can be placed into a connecting position with the socket by means of an actuator which is arranged on the tractor vehicle.
2. The system per claim 1, wherein the plug has a ram, with which a pressure rod of the actuator can engage.
3. The system per claim 1, wherein a locking element is arranged on the plug or socket or both the plug and socket.
4. The system per claim 2, wherein the locking element interacts with an unlocking actuator.
5. The system per claim 1, wherein a spring element is arranged between the plug and the support element.
6. The system per claim 1, wherein the tractor vehicle has a fifth wheel with an entry opening formed by two lateral coupling horns and the trailer has a kingpin on which the support element can be arranged to swivel, and wherein the socket can be arranged in the first coupling horn.
7. The system per claim 6, wherein the actuator can be arranged on the second coupling horn, opposite the coupling horn.
8. The system per claim 1, wherein the actuator, the plug and the socket are oriented in the same axis to each other.
9. The system per claim 8, wherein the axis is oriented transversely or at a slant to the direction of travel.
10. The system per claim 6, wherein the actuator, the plug and the socket are arranged in the same plane beneath the fifth wheel.
11. The system per claim 1, wherein the actuator retracts into its original position after producing the connection position.
12. The system per claim 2, wherein a locking element is arranged on the plug or socket or both the plug and socket.
13. The system per claim 4, wherein a spring element is arranged between the plug and the support element.
14. The system per claim 13, wherein the tractor vehicle has a fifth wheel with an entry opening formed by two lateral coupling horns and the trailer has a kingpin on which the support element can be arranged to swivel, and wherein the socket can be arranged in the first coupling horn.
15. The system per claim 14, wherein the actuator can be arranged on the second coupling horn, opposite the first coupling horn.
16. The system per claim 15, wherein the actuator, the plug and the socket are oriented in the same axis to each other.
17. The system per claim 16, wherein the axis is oriented transversely or at a slant to the direction of travel.
18. The system per claim 17, wherein the actuator, the plug and the socket are arranged in the same plane beneath the fifth wheel.
19. The system per claim 18, wherein the actuator retracts into its original position after producing the connection position.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A system for tuning a process control loop, the system comprising:
a tuner for receiving an error signal representative of a difference between a set point and a process variable to generate a first process control signal for controlling the process and to generate a set of process characteristic signals characterizing the process;
a nonlinear module for applying a nonlinear procedure to the set of process characteristic signals to generate at least one controller parameter signal;
a controller for receiving the error signal and the at least one controller parameter signal from the nonlinear module, the controller generating a second process control signal for controlling the process;
and a switch coupled to the process for coupling one of the tuner and the controller to the process to select the appropriate process control signal for controlling the process.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the nonlinear module includes a nonlinear controller design module for providing a nonlinear estimation of a plurality of controller tuning parameters.
3. The system of claim 2 wherein the controller is further coupled to receive the nonlinear estimation of controller tuning parameters from the nonlinear controller design module.
4. The system of claim 2 wherein the nonlinear controller design module allows adjustments to the controller, the adjustments altering a response speed of the controller.
5. The system of claim 1 further comprising an analytical controller design module coupled to the nonlinear module, the analytical controller design module capable of providing a plurality of controller parameters to the controller based on a plurality of model identification parameters received from the nonlinear module.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein the controller is a proportional, integral, and derivative feedback controller.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the nonlinear module includes at least one neural network module.
8. The system of claim 7 wherein the neural network module uses a function selected from the group consisting of a sigmoid function and a radial basis function.
9. The system of claim 7 wherein the neural network module uses a sigmoid function wherein a transfer function is given by
Out
=
1
–

