Author: claimsbot

1. A pole grip for attaching to a pole having a pole axis, of the type comprising walking sticks, trekking poles, downhill ski poles, cross-country ski poles and Nordic walking poles, and for releasably coupling to a hand retaining device, such as a hand strap or glove, via a loop structure that is loop-like, ring-like or eyelet-like on said hand retaining device, comprising:
a grip body having a hand side, a top region and a bottom region, with a hole extending from the bottom region along the pole axis and being sized to receive a pole end,
a hook-like device for fastening a hand-retaining device, the hook-like device being disposed in the top region of the grip body on the hand side, the hook-like device comprising a retaining peg having a first end secured to the grip body and a second free end, and being oriented essentially parallel to the pole axis but being offset on the hand side away from the grip body with the second free end forming an introduction slot with the grip body, wherein a cross section of the peg is sized to receive the loop structure of a hand retaining device and the depth of the introduction slot is greater than a width and a thickness of the retaining peg,
displaceable or rotatable latching-in means disposed adjacent the hook-like device such that the loop structure of a hand retaining device, when pushed onto the free end of the hook-like device, is secured onto the hook-like device with a self latching action, and
an elastically biased arresting block having a latching-in restraining nose, the arresting block being accommodated in a recess formed in the top region of the grip body,
wherein the arresting block as a whole is, or the restraining nose arranged therein is, biased against the hook-like device via a resiliently elastic element, and
wherein the arresting block is coupled to at least one activating button and the arresting block or the restraining nose is moveable against the force of the resiliently elastic element by manual activation of the button, whereby the self latching mechanism is released.
2. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hook-like device has a width in the range of 3-15 mm, the hook-like device having an essentially oval or lenticular cross section, at least in certain sections perpendicular to the pole axis, in which case a short, main axis is directed towards the grip body.
3. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the introduction slot has a depth in the range of 5-30 mm.
4. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hook-like device is formed integrally as a part of the grip body.
5. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hook-like device is a separate component which is fastened on the grip body via a fastening plate by means of which the hook-like device can be fastened on the grip body from the hand side.
6. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the recess is provided in the grip body from the hand side andor from above.
7. The pole grip as claimed in claim 6, wherein the arresting block as a whole is, or retaining means arranged therein are, guided so as to be displaceable parallel to the direction of the recess, or in the horizontal direction, and it is biased against the hook-like device, which is arranged in front of the recess, via a spring.
8. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arresting block can be displaced from the outside, counter to the bias force, via the at least one actuating button, the self latching mechanism being released in the process, in which case, for this purpose, slots are provided laterally, in the grip body, in relation to the recess and, via these slots, actuating buttons arranged on both sides are operatively connected to the arresting block.
9. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein provided in or on the arresting block is the at least one activating button by way of which a retaining means arranged in the arresting block, in the form of a pin, can be displaced counter to the bias force, the self-latching mechanism being released in the process.
10. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein provided in or on the arresting block is the at least one activating button by way of which the arresting block or a retaining means arranged in the arresting block, can be displaced, the self-latching mechanism being released in the process, it being the case that the activating button is arranged on the top region and is directed toward the hook-like device, wherein the activating button has lateral protrusions which project on both sides of the hook-like device and essentially surround the tip of the hook-like device laterally.
11. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the recess in the grip body open at the top and from the hand side and the arresting block is biased in the downward direction for emergency activation via an axial helical spring which is arranged in a cavity of the pole grip and the stressing of which can be adjusted preferably via an adjusting nut.
12. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arresting block is a displaceably andor rotatably mounted element, on or in which latching-in means are arranged, wherein the element is biased in the downward direction for emergency activation via an axial helical spring which is arranged in a cavity of the pole grip and the stressing of which can be adjusted.
13. The pole grip as claimed in claim 11, wherein the arresting block is mounted in a rotatable manner about a horizontal axial element, which is arranged between the hook-like device and grip body essentially parallel to the plane of the slot, and it is biased against the hook-like device, arranged on the hand side, via a spring.
14. The pole grip as claimed in claim 13, wherein the arresting block is tiltable from the outside, counter to the spring force, via at least one actuating button, the self-latching mechanism being released in the process.
15. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the restraining nose has a beveled flank toward the top, as seen in the direction of introduction, and which, in the position in which it is braced against the hook-like device, defines, in the downward direction, a region for the loop-like, ring-like or eyelet-like device which is enclosed counter to a force.
16. The pole grip as claimed in claim 15, wherein the restraining nose is arranged on or in the arresting block.
17. The pole grip as claimed in claim 15, wherein the restraining nose is arranged on the hook-like device.
18. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the latching-in means are designed such that, in the event of loading in the direction of the opening of the hook-like device which goes beyond a normal usage force, emergency release of the loop-like, ring-like or eyelet-like device takes place.
19. The pole grip as claimed in claim 15, wherein the restraining nose is mounted in a rotatable manner about a preferably horizontal axial element arranged essentially perpendicularly to the opening direction of the recess, rotation in the upward direction, to release the region in the upward direction, being possible counter to a defined force.
20. The pole grip as claimed in claim 15, wherein the restraining nose is mounted in a displaceable manner, in which case displacement in the upward direction to release the region is possible counter to a defined force, and the force is ensured via a spring or a resilient element.
21. The pole grip as claimed in claim 11, wherein the restraining nose is braced by way of a leg spring or by way of a helical spring, or by way of an elastomer spring, into the rotary position, or displacement position, in which it closes off the region, this bracing being adjustable, in which case safety activation takes place only under a force of more than 80-250 N.
22. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein safety activation is realized via a yielding action in the region of the hook-like device.
23. The pole grip as claimed in claim 22, wherein the hook-like device can be displaced or tilted about an axial element, counter to a force, in the direction of the hand side to release the region.
24. The pole grip as claimed in claim 22, wherein a resilient region is provided on the hook-like device on the slot side, this resilient region being realized via a leaf spring or an elastic portion.
25. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, having a hand-retaining device which can be fastened on the hand or a glove which has a movable andor flexible loop between the thumb and forefinger, the hand-retaining device being provided for fastening on the hook-like device of a pole grip as claimed in claim 1.
26. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the introduction slot has a depth in the range of 10-15 mm.
27. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hook-like device has a width in the range of 4-8 mm, the hook-like device having an essentially oval or lenticular cross section.
28. The pole grip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hook-like device is a cutout in the grip body.
29. A pole grip for attaching to a pole having a pole axis, of the type comprising walking sticks, trekking poles, downhill ski poles, cross-country ski poles and Nordic walking poles, and for releasably coupling to a hand retaining device, such as a hand strap or glove, via a loop structure that is loop-like, ring-like or eyelet-like on said hand retaining device, comprising:
a grip body having a hand side, a top region and a bottom region, with a hole extending from the bottom region along the pole axis and being sized to receive a pole end,
a hook-like device for fastening a hand-retaining device, the hook-like device comprising a retaining peg having a first end secured to the grip body and a second free end, and being oriented essentially parallel to the pole axis but being offset on the hand side away from the grip body with the second free end forming an introduction slot with the grip body, wherein a cross section of the peg is sized to receive the loop structure of a hand retaining device and the depth of the introduction slot is greater than a width and a thickness of the retaining peg,
moveable latching-in means disposed adjacent the hook-like device such that the loop structure of a hand retaining device, when pushed onto the free end of the hook-like device, is secured onto the hook-like device with a self-latching action, and
an elastically biased arresting block having a latching-in restraining nose, the arresting block being accommodated in a recess formed in the top region of the grip body,
wherein the arresting block as a whole is, or the restraining nose arranged therein is, biased against the hook-like device via a resiliently elastic element, and
wherein the arresting block is coupled to at least one activating button and the arresting block or the restraining nose is moveable against the force of the resiliently elastic element by manual activation of the button, whereby the self-latching mechanism is released.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A control system for an electric motor for driving an electric vehicle while an output of said electric motor is controlled on an accelerator opening degree corresponding to a displacement quantity of an accelerator operation member, said control system comprising an acceleration sensor to output an acceleration signal having a magnitude corresponding to said accelerator opening degree by detecting said accelerator opening degree; rotational speed detection means to detect a rotational speed of said electric motor; steady-state-time drive current control means to control a drive current of said electric motor in accordance with said acceleration signal; lock state judgment means to judge that said electric motor is in the lock state when the state where said rotational speed detected by said rotational speed detection means is equal to or less than a set lock start rotational speed while said accelerator opening degree detected from said acceleration signal is equal to or more than a set lock judgment opening degree continues during a set lock start judgment time and to judge that said lock state is released when the state where said accelerator opening degree is less than said lock judgment opening degree or the state where said rotational speed is equal to or more than a lock release rotational speed set at a value higher than said lock start rotational speed continues for a set lock release judgment time; and lock-time drive current control means to perform a drive current limit control in which said drive current is reduced from a value determined by said steady-state-time drive current control means to a lock-time limit value so as to limit the maximum value of said drive current to a value equal to or less than the lock-time limit value when it is judged by said lock state judgment means that the electric motor is in the lock state and to release said drive current limit control whereby said drive current is increased from said value equal to or less than said lock-time limit value to said value determined by said steady-state-time drive current control means when it is judged that said lock state is released.
