Author: claimsbot

We claim:

1. A solid carbonylation catalyst useful for producing esters and carboxylic acids from reactants including lower alkyl alcohols and lower alkyl alcohol producing compositions in a vapor phase carbonylation process, said catalyst consisting essentially of a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of platinum and palladium, and tungsten and wherein said metals are associated with a solid catalyst support material selected from carbon.
2. The solid carbonylation catalyst according to claim 1 wherein said solid support is activated carbon.
3. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 1 wherein said activated carbon has a BET surface area greater than about 800 m2gram.
4. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 1 wherein said catalyst includes from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent each of said Group VIII metal and tungsten, wherein the weight percents of the metals is based on the total weight of the solid supported catalyst.
5. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 1 wherein said catalyst includes from about 0.1 weight percent to about 2 weight percent of said Group VIII metal and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight % of said tungsten, wherein the weight percents of the metals is based on the total weight of the solid supported catalyst.
6. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 1 wherein said Group VIII metal is platinum.
7. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 1 wherein said Group VIII metal is palladium.
8. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 1 further comprises a halogen promoting component selected from the group consisting of I2, Br2, and Cl2, hydrogen halides, gaseous hydriodic acid, alkyl and aryl halides having up to 12 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
9. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 8 wherein said halogen promoter is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen iodide, methyl iodide, ethyl iodide, 1-iodopropane, 2-iodobutane, 1-iodobutane, hydrogen bromide, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, benzyl iodide and mixtures thereof.
10. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 1 wherein said Group VIII metal is selected from the group consisting of a salt of hexachloroplatinate (IV), platinum dichloride, platinum chloride and complexes of hexachloroplatinate.
11. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 10 wherein said Group VIII metal is selected from the group consisting of dihydrogen hexachloroplatinate and palladium chloride.
12. A solid carbonylation catalyst useful for producing acetic acid and methyl acetate from methanol and methanol generating compositions in a vapor phase carbonylation process, said catalyst consisting essentially of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent of a Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of platinum and palladium, and from about 0.1 weight percent to about 10 weight percent of tungsten, wherein said metals are associated with a solid catalyst support material selected from activated carbon, and wherein the weight percents of the metals is based on the total weight of the solid supported catalyst.
13. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 12 wherein said catalyst includes from about 0.1 weight percent to about 2 weight percent of said Group VIII metal and from about 0.1 to about 5 weight % tungsten.
14. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 12 further comprising a halogen promoting component selected from the group consisting of hydrogen iodide, methyl iodide, ethyl iodide, 1-iodopropane, 2-iodobutane, 1-iodobutane, hydrogen bromide, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, benzyl iodide and mixtures thereof.
15. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 14 wherein said activated carbon has a BET surface area greater than about 800 m2gram.
16. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 12 wherein said Group VIII metal is platinum.
17. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 12 wherein said Group VIII metal is palladium.
18. A solid carbonylation catalyst useful for producing acetic acid and methyl acetate from methanol and methanol generating compositions in a vapor phase carbonylation process, said catalyst consisting essentially of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 2 weight percent of Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of platinum and palladium and from about 0.1 weight percent to about 5 weight percent of tungsten, wherein said metals are associated with activated carbon as a solid catalyst support material and wherein the weight percents of the metals is based on the total weight of the solid supported catalyst.
19. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 18 wherein said Group VIII metal is selected from the group consisting of a salt of hexachloroplatinate (IV), platinum dichloride, platinum chloride and complexes of hexachloroplatinate.
20. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 18 wherein said Group VIII metal is selected from the group consisting of dihydrogen hexachloroplatinate and palladium chloride.
