What is claimed is:
1. An exposure apparatus for image formation using an exposure spot for scanning a surface of a photoreceptor, a predetermined potential of a single polarity uniformly applied to the surface, to form a latent electrostatic image on the surface of the photoreceptor,
said exposure apparatus having a function of applying exposure energy of different values respectively to an isolated-dot pattern and an isolated-line pattern of image data when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation D>1.4P, said isolated-dot pattern including a dot surrounded by no dot and said isolated-line pattern including a line formed of a plurality of dots arranged continuously in one direction.
2. The exposure apparatus for image formation according to claim 1, having a function of defining exposure energy Ed applied to the isolated-dot pattern and exposure energy Es applied to the isolated-line pattern as EdEs>3.0 when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation D>2.8P.
3. The exposure apparatus for image formation according to claim 1, having a function of defining exposure energy Ed applied to the isolated-dot pattern and exposure energy Es applied to the isolated-line pattern as 1.5<EdEs3.0 when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation 1.9P<D2.8P.
4. The exposure apparatus for image formation according to claim 1, having a function of defining exposure energy Ed applied to the isolated-dot pattern and exposure energy Es applied to the isolated-line pattern as 1.0<EdEs1.5 when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation 1.4P<D1.9P.
5. The exposure apparatus for image formation according to claim 1, having a function of scanning by using the exposure spot the surface of the photoreceptor having at the surface a photosensitive layer of 15 to 25 m in thickness.
6. The exposure apparatus for image formation according to claim 1, having a power control function of changing, according to image patterns, pulse height of a drive pulse supplied to a light source for each dot.
7. The exposure apparatus for image formation according to claim 1, having a pulse-width control function of controlling, according to image patterns, pulse width of a drive pulse supplied to a light source for each dot.
8. An image formation method forming an image by using an exposure spot for scanning a surface of a photoreceptor, a predetermined potential of a single polarity uniformly applied to the surface, to form a latent electrostatic image on the surface of the photoreceptor,
exposure energy of different values being applied respectively to an isolated-dot pattern and an isolated-line pattern of image data when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation D>1.4P, said isolated-dot pattern including a dot surrounded by no dot and said isolated-line pattern including a line formed of a plurality of dots arranged continuously in one direction.
9. The image formation method according to claim 8, exposure energy Ed applied to the isolated-dot pattern and exposure energy Es applied to the isolated-line pattern being defined as EdEs>3.0 when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation D>2.8P.
10. The image formation method according to claim 8, exposure energy Ed applied to the isolated-dot pattern and exposure energy Es applied to the isolated-line pattern being defined as 1.5<EdEs3.0 when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation 1.9P<D2.8P.
11. The image formation method according to claim 8, exposure energy Ed applied to the isolated-dot pattern and exposure energy Es applied to the isolated-line pattern being defined as 1.0<EdEs1.5 when exposure spot diameter D and dot pitch P have a relation 1.4P<D1.9P.
12. The image formation method according to claim 8, the surface of the photoreceptor having at the surface a photosensitive layer of 15 to 25 m in thickness being scanned by the exposure spot.
13. The image formation method according to claim 8, pulse height of a drive pulse supplied to a light source for each dot being changed according to image patterns.
14. The image formation method according to claim 8, pulse width of a drive pulse supplied to a light source for each dot being controlled according to image patterns.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
a) accepting, by a proxy including at least one computer, ad spot availability information for a pageview to be provided in response to a page request, the ad spot availability information accepted from a first party, wherein the first party is not the proxy;
b) multicasting, by the proxy, ad spot requests for offers using the accepted ad spot availability information to at least two second parties, wherein the at least two second parties include at least two ad networks that are different from the first party and the proxy;
c) receiving, by the proxy, offers;
d) determining, by the proxy, at least one winning ad using the offers; and
e) providing, by the proxy, information concerning at least one of the at least one winning ad to the first party.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
f) recording, by the proxy, first party payment information.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the first party is a Website owner.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
g) paying, by the proxy, the first party using the first party payment information.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
g) paying, by the proxy, the first party using the first party payment information and a previously agreed upon guarantee.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
g) paying, by the proxy, the first party using the first party payment information and a previously agreed upon guarantee, wherein the previously agreed upon guarantee includes a profit percentage.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
f) recording, by the proxy, second party billing information.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the act of multicasting ad spot requests for offers includes sending an ad Spot request for offer to at least two of (i) a first ad network, (ii) a second ad network, (iii) a first ad agency, and (iv) a second ad agency.