2. A control system for an electric motor for driving an electric vehicle as set forth in claim 1 and wherein when said drive current limit control is made, said drive current is gradually reduced over a lock start control time from the value determined by said steady-state-time drive current control means to said lock-time limit value and when said drive current limit control is released, said drive current is gradually increased over a lock release control time from said lock-time limit value to said value determined by said steady-state-time drive current control means.
3. A control system for an electric motor for driving a brushless DC electric vehicle including a rotor having a field system and a stator having armature coils of n phases (n is two or more integers) while an output of said electric motor is controlled on an accelerator opening degree corresponding to a displacement quantity of an accelerator operation member, said control system comprising an acceleration sensor to output an acceleration signal having a magnitude corresponding to said accelerator opening degree by detecting said accelerator opening degree; rotational speed detection means to detect a rotational speed of said electric motor; n position sensors to generate an outputs having a level varying whenever a polarity of magnetic poles directly or indirectly detected by said magnetic poles of said rotor relative to armature coils of n phases of said stator, respectively changes; a switch circuit provided between a DC power supply and said armature coils to switch the phase of the armature coil through which a drive current flows from said DC power supply; steady-state-time drive current control means having duty factor arithmetical operation means to arithmetically operate a duty factor of said drive current for said acceleration signal and switch control means to control said switch circuit so that there flows through the armature coil of phase determined in accordance with an output of said position sensors the drive current of PWM waveform intermittent in the duty factor arithmetically operated by said duty factor arithmetical operation means whereby said rotor rotates; lock state judgment means to judge that said electric motor is in the lock state when the state where said rotational speed detected by said rotational speed detection means is equal to or less than a set lock start rotational speed while said accelerator opening degree detected from said acceleration signal is equal to or more than a set lock judgment opening degree continues for a set lock start judgment time and to judge that said lock state is released when the state where said accelerator opening degree is less than said lock judgment opening degree or the state where said rotational speed is equal to or more than a lock release rotational speed set at a value higher than said lock start rotational speed continues for a set lock release judgment time; and lock-time drive current control means to perform a drive current limit control in which said duty factor of said drive current is reduced from a value arithmetically operated by said duty factor arithmetical operation means to a lock-time limit duty factor so that the maximum value of said drive current is limited to the value equal to or less than said lock-time limit value when it is judged by said lock state judgment means that the electric motor is in the lock state and to release said drive current limit control whereby said duty factor of said drive current is increased from said lock-time limit value to said value determined by said duty factor arithmetical operation means when it is judged that said lock state is released.
4. A control system for an electric motor for driving an electric vehicle as set forth in claim 3 and wherein said lock-time drive current control means to gradually reduce said duty factor of said drive current over a set lock start control time from the value arithmetically operated by said duty factor arithmetical operation means to said lock-time limit duty factor when said drive current limit control is made and to gradually increase said duty factor of said drive current over a set lock release control time from said lock-time limit value to said value arithmetically operated by said duty factor arithmetical operation means when said drive current limit control is released.
5. A control system for an electric motor for driving an electric vehicle as set forth in claim 3 or 4 and further comprising a temperature sensor to detect a temperature of switch elements of said switch circuit and switch circuit protection control means to control said duty factor of said drive current so as to limit said duty factor of said drive current to a value equal to or less than a previously set limit value in spite of a result of judgment of said lock state judgment means when the temperature detected by said temperature sensor exceeds an allowable value.
