Author: claimsbot

1. An illuminating apparatus, comprising:
a lamp shade with a tubular sidewall, a receiving space in the tubular side wall and an opening near an end of the tubular side wall and communicating with the receiving space which is located inside of the opening;
a light source received in the receiving space; and
a plurality of light shelters mechanically pivoted on the tubular sidewall, wherein the plurality of light shelters are capable of being respectively and selectively rotated to cover the opening, thereby sheltering light generated by the light source and passing through the opening;
wherein the plurality of light shelters each comprise a first sheltering portion and a second sheltering portion pivotably connected to a lateral side of the first sheltering portion.
2. The illuminating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a roof, wherein the tubular sidewall comprising two opposite end surfaces, the roof sealed the tubular sidewall at one of the end surfaces, and the opening is adjacent to the other end surface.
3. The illuminating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light shelters each have a shape of a sector.
4. The illuminating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second sheltering portion is pivoted on the first sheltering portion by a second pivot device, the second pivot comprises a third fixed portion fixed on the first sheltering portion, a fourth fixed portion fixed on the second sheltering portion, and a third shaft pin pivotably connecting the fourth fixed portion to the third fixed portion.
5. The illuminating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the third fixed portion and the fourth fixed portion each comprise a third through hole, the third shaft pin penetrates the third through holes of the third fixed portion and the fourth fixed portion and forms a pivot engagement therebetween.
6. The illuminating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first sheltering portion and the second sheltering portion each have a shape of a sector.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A refrigerant charge assisting device used when a refrigerant is charged into a refrigerant circuit of an air-conditioning apparatus in which the refrigerant circuit is formed by one or more heat source units including a compressor and a heat source side heat exchanger and one or more use units including a use side pressure reduction mechanism and a use side heat exchanger, the one or more heat source units and the one or more use units being connected with a liquid side refrigerant extension pipe and a gas side refrigerant extension pipe, the refrigerant charge assisting device comprising:
an input unit that is input with an initial refrigerant charge amount;
an operation data acquisition unit that starts operation of the refrigerant circuit and acquires operation data of the refrigerant circuit after the initial refrigerant charge amount of refrigerant is charged in the refrigerant circuit;
a charge amount computing unit that computes
an internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe from the initial refrigerant charge amount input to the input unit and the operation data acquired by the operation data acquisition unit,
a target refrigerant charge amount from the internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe and a standard operating state acquired in advance, the standard operating state being operation data of the refrigerant circuit when the refrigerant circuit is in a standard operating state that satisfies a preset condition, and
an additional refrigerant charge amount on a basis of the target refrigerant charge amount and the initial refrigerant charge amount; and
a display unit that displays the additional refrigerant charge amount computed by the charge amount computing unit.
2. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 1, further comprising a determination unit that determines whether an operating state of the refrigerant circuit has become stable, wherein
the operation of the refrigerant circuit started by the operation data acquisition unit is a refrigerant charge amount detection operation that turns a liquid reservoir provided in the refrigerant circuit into a state in which there is no refrigerant in the liquid reservoir by operating the refrigerant circuit such that a superheating is obtained in the use side heat exchanger
the charge amount computing unit uses the operation data acquired after the operating state of the refrigerant circuit is determined to have become stable by the determination unit after start of the refrigerant charge amount detection operation, in order to compute the internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe.
3. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 2, wherein
further, in the refrigerant charge amount detection operation, the operating frequency of the compressor is controlled such that an evaporating temperature between the use side heat exchanger and the compressor is constant at a permissible minimum evaporating temperature.
4. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 3, wherein
further, in the refrigerant charge amount detection operation, the opening degree of the use side pressure reduction mechanism is controlled and the superheat of the use side heat exchange is increased such that the evaporating temperature between the use side heat exchanger and the compressor is constant at a permissible minimum evaporating temperature.
5. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 2, wherein
further, in the refrigerant charge amount detection operation,
a rotation speed of a heat source side fan is controlled such that a temperature difference between a condensing temperature between the compressor and the use side pressure reduction mechanism and an outside air temperature is constant or is controlled such that the rotation speed is fixed in accordance with the outside air temperature.
6. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 2, wherein
the operation data acquisition unit sequentially acquires the operation data, and
the determination unit determines that the operating state has become stable when, on a basis of the sequentially acquired operation data, at least one of changes in a subcooling between the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side pressure reduction mechanism, a discharge temperature of the compressor, and the pressure between the compressor and the use side pressure reduction mechanism is determined to have become smaller than a predetermined value for discriminating whether the refrigerant is flowing out from the liquid reservoir.
7. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 1, wherein
the preset condition of the standard operation state is a temperature condition in which the heat source side fan that sends air to the heat source side heat exchanger is at a maximum available rotation speed.
8. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 1, wherein
in the display of the additional refrigerant charge amount
when the additional refrigerant charge amount computed by the charge amount computing unit is a positive value and the ratio of the additional refrigerant charge amount to the target refrigerant charge amount is equivalent to or smaller than a predetermined percentage that discriminates whether there is to be any subcooling between the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side pressure reduction mechanism, the computed additional refrigerant charge amount is displayed as it is, and when the ratio of the additional refrigerant charge amount to the target refrigerant charge amount exceeds the predetermined percentage, a value that is equivalent to or smaller than the predetermined percentage and that is larger than zero percent of the target refrigerant charge amount is displayed, and
when the additional refrigerant charge amount computed by the charge amount computing unit is a negative value, the value is displayed as a overcharged amount.
9. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 8, wherein the predetermined percentage is 20%.
10. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 1, wherein
the charge amount computing unit computes the internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe assuming that a refrigerant state between the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side pressure reduction mechanism is in a saturated liquid state when there is no subcooling between the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side pressure reduction mechanism.
11. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 1, wherein
the operation data acquisition unit acquires an upstream side temperature of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe and a downstream side temperature of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe, and
the charge amount computing unit uses the upstream side temperature and the downstream side temperature in computing the internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe.
12. The refrigerant charge assisting device of claim 1, wherein
the heat source unit further includes a subcooling heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a high-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the heat source side heat exchanger and a low-pressure refrigerant that is a portion of the high-pressure refrigerant, which has been decompressed, and
the charge amount computing unit determines whether an outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger is in a liquid phase state or in a two-phase state from an operating state of the subcooling heat exchanger when there is a subcooling between the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side pressure reduction mechanism, computes a refrigerant density of the heat source side heat exchanger in accordance with a determination result of the charge amount computing unit, and uses the refrigerant density of the heat source side heat exchanger for computing the internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe.
13. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising the refrigerant charge assisting device and the refrigerant circuit of claim 1.
14. A non-transitory information storage medium storing thereon a refrigerant charge assisting program for a refrigerant circuit of an air-conditioning apparatus in which the refrigerant circuit is formed by one or more heat source units including a compressor and a heat source side heat exchanger and one or more use units including a use side pressure reduction mechanism and a use side heat exchanger, the one or more heat source units and the one or more use units being connected with a liquid side refrigerant extension pipe and a gas side refrigerant extension pipe, that, when the refrigerant charge assisting program is executed by at least one computer, causes the at least one computer to:
start, by an operation data acquisition unit, operation of the refrigerant circuit of the air-conditioning apparatus and acquires operation data of the refrigerant circuit after the initial refrigerant charge amount of refrigerant is charged in the refrigerant circuit; and
compute, in a charge amount computing unit,
an internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe from the initial refrigerant charge amount input to the input unit and the operation data acquired by the operation data acquisition unit,
a target refrigerant charge amount from the internal volume of the liquid side refrigerant extension pipe and a standard operating state acquired in advance, the standard operating state being operation data of the refrigerant circuit when the refrigerant circuit is in a standard operating state that satisfies a preset condition, and
an additional refrigerant charge amount on a basis of the target refrigerant charge amount and the initial refrigerant charge amount.

1. An overcurrent protection circuit, comprising:
an output control device including a control terminal for controlling power between an input terminal and an output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit;
a first comparator, connected to the control terminal of the output control device, for comparing a reference voltage with a voltage of the output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit and outputting a comparison result;
first and second detection devices, each of which includes a control terminal that receives the comparison result, for detecting a proportional current value that is proportional to current flowing through the output control device;
a second comparator, connected to an output terminal of the first detection device, for comparing the proportional current value with a first reference current value provided by a first current source;
a first control device, connected to an output terminal of the second comparator, for controlling a voltage of the control terminal of the output control device;
a second current source, connected to an output terminal of the second detection device, for providing a second reference current value;
a third comparator for comparing a voltage of the output terminal of the second detection device with a voltage of an output terminal of the output control device; and
a second control device, connected to an output terminal of the third comparator, for controlling a voltage of the control terminal of the output control device.
2. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
the first current source comprises current sources providing a first current value and a control current value that maintains constant mutual conductance;
the second current source comprises current sources providing a second current value and a third current value; and
the first current value is equalized with the second current value, and a maximum value of the control current value is equalized with the third current value.
3. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 2, further comprising:
a switch unit for cooperatively disconnecting the current source providing the control current value that maintains the mutual conductance and the current source providing the second current value.
4. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the reference voltage is variable.