9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the ad spot availability information includes offer rules.
10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein at least some of the ad spot requests for offers include at least some of the offer rules.
11. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the ad spot requests for offers include none of the offer rules.
12. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad enforces strict offer rule compliance.
13. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad converts an offer that is not in compliance with an offer rule to a converted offer that is compliant with the offer rule.
14. The computer-implemented method of claim 13, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad that converts the offer uses estimated ad performance information.
15. The computer-implemented method of claim 13, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad that converts the offer uses estimated ad selection rate information.
16. The computer-implemented method of claim 13, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad that converts the offer uses estimated ad conversion rate information.
17. A computer-implemented method comprising:
a) sending, by a content provider including at least one computer, ad spot availability information for a pageview to be provided in response to a page request, to a proxy representing at least two of (i) a first ad network, (ii) a second ad network, (iii) a first ad agency, and (iv) a second ad agency, wherein the content provider is not the proxy;
b) receiving, by the content provider, information concerning at least one ad corresponding to the ad spot availability information from the proxy, wherein the information concerning the at least one ad originates from an advertiser, and wherein the advertiser is different from the proxy and the content provider;
c) serving, by the content provider, the at least one ad corresponding to the ad spot availability information on an ad spot; and
d) receiving, by the content provider, payment related to the act of serving the at least one ad corresponding to the ad spot availability information on the ad spot.
18. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, wherein the payment is determined using a previously agreed upon guarantee from the proxy.
19. The computer-implemented method of claim 18, wherein the previously agreed upon guarantee includes a profit percentage.
20. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, wherein the ad spot availability information includes offer rules.
21. A computer-implemented method comprising:
a) accepting, by a proxy including at least one computer, ad availability information from an advertiser, wherein the ad availability information is associated with an ad to be served, and wherein the advertiser is not the proxy;
b) multicasting, by the proxy, requests for offers using the accepted ad availability information associated with the ad to be served to at least two content owners, wherein the at least two content owners are different from the advertiser and the proxy;
c) receiving, by the proxy, offers to place an ad of the advertiser on at least one ad spot of at least one pageview of each of the at least two content owners;
d) determining, by the proxy, at least one winning ad spot using the offers; and
e) providing, by the proxy, information concerning at least one of the at least one winning ad spot to the advertiser.
22. The computer-implemented method of claim 21, further comprising:
f) recording, by the proxy, advertiser billing information associated with the ad availability information.
23. The computer-implemented method of claim 22, further comprising:
g) billing, by the proxy, the advertiser associated with the ad availability information using the advertiser billing information.
24. The computer-implemented method of claim 22, further comprising:
g) billing, by the proxy, the advertiser associated with the ad availability information using the advertiser billing information and a previously agreed upon guarantee.
25. The computer-implemented method of claim 22, further comprising:
g) billing, by the proxy, the advertiser associated with the ad availability information using the advertiser billing information and a previously agreed upon guarantee, wherein the previously agreed upon guarantee includes a cost percentage.
26. The computer-implemented method of claim 21, wherein the ad availability information includes offer rules required by the advertiser associated with the ad availability information.
27. The computer-implemented method of claim 26, wherein at least some of the requests for offers include at least some of the offer rules.
28. The computer-implemented method of claim 26, wherein the requests for offers include none of the offer rules.
29. The computer-implemented method of claim 26, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad spot enforces strict offer rule compliance.
30. The computer-implemented method of claim 26, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad spot converts an offer that is not in compliance with an offer rule to a converted offer that is compliant with the offer rule.
31. The computer-implemented method of claim 30, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad performance information.
32. The computer-implemented method of claim 30, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad selection rate information.
33. The computer-implemented method of claim 30, wherein the act converting uses estimated ad conversion rate information.
34. Apparatus comprising:
a) at least one processor;
b) an input device; and
c) at least one storage device storing a computer executable code which, when executed by the at least one processor, performs a method of
1) accepting, by a proxy, ad spot availability information for a pageview to be provided in response to a page request, the ad spot availability information accepted from a first party, wherein the first party is not the proxy,
2) multicasting, by the proxy, ad spot requests for offers using the accepted ad spot availability information to at least two second parties, wherein the at least two second parties include at least two ad networks that are different from the first party and the proxy,
3) receiving, by the proxy, offers,
4) determining, by the proxy, at least one winning ad using the offers, and
5) providing, by the proxy, information concerning at least one of the at least one winning ad to the first party.