6. A control system for an electric motor for driving a brushless DC electric vehicle including a rotor having a field system and a stator having armature coils of n phases (n is two or more integers) while an output of said electric motor is controlled on an accelerator opening degree corresponding to a displacement quantity of an accelerator operation member, said control system comprising an acceleration sensor to output an acceleration signal having a magnitude corresponding to said accelerator opening degree by detecting said accelerator opening degree; rotational speed detection means to detect a rotational speed of said electric motor; n position sensors to generate an output having a level varying whenever a polarity of magnetic poles directly or indirectly detected by said magnetic poles of said rotor relative to armature coils of n phases of said stator, respectively changes; a switch circuit provided between a DC power supply and said armature coils to switch the phase of the armature coil through which a drive current flows from said DC power supply; steady-state-time drive current control means having duty factor arithmetical operation means to arithmetically operate a duty factor of said drive current on said acceleration signal and switch control means to control said switch circuit so that there flows through the armature coil of phase determined in accordance with an output of said position sensors the drive current of PWM waveform intermittent in the duty factor arithmetically operated by said duty factor arithmetical operation means whereby said rotor rotates; rotation state judgment means to judge whether said electric motor rotates in the forward direction or not by using the difference of a combination of output states of said n position sensors between the forward rotation of said electric motor and the reverse rotation thereof; lock state judgment means to perform every predetermined time the judgment that said electric motor is in the lock state when the state where it is judged by said rotation state judgment means that said electric motor rotates in the forward direction and said rotational speed is equal to or less than a set lock start rotational speed while said accelerator opening degree detected from said acceleration signal is equal to or more than a set lock judgment opening degree continues for a set lock start judgment time or when it is judged that said electric motor does not rotate in the forward direction while said accelerator opening degree is equal to or more than said lock judgment opening degree continues for a set lock start judgment time and the judgment that said lock state is released when the state where said accelerator opening degree is less than said lock judgment opening degree or the state where said rotational speed is equal to or more than a lock release rotational speed set at a value higher than said lock start rotational speed continues for a set lock release judgment time; and lock time drive current control means to perform a drive current limit control in which the maximum value of said drive current is reduced to a value equal to or less than a lock-time limit value when it is judged that the electric motor is in the lock state and to release said drive current limit control when it is judged that said lock state is released.
7. A control system for an electric motor for driving an electric vehicle as set forth in claim 6 and wherein said rotation state judgment means judges whether said electric motor rotates in the forward direction or not whenever a rising up or a falling down of the output of each of said position sensors is detected.
8. A control system of an electric motor for driving an electric vehicle as set forth in claim 6 and wherein said rotation state judgment means comprises position sensor output pattern storage means to store as a position sensor output pattern a combination of the outputs of said n position sensors which are expressed by 0 or 1 whenever the rising up or the falling down of said outputs of said position sensors is detected; position sensor output pattern judgment means to judge whether the change of the output patter of said position sensors corresponds to that when said electric motor rotates in the forward direction or not by comparing the last output pattern of said position sensors stored in said position sensor output pattern storage means with the present output pattern of said position sensors stored therein whenever the rising up or the falling down of said outputs of said position sensors is detected; and rotational direction judgment means to judge that said electric motor rotates in the forward direction when it is judged by said position sensor output pattern judgment means m times (m is two or more integers) in succession that the change of said position sensor output patter is the one when said electric motor rotates in the forward direction and to judge that said electric motor does not rotate in the forward direction when it is judged by said position sensor output pattern judgment means that the change of said position sensor output pattern is not the one when said electric motor rotates in the forward direction or when it is judged less than m times that the change of said position sensor output patter is the one when said electric motor rotates in the forward direction.