5. A direct current power supply, comprising:
an overcurrent protection circuit having an input terminal and an output terminal, the protection circuit including,
an output control device including a control terminal for controlling power between the input and output terminals of the overcurrent protection circuit;
a first comparator, connected to the control terminal of the output control device, for comparing a reference voltage with a voltage of the output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit and outputting a comparison result;
first and second detection devices, each of which includes a control terminal that receives the comparison result, for detecting a proportional current value that is proportional to current flowing through the output control device;
a second comparator, connected to an output terminal of the first detection device, for comparing the proportional current value with a first reference current value provided by a first current source;
a first control device, connected to an output terminal of the second comparator, for controlling a voltage of the control terminal of the output control device;
a second current source, connected to an output terminal of the second detection device, for providing a second reference current value;
a third comparator for comparing a voltage of the output terminal of the second detection device with a voltage of an output terminal of the output control device; and
a second control device, connected to an output terminal of the third comparator, for controlling a voltage of the control terminal of the output control device; and
a voltage supply connected to the input terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A three-dimensional textile component structure adapted to absorb loads in defined directions during use, the textile component structure being comprised of high-tensile yarns formed in surrounding relation about a longitudinally extending core area, characterized by a plurality of yarn sheets (3, 4) comprised of parallel high-tensile yarns wound about the core area (1) in layers with one yarn sheet above the other and with the yarns in the yarn sheets (3, 4) oriented at differing angles relative to the longitudinal extent of the core area (1), and at least one other yarn sheet (2) comprised of parallel high-tensile yarns surrounding the core area and extending along the longitudinal extent of the core area (1), the yarns of the yarn sheet (2) being fixed relative to each other in said longitudinally extending disposition by a textile structure (5) made of an intersecting yarn system.
2. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the wound angles of the yarn sheets (3, 4) are matched to defined main load directions in such a way that force components acting during loading substantially extend in the longitudinal direction of the core area.
3. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the number of high-tensile yarns within the respective yarn sheets is different and matched to the level of the loads provided.
4. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the yarn sheets (3, 4) are arranged in an angle range of 0\xb0 to virtually 90\xb0.
5. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 4, characterised in that each yarn sheet is wound at an angle remaining constant.
6. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 4, characterised in that in at least one yarn sheet (3, 4), the winding angle varies as a function of local load states of the component during its intended use.
7. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the textile structure (5), which fixes the longitudinally extending yarn sheet (2), is formed from yarns which are of lower value and have lower tensile strength than the yarns of the sheets (2-4).
8. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 4, characterised in that the yarns of the fixing textile structure (5) have a smaller cross section than the high-tensile yarns of the yarn sheets (2-4) and do not impair a substantially drawn form of the high-tensile yarns.
9. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the fixing textile structure (5) is produced by braiding.
10. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the fixing textile structure (5) is a knitted structure.
11. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 9, characterised in that the yarns of the other yarn sheet (2) to be fixed are incorporated into the textile structure (5) as standing ends.
12. Three-dimensional textile component structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the yarn sheets are stabilised three-dimensionally by means of synthetic resin.
13. A method for producing a three-dimensional textile component structure adapted to absorb loads in defined directions during use, comprised by forming high-tensile yarns in surrounding relation about a longitudinally extending core area, characterised by winding a plurality of yarn sheets (3, 4) of parallel high-tensile yarns about the core area in layers with one yarn sheet above the other and with the yarns in the yarn sheets (3, 4) oriented at different angles relative to the longitudinal extent of the core area (1), forming at least one other yarn sheet (2) of parallel high-tensile yarns in surrounding relation to the core area with the yarns thereof extending along the longitudinal extent of the core area (1), and fixing the yarns of the other yarn sheet (2) relative to each other in said longitudinally extending disposition by a textile structure (5) made of an intersecting yarn system while the yarn sheets (3, 4) are wound.
14. Method according to claim 13, characterised in that the different winding angles of the yarn sheets (3, 4) are adjusted by adjusting a peripheral speed of a winding means guiding the yarn sheets (3, 4) in relation to a speed of positional change of a component core, which defines the core area, relative to the winding means.
15. Method according to claim 14, characterised in that intersecting yarns of the textile structure (5) are supplied at such a low yarn tension that they do not noticeably deflect the yarns of the yarn sheet (2) made of high-value material, which they fix, from their longitudinal direction.
16. Method according to claim 13, characterised in that the textile structure (5) fixes the longitudinally extending yarn layer (2) by braiding the intersecting yarn system.
17. Method according to claim 13, characterised in that the textile structure (5) fixes the longitudinally extending yarn layer (2) by knitting the intersecting yarn system.
18. Method according to claim 13, characterised in that the three-dimensional textile component structure is bound after production thereof by a synthetic resin and thereby fixed with respect to its shape.
19. Method according to claim 18, characterised in that the core area is defined by a pre-shaped core (1) and, after the fixing of the shape of the textile component structure, the preshaped core (1) is disposed of.
20. Method according to claim 19, characterised in that the core (1) is dissolved or shrunk and removed in this state from within the component structure.