35. The apparatus of claim 34 further comprising:
6) recording, by the proxy, first party payment information.
36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first party is a Website owner.
37. The apparatus of claim 35, further comprising:
7) paying, by the proxy, the first party using the first party payment information.
38. The apparatus of claim 35, further comprising:
7) paying, by the proxy, the first party using the first party payment information and a previously agreed upon guarantee.
39. The apparatus of claim 35, further comprising:
7) paying, by the proxy, the first party using the first party payment information and a previously agreed upon guarantee, wherein the previously agreed upon guarantee includes a profit percentage.
40. The apparatus of claim 34, further comprising:
6) recording, by the proxy, second party billing information.
41. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the act of multicasting ad spot requests for offers includes sending an ad spot request for offer to at least two of (i) a first ad network, (ii) a second ad network, (iii) a first ad agency, and (iv) a second ad agency.
42. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the ad spot availability information includes offer rules.
43. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein at least some of the ad spot requests for offers include at least some of the offer rules.
44. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the ad spot requests for offers include none of the offer rules.
45. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad enforces strict offer rule compliance.
46. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad converts an offer that is not in compliance with an offer rule to a converted offer that is compliant with the offer rule.
47. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad performance information.
48. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad selection rate information.
49. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad conversion rate information.
50. Apparatus comprising:
a) at least one processor;
b) an input device; and
c) at least one storage device storing a computer executable code which, when executed by the at least one processor, performs a method of
1) sending, by a content provider, ad spot availability information for a pageview to be provided in response to a page request, to a proxy representing at least two of (i) a first ad network, (ii) a second ad network, (iii) a first ad agency, and (iv) a second ad agency, wherein the content provider is not the proxy,
2) receiving, by the content provider, information concerning at least one ad corresponding to the ad spot availability information from the proxy, wherein the information concerning the at least one ad originates from an advertiser, and wherein the advertiser is different from the proxy and the content provider,
3) serving the at least one ad corresponding to the ad spot availability information on an ad spot, and
4) receiving payment related to the act of serving the at least one ad corresponding to the ad spot availability information on the ad spot.
51. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the payment is determined using a previously agreed upon guarantee from the proxy.
52. The apparatus of claim 51, wherein the previously agreed upon guarantee includes a profit percentage.
53. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the ad spot availability information includes offer rules.
54. Apparatus comprising:
a) at least one processor;
b) an input device; and
c) at least one storage device storing a computer executable code which, when executed by the at least one processor, performs a method of
1) accepting by a proxy, ad availability information from an advertiser, wherein the ad availability information is associated with an ad to be served, and wherein the advertiser is not the proxy,
2) multicasting, by the proxy, requests for offers using the accepted ad availability information associated with the ad to be served to at least two content owners, wherein the at least two content owners are different from the advertiser and the proxy,
3) receiving, by the proxy, offers to place an ad of the advertiser on at least one ad spot of at least one pageview of each of the at least two content owners,
4) determining, by the proxy, at least one winning ad spot using the offers, and
5) providing, by the proxy, information concerning at least one of the at least one winning ad spot to the advertiser.
55. The apparatus of claim 54, further comprising:
6) recording, by the proxy, advertiser billing information associated with the ad availability information.
56. The apparatus of claim 55, further comprising:
7) billing, by the proxy, the advertiser associated with the ad availability information using the advertiser billing information.
57. The apparatus of claim 55, further comprising:
7) billing, by the proxy, the advertiser associated with the ad availability information using the advertiser billing information and a previously agreed upon guarantee.
58. The apparatus of claim 55, further comprising:
7) billing, by the proxy, the advertiser associated with the ad availability information using the advertiser billing information and a previously agreed upon guarantee, wherein the previously agreed upon guarantee includes a cost percentage.
59. The apparatus of claim 54, wherein the ad availability information includes offer rules required by the advertiser associated with the ad availability information.
60. The apparatus of claim 59, wherein at least some of the requests for offers include at least some of the offer rules.
61. The apparatus of claim 59, wherein the requests for offers include none of the offer rules.
62. The apparatus of claim 59, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad spot enforces strict offer rule compliance.
63. The apparatus of claim 59, wherein the act of determining at least one winning ad spot converts an offer that is not in compliance with an offer rule to a converted offer that is compliant with the offer rule.
64. The apparatus of claim 63, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad performance information.
65. The apparatus of claim 63, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad selection rate information.
66. The apparatus of claim 63, wherein the act of converting uses estimated ad conversion rate information.