9. A control system for an electric motor for driving an electric vehicle as set forth in claim 6 or 8 and wherein said lock state judgment means comprises accelerator opening degree judgment means to judge whether said accelerator opening degree is equal to or more than a lock judgment opening degree or not; lock mode confirmation means to confirm whether the judgment of the lock mode is already made or not when it is judged by said accelerator opening degree judgment means that said accelerator opening degree is equal to or more than said lock judgment opening degree; unlock mode time rotational direction confirmation means to confirm that whether said electric motor rotates in the forward direction or not is judged by said rotation state judgment means when it is judged by said lock mode confirmation means that said judgment of lock mode is not yet made; unlock-time rotational speed judgment means to judge whether said rotational speed of said electric motor is equal to or less than said lock start rotational speed when it is confirmed by said unlock-mode-time rotational direction confirmation means that the judgment of the forward rotation of said electric motor is made; lock-start-time lapse time judgment means to judge whether a set lock start judgment time elapses or not after the state where it is judged by said unlock-time rotational speed judgment means that said rotational speed is equal to or less than said lock start rotational speed or the state where it is judged by said first rotational direction confirmation means that said electric motor does not rotate in the forward direction arises; lock-mode-time rotational direction confirmation means to confirm whether it is judged or not by said rotation state judgment means that said electric motor rotates in the forward direction is judged when it is confirmed by said lock mode confirmation means that the judgment of lock mode is already made; lock-time rotational speed judgment means to judge whether the rotational speed of said electric motor is equal to or more than the lock release rotational speed set at the value higher than said lock start rotational speed or not when it is confirmed by said lock-mode-time rotational direction confirmation means that the judgment of the forward rotation of said electric motor is made; lock-release-time lapse time judgment means to judge whether the set lock release judgment time elapses or not after the state where it is confirmed by said lock-time rotational direction confirmation means that it is judged that the electric motor does not rotate in the forward direction or the state where it is judged by said lock-time rotational speed judgment means that said rotational speed is equal to or more than said lock release rotational speed arises; first lock mode judgment means to judge that said electric motor is in the lock mode when it is judged by said lock-start-time lapse time judgment means that said lock-start-time judgment time elapses; second lock mode judgment means to judge that said electric motor is still in the lock mode when it is judged by said lock-time rotational speed judgment means that said rotational speed is less than said lock release rotational speed or when it is judged by said lock-release-time lapse time judgment means that said lock release judgment time does not elapse; first lock mode release means to judge the release of said lock mode when it is judged by said accelerator opening degree judgment means that said accelerator opening degree is less than said lock judgment opening degree; second lock mode release means to judge the release of said lock mode when it is judged that by said unlock-time rotational speed judgment means that said rotational speed exceeds said lock start rotational speed or when it is judged by said lock start-lapse-time lapse time judgment means that said lock start judgment time does not elapse; and third lock mode release means to judge the release of said lock mode when it is judged by said lock-release-time lapse time judgment means that said lock release judgment time elapses.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for addressing and directing traffic in a compatible public network, comprising:
receiving an original signal at an ingress capable network device in the compatible public network and that includes a destination service address;
forwarding a destination address identifier corresponding to the destination service address to a local naming system including at least one look-up table having registered pairs of destination address identifiers and internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network;
performing a look-up between the destination address identifier and at least one internal routing address corresponding thereto;
returning at least one returned internal routing address to the ingress capable network device from the local naming system;
substituting the destination address identifier with the returned internal routing address in a transit signal corresponding to the original signal while retaining said destination address identifier in a separate portion of said transit signal;
routing said transit signal from the ingress capable network device through the compatible public network to an egress capable network device at the returned internal routing address;
removing the returned internal routing address from said transit signal at said egress capable network device;
restoring the destination service address to said transit signal; and
forwarding said transit signal from the egress capable network device according to the destination service address.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the original signal includes the destination address identifier in the form of a destination service address embedded therein.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said destination address identifier comprises the destination service address, and said local naming system includes at least one look-up table having registered pairs of destination service addresses and internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network, and wherein
said performing comprises performing a look-up between the destination service address and at least one internal routing address corresponding thereto;
said substituting comprises substituting the destination service address with the returned internal routing address in a transit signal corresponding to the original signal while retaining said destination service address in a separate portion of said transit signal, and
said forwarding comprises forwarding the transit signal from the egress capable network device according to the destination service address.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein said destination address identifier comprises a destination compatible network identifying code, and said local naming system includes at least one look-up table having registered pairs of destination compatible network identifying codes external to the compatible public network and internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network, and wherein
said performing comprises performing a look-up between the destination compatible network identifying code and at least one internal routing address corresponding thereto;
said substituting comprises substituting the destination service address with the returned internal routing address in a transit signal corresponding to the original signal while retaining said destination service address in a separate portion of said transit signal; and
said forwarding comprises forwarding said transit signal from the egress capable network device according to the destination service address.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said destination address identifier comprises the destination service address, and said method further comprising:
checking in said local naming system whether at least one internal routing address corresponding to the destination service address is present in said registered pairs, and when at least one internal routing address is not present in said registered pairs, obtaining from said local naming system a destination compatible network identifying code corresponding to the destination service address;
performing a look-up between the destination compatible network identifying code and at least one internal routing address corresponding thereto; and
returning at least one returned internal routing address to the ingress capable network device from the local naming system.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said destination address identifier comprises the destination service address, and said method further comprising:
checking in said local naming system whether at least one internal routing address corresponding to the destination service address is present in said registered pairs, and when at least one internal routing address is not present in said registered pairs,
checking in said local naming system whether at least one destination compatible network identifying code corresponding to the destination service address is present in said registered pairs.