\u2147

–
In
1
+

\u2147

–
In
,
wherein In is a weighted sum of a plurality of external inputs of the form In=\u03a3wiIni.
10. The system of claim 1 wherein the nonlinear module includes a nonlinear process identification module and a nonlinear controller design module, and wherein an output from the nonlinear process identification module and an output from the nonlinear controller design module are coupled to the controller.
11. The system of claim 1 wherein the nonlinear module includes a fuzzy logic module.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein the controller parameter signal includes a plurality of control parameters using nonlinear estimators of a plurality of tuning parameters for tuning the process control loop.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein the nonlinear module calculates the plurality of control parameters using nonlinear estimators using nonlinear functions to create nonlinear estimators of the plurality of tuning parameters.
14. The system of claim 13 wherein the nonlinear function includes a neural network using a sigmoid function.
15. The system of claim 14 wherein heuristic coefficients are used with the sigmoid function to provide parameters including an integral time, a gain and a derivative time.
16. The system of claim 12 wherein the nonlinear module calculates the plurality of control parameters using nonlinear estimators using neural networks to estimate a set of relay oscillation tuning parameters.
17. The system of claim 13 wherein the nonlinear module calculates the plurality of control parameters using nonlinear estimators using fuzzy logic to estimate a set of relay oscillation tuning parameters.
18. A method for tuning a process control loop, the method comprising:
receiving an error signal representative of a difference between a set point and a process variable;
generating a set of process characteristic signals characterizing the process from the error signal;
applying a nonlinear procedure to the set of process characteristic signals to generate at least one controller parameter signal and to generate process model identification parameters associated with the at least one controller parameter signal;
generating a process control signal for controlling a process based on the error signal and the at least one controller parameter signal; and
controlling the process using the process control signal.
19. A system for tuning a process control loop, the system comprising:
a computer readable memory; and
software stored on the computer readable memory operable to:
receive an error signal representative of a difference between a set point and a process variable;
generate a set of process characteristic signals characterizing the process;
apply a nonlinear procedure to the set of process characteristic signals to generate at least one controller parameter signal and to generate process model identification parameters associated with the at least one controller parameter signal;
generate a process control signal for controlling a process based on the error signal and the at least one controller parameter signal; and
control the process using the process control signal.

What is claimed is:

1. A porous ink jet recording element comprising a support having thereon an image-receiving layer comprising:
(a) inorganic particles having a primary particle size of from about 7 to about 40 nm in diameter which may be aggregated up to about 500 nm;
(b) colloidal particles having a mean particle size of from about 20 to about 500 nm;
(c) water-insoluble, cationic, polymeric particles comprising at least about 20 mole percent of a cationic mordant moiety; and
(d) inorganic particles encapsulated with an organic polymer having a Tg of less than about 100 C.
2. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (a) inorganic particles are fumed silica or fumed alumina.
3. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (b) colloidal particles are silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, yttria, or hydrated aluminum oxide.
4. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (b) colloidal particles are organic particles.
5. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (c) water-insoluble, cationic, polymeric particles are in the form of a latex which contains a polymer having a quaternary ammonium salt moiety.
6. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (c) water-insoluble, cationic, polymeric particles comprises a mixture of latexes containing a polymer having a (vinylbenzyl)trimethyl quaternary ammonium salt moiety and a polymer having a (vinylbenzyl)dimethylbenzyl quaternary ammonium salt moiety.
7. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (c) water-insoluble, cationic, polymeric particles have a mean particle size of from about 10 to about 500 nm.
8. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (d) inorganic particles encapsulated with an organic polymer have a mean particle size of from about 5 nm to about 1000 nm.
9. The recording element of claim 1 wherein the Tg of said organic polymer used to make said encapsulated (d) particles is from about 50 C. to about 65 C.
10. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said organic polymer used to make said encapsulated (d) particles is derived from a cationic, anionic or nonionic monomer.
11. The recording element of claim 10 wherein said monomer contains a quaternary ammonium, pyridinium, imidazolium, sulfonate, carboxylate or phosphonate functionality.
12. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said organic polymer used to make said encapsulated (d) particles is derived from an acrylate- or styrene-containing monomer.
13. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (d) inorganic particles are encapsulated by polymerizing a monomer in the presence of said inorganic particles to form said organic polymer.
14. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (d) inorganic particles are encapsulated with said organic polymer by:
(a) modifying the surface of said inorganic particles with a silane-containing material; and
(b) polymerizing a monomer to form said organic polymer.
15. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (d) inorganic particles are encapsulated with said organic polymer by adsorption of said organic polymer onto the surface of said inorganic particles.
16. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (d) inorganic particles are encapsulated with said organic polymer by chemical bond formation between said inorganic particles and said organic polymer.
17. The recording element of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of said inorganic particles to said organic polymer in said (d) particles is from about 20 to about 0.2.
18. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said (a) inorganic particles are present in an amount of from about 10 to about 50 weight % of said image-receiving layer, said (b) colloidal particles are present in an amount of from about 50 to about 80 weight % of said image-receiving layer, said (c) water-insoluble, cationic, polymeric particles are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 30 weight % of said image-receiving layer; and said (d) inorganic particles encapsulated with an organic polymer are present in an amount of from about 2 to about 50 weight % of said image-receiving layer.
19. The recording element of claim 1 wherein a base layer comprising at least about 50% by weight of inorganic particles is coated between said support and said image-receiving layer.
20. The recording element of claim 1 wherein said image-receiving layer also contains a binder in an amount of from about 5 to about 20 weight %.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A structure comprising a substrate and a coating material on a surface of the substrate, wherein the coating material comprises metal ions with radiation sensitive ligands and wherein the coating material has an average thickness from about 5 nm to about 30 nm, wherein exposure of the coating material to UV, EUV andor electron-beam radiation alters the chemical properties of the coating material creating an exposed coating material with differential dissolution rates between exposed and un-exposed regions of the coating material.
2. The structure of claim 1 wherein the metal ions comprise metal suboxide ions.
3. The structure of claim 1 wherein the metal of the metal ions comprises Cu, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, Sb, Hf, Ta, W, Ir, Pt, La, Ce, Pr, Nb, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu or a combination thereof.
4. The structure of claim 1 wherein the radiation sensitive ligands comprise peroxide ligands.
5. The structure of claim 1 wherein the coating material further comprises polyatomic anions.
6. The structure of claim 1 wherein the average thickness is from about 5 nm to about 25 nm.
7. The structure of claim 1 wherein the coating material has high absorption of EUV radiation relative to conventional radiation-based resists.
8. A method for forming a patterned structure comprising a substrate and a patterned coating material on a surface of the substrate, the method comprising:
irradiating along a selected pattern, a layer of coating material on the surface of the substrate having an average thickness from about 5 nm to about 30 nm with UV radiation or EUV radiation at a dose of no more than about 100 mJcm2, or with electron-beam radiation at a dose equivalent to no more than about 300 \u03bcCcm2 at 30 kV; and
contacting the irradiated layer with a developing composition to dissolve un-irradiated material to form a patterned coating material.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the irradiation is performed with EUV at a dose of no more than about 90 mJcm2.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the irradiation is performed with e-beam radiation with a dose equivalent to no more than about 250 \u03bcCcm2 at 30 kV.
11. The method of claim 8 wherein the developing composition comprises tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide.
12. The method of claim 8 further comprising heating the coated substrate after irradiation to a temperature of at least about 45\xb0 C. prior to contacting the irradiated layer with the developing composition.
13. The method of claim 8 wherein the coating material prior to irradiation comprises metal ions with radiation sensitive ligands and wherein interaction of the coating material with EUV andor e-beam radiation alters the chemical properties of the coating material creating a structure with differential dissolution rates.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the metal of the metal ions comprises Cu, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, Sb, Hf, Ta, W, Ir, Pt, La, Ce, Pr, Nb, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu or a combination thereof, wherein the radiation sensitive ligands comprise peroxide ligands, and wherein the coating material further comprises polyatomic anions.
15. A method for forming a patterned inorganic material on a substrate, the method comprising:
irradiating a coated substrate with a pattern of radiation wherein the coated substrate comprises a coating with a radiation patternable coating material comprising metal suboxide cations, ligands comprising a peroxide group and inorganic polyatomic anions and wherein irradiation creates a differential dissolution rate between irradiated and un-irradiated locations, wherein the coating material is formed by removing solvent from a deposited precursor solution wherein the peroxide ligand to metal ion ratio is at least about 2; and
heating the coated substrate after irradiation to a temperature of at least about 45\xb0 C. prior to contacting the coating with a developing composition.
16. The method of claim 15 further comprising contacting the coated substrate after heating with a developing composition to remove un-irradiated coating material to form the patterned inorganic material.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the patterned inorganic material has edges with an average line-width roughness no more than about 2.25 nm at a pitch of no more than about 60 nm or for individual features having an average width of no more than about 30 nm.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the metal suboxide cations comprise Cu, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, Sb, Hf, Ta, W, Ir, Pt, La, Ce, Pr, Nb, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu or a combination thereof.
19. The method of claim 15 wherein the irradiating step comprises irradiation with extreme ultraviolet light at a dose of no more than about 100 mJcm2 or with an electron beam at a dose equivalent to no more than about 300 \u03bcCcm2 at 30 kV.
20. The method of claim 15 wherein the coating has an average thickness of about 5 nm to about 30 nm.