7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising:
when at least one destination compatible network identifying code corresponding to the destination service address is not present in said registered pairs,
forwarding the destination service address to a global naming system including at least one look-up table having registered pairs of destination service addresses and destination compatible network identifying codes; and
receiving a destination compatible network identifying code from the global naming system.
8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
returning one of the destination compatible network identifying code and at least one returned internal routing address to the ingress capable network device from the local naming system.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein said compatible public network is an ATM network.
10. A network switch for addressing and directing traffic in a compatible public network, comprising:
at least one interface for receiving signals having service addresses;
at least one local naming system server interface through which a look-up query signal is transmitted to a local naming system server, the look-up query signal being used to determine internal routing addresses corresponding to the service addresses; and
at least one internal routing and traffic carrying interface for routing, according to said internal routing address, said signals having service addresses through the compatible public network.
11. The network switch according to claim 10, further comprising:
a cache system that caches at least some of the internal routing addresses returned from the local naming system server and caches service addresses corresponding to the cached internal routing addresses returned from the local naming system server.
12. The network switch according to claim 10, wherein said at least one internal routing and traffic carrying interface receives signals that are routed according to said internal routing addresses through the compatible public network and that carry service addresses, removes said internal routing addresses, and forwards said signals according to the service addresses.
13. The network switch according to claim 10, further comprising:
at least one remote local naming system server interface through which a look-up query signal is established with a local naming system server, the look-up query signal being used to determine destination network identifying codes corresponding to the service addresses external to the compatible public network.
14. The network switch according to claim 13, wherein said at least one internal routing and traffic carrying interface receives signals that are routed through the compatible public network according to said internal routing addresses and that carry service addresses external to the compatible public network, removes said internal routing addresses, and forwards said signals according to the service addresses.
15. The network switch according to claim 10, further comprising:
at least one external global naming system server interface through which a look-up query signal is established with a global naming system server, the look-up query signal being used to determine destination network identifying codes corresponding to the service addresses external to the compatible public network.
16. The network switch according to claim 10, further comprising:
at least one local naming system server interface through which a look-up query signal is established with a local naming system server, the look-up query signal being used to determine internal routing addresses corresponding to destination compatible network identification codes.
17. The network switch according to claim 10, wherein said compatible public network is an ATM network, and said network switch is an ATM switch.
18. A network switch for addressing and directing traffic in a compatible public network, comprising:
at least one interface for sending signals having service addresses;
at least one internal routing and traffic carrying interface for receiving signals that are routed through the compatible public network according to internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network and that carry service addresses, removing said internal routing addresses, and sending said signals according to the service addresses.
19. The network switch according to claim 18, wherein said compatible public network is an ATM network, and said network switch is an ATM switch.
20. A system for addressing and directing traffic in a compatible public network, comprising:
a local naming system server including at least one look-up table having registered pairs of service addresses and internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network;
at least one ingress capable network device that receives an original signal including a destination service address embedded therein, said at least one ingress capable network device including at least one interface for receiving signals having destination service addresses, at least one interface to the local naming system server through which look-up query signals are sent and internal routing addresses corresponding to the destination service addresses are received, and at least one internal routing and traffic carrying interface for routing through the compatible public network, according to said internal routing address, at least transit signals corresponding to said received signals; and
at least one egress capable network device that receives at least said transit signals routed according to said internal routing addresses and that restores said destination service addresses before forwarding said transit signals from said compatible public network.
21. The system according to claim 20, further comprising at least one intervening network device through which said at least transit signals are routed through the compatible public network.
22. The system according to claim 20, in which said at least transit signals are routed directly through the compatible public network with no intervening network devices.
23. The system according to claim 20, wherein at least one capable network device includes said ingress capable network device and said egress capable network device.
24. The system according to claim 20, wherein said ingress capable network device further substitutes the destination service address with the internal routing address in a transit signal corresponding to the original signal while retaining said destination service address in a separate portion of said transit signal.
25. The system according to claim 24, wherein said egress capable network device that receives at least said transit signals routed according to said internal routing addresses, discards said internal routing addresses, and restores said destination service addresses before forwarding said transit signals from said compatible public network.
26. The system according to claim 20, wherein said local naming system server includes at least one look-up table having registered pairs of destination compatible network identifying codes and internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network, and wherein said local naming system server checks in said at least one look-up table whether at least one internal routing address corresponding to the destination service address is present in said registered pairs, and when at least one internal routing address is not present in said registered pairs, obtains from said at least one look-up table a destination compatible network identifying code corresponding to the destination address identifier, obtains at least one internal routing address corresponding to said destination compatible network identifying code corresponding thereto, and returns at least one returned internal routing address to the ingress capable network device.
27. The system according to claim 20, wherein said local naming system server further includes at least one look-up table having registered pairs of destination compatible network identifying codes and internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network, and wherein said local naming system server checks in said at least one look-up table whether at least one internal routing address corresponding to the destination service address is present in said registered pairs, and when at least one internal routing address is not present in said registered pairs, obtains from said at least one look-up table a destination compatible network identifying code corresponding to the to the destination address identifier, and returns at least one destination compatible network identifying code to the ingress capable network device.
28. The system according to claim 27, wherein said at least one ingress capable network device receives said at least one destination compatible network identifying code and sends a look-up query signal including the destination compatible network identifying code to the local naming system server.
29. The system according to claim 28, wherein said local naming server further performs a look-up between the destination compatible network identifying code and at least one internal routing address corresponding thereto, and returns said at least one internal routing address to the ingress capable network device
30. The system according to claim 20, wherein said compatible public network is an ATM network, and each said ingress capable network switch and egress capable network switch is an ATM switch.
31. A set of data signals embodied in a propagation medium within a compatible public network, the signals enabling routing of network traffic, and said set of data signals comprising:
a first signal from an ingress capable network device to a local naming system, the local naming system including at least one look-up table having registered pairs of destination address identifiers and internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network, said first signal including a query structure having the destination address identifier embedded therein;
a second signal from the local naming system to the capable network device, said second signal including a query response structure having at least one returned internal routing address corresponding to the destination address identifier corresponding to a destination service address embedded therein;
a third signal from the ingress capable network device and traversing the compatible public network to an egress capable network device at said at least one returned internal routing address, said third signal including routing information determining a path traversing internal network devices of the compatible public network to said at least one returned internal routing address and an address transport structure having said destination service address embedded therein; and
a fourth signal sent from said egress capable network device, said fourth signal including said destination service address.
32. The set of data signals according to claim 31, wherein the ingress capable network device is responsive to an signal including an addressing structure having the destination address identifier embedded therein.
33. The set of data signals according to claim 32, wherein said destination address identifier comprises said destination service address, and wherein at least one look-up table includes registered pairs of destination service addresses and corresponding internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network, and
wherein said first signal from the ingress capable network device to the local naming system includes the query structure having the destination service address embedded therein, and said second signal includes a query response structure having at least one returned internal routing address corresponding to the destination service address embedded therein.
34. The set of data signals according to claim 31, wherein said fourth signal includes the destination service address, but not said internal routing address, embedded therein.
35. The set of data signals according to claim 31, wherein at least one look-up table includes registered pairs of destination compatible network identifying codes and corresponding internal routing addresses internal to the compatible public network, and
wherein said first signal from the ingress capable network device to the local naming system includes the query structure having the destination address identifier including a destination compatible network identifying code embedded therein, and said second signal includes a query response structure having at least one returned internal routing address corresponding to the destination compatible network identifying code embedded therein.
36. The set of data signals according to claim 35, wherein said fourth signal includes the destination service address, but not said internal routing address, embedded therein.
37. The set of data signals according to claim 35, further comprising:
a fifth signal from one of the ingress capable network device and the local naming system directed to a global naming system external to the compatible private network when said second signal cannot be formed by said local naming system, said fifth signal including a query structure having the destination address identifier embedded therein such that the global naming system can respond with a destination compatible network identifying code resolvable by the local naming system to an internal routing address.
38. The set of data signals according to claim 31, further comprising:
a partner signal exchanged between the local naming system and a remote local naming system in a second compatible network, said partner signal including pairs of destination service addresses internal to the second compatible public network and destination compatible network identifying codes for registration in said at least one look-up table.
39. The set of data signals according to claim 31, wherein said compatible public network is an ATM network.
40. A system for addressing and directing traffic in an ATM service provider network, comprising:
a local ATM naming system server including at least one look-up table having registered pairs of ADP service addresses and ATI addresses internal to the ATM service provider network;
at least one ingress switch that receives an original signal including an ATM address having an ADP service address embedded therein, said at least one ingress switch including at least one interface for receiving ATM signals having ADP service addresses, at least one interface to the local ATM naming system server through which look-up query signals are sent and ATI addresses corresponding to the ADP service addresses are received, and at least one internal routing traffic and traffic carrying interface for routing through the ATM service provider network, according to said ATI address, at least transit signals corresponding to said received signals; and
at least one egress switch that receives said at least transit signals routed according to said ATI addresses and that restores said ADP service before forwarding said at least transit signals from said ATM service provider network.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A signal detecting apparatus that detects a signal received based on a current received, comprising:
a detecting unit that detects, in the current received, a peak equal to or higher than a threshold;
a time counting unit that counts a given period of time from a point in time of detection of the peak by the detecting unit;
a determining unit that determines whether the detecting unit has detected the peak again within the given period of time counted by the time counting unit; and
an output unit that outputs information indicating detection of the signal received when the determining unit determines that the peak has been detected again.
2. The signal detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the detecting unit includes:
a peak detecting circuit that outputs a peak current representing a maximum of the current received, and
a comparator that compares the peak current output from the peak detecting circuit and a threshold to detect the peak, and

the signal detecting apparatus further comprises a reset unit that resets the peak current when the detecting unit has detected the peak at a time outside the given period of time counted by the time counting unit.
3. The signal detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detecting unit detects a burst signal including a preamble segment as the signal received.
4. The signal detecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the time counting unit counts, as the given period of time, a period of time of a length that allows the detecting unit to detect the peak again in the preamble segment.
5. A signal receiving apparatus comprising:
a signal detecting apparatus that detects a signal received based on a current received and includes:
a detecting unit that detects, in the current received, a peak equal to or higher than a threshold,
a time counting unit that counts a given period of time from a point in time of detection of the peak by the detecting unit,
a determining unit that determines whether the detecting unit has detected the peak again within the given period of time counted by the time counting unit, and
an output unit that outputs information indicating detection of the signal received when the determining unit determines that the peak has been detected again;

a receiving unit that recovers data based on the current received; and
a masking unit that outputs data recovered by the receiving unit when the output unit outputs information indicating detection of the signal received, the masking unit masking output from the receiving unit when the output unit does not output the information.
6. The signal receiving apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the signal receiving apparatus is incorporated into an optical line terminal in a passive optical network.
7. A signal detecting method of detecting a signal received based on a current received and comprising:
detecting, in the current received, a peak equal to or higher than a threshold;
counting a given period of time from a point in time of detection of the peak at the detecting;
determining whether the detecting has detected the peak again within the given period of time counted at the counting; and
outputting information indicating detection of the signal received when, at the determining, the peak has been determined to have been detected again.