21. The solid carbonylation catalyst of claim 18 further comprises a halogen promoting component selected from the group consisting of hydrogen iodide, methyl iodide, ethyl iodide, 1-iodopropane, 2-iodobutane, 1-iodobutane, hydrogen bromide, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, benzyl iodide and mixtures thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of controlling a game with a mobile touch-enabled device, comprising:
rendering a thumbstick on a reassignable area of a display of the mobile touch-enabled device;
rendering a mode selection button on a mode selection area of the display of the mobile touch-enabled device, wherein the reassignable area and the mode selection area are non-overlapping;
controlling a first operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at a default height in response to a first touch detected within the reassignable area of the display;
detecting a second touch, wherein the second touch is a drag from the mode selection area of the display to the reassignable area of the display;
controlling a second operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at a depressed height in response to a third touch detected within the reassignable area of the display, wherein the second touch and the third touch are detected without discontinuity of contact;
detecting a discontinuation of the third touch; and
controlling the first operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at the default height in response to a fourth touch detected within the reassignable area of the display upon detecting the discontinuation of the third touch.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
rendering a first visual indicator on the reassignable area of the display when the thumbstick is represented as being at the default height; and
rendering a second visual indicator on the reassignable area of the display when the thumbstick is represented as being at the depressed height, wherein at least a portion of the first visual indicator and the second visual indicator differ.
3. The method of claim 1, farther comprising rendering game data on at least a portion of the display of the mobile touch-enabled device.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving analog input information via the reassignable area of the display when the thumbstick is rendered on the reassignable area.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
rendering a toggle button on a toggle area of the display of the mobile touch-enabled device;
detecting a fifth touch within the toggle area of the display when the thumbstick is rendered on the reassignable area of the display; and
switching from rendering the thumbstick to rendering a directional pad on the reassignable area of the display upon detecting the fifth touch, wherein the reassignable area of the display is configured as a discrete input when the directional pad is rendered on the reassignable area.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
detecting a sixth touch within the toggle area of the display when the directional pad is rendered on the reassignable area of the display; and
switching from rendering the directional pad to rendering the thumbstick on the reassignable area of the display upon detecting the sixth touch, wherein the reassignable area of the display is configured as an analog input when the thumbstick is rendered on the reassignable area.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
detecting a sixth touch when the directional pad is rendered on the reassignable area of the display, wherein the sixth touch is a drag from the mode selection area of the display to the reassignable area of the display;
switching from rendering the directional pad to rendering the thumbstick on the reassignable area of the display upon detecting the sixth touch;
controlling the second operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at the depressed height in response to a seventh touch detected within the reassignable area of the display, wherein the sixth touch and the seventh touch are detected without discontinuity of contact;
detecting a discontinuation of the seventh touch; and
controlling the first operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at the default height in response to an eighth touch detected within the reassignable area of the display upon detecting the discontinuation of the seventh touch.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
measuring an amount of tilt of the mobile touch-enabled device relative to a predetermined plane; and
controlling a third operation in the game as a function of the amount of the tilt of the mobile touch-enabled device, wherein the amount of tilt of the mobile touch-enabled device maps to analog input information for the game, and a level of the analog input information for the game remains constant when the amount of tilt of the mobile touch-enabled device remains constant relative to the predetermined plane.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
rendering a trigger button on the display of the mobile touch-enabled device; and
depicting depression of the trigger button as a function of the amount of tilt of the mobile touch-enabled device.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting whether the mobile touch-enabled device is rotated in a plane defined by a surface of the display; and
controlling a third operation in the game as a function of whether the mobile touch-enabled device is rotated as detected, wherein the mobile touch-enabled device being rotated maps to discrete input information for the game.
11. The method of claim 1, further comprising rendering a trough on a trough area of the display, wherein the trough area is between the reassignable area and the mode selection area, wherein the drag of the second touch is detected to pass through at least a portion of the trough area.
12. The method of claim 1, further comprising vibrating the mobile touch-enable device upon detecting the discontinuation of the third touch to provide haptic feedback that signifies that the thumbstick has been switched back to being at the default height.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a series of images from a camera coupled with the mobile touch-enabled device;
tracking movement of a head of a user from the series of images; and
controlling a third operation in the game as a function of the movement of the head of the user.
14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a series of images from a camera coupled with the mobile touch-enabled device;
detecting a facial gesture of a user from the series of images; and
controlling a third operation in the game as a function of the facial gesture of the user.
15. A system that controls a game executed by a mobile touch-enabled device, comprising:
an output component that renders at least a thumbstick on a reassignable area of a display of the mobile touch-enabled device and a mode selection button on a mode selection area of the display of the mobile touch-enabled device, wherein the reassignable area and the mode selection area are non-overlapping;
an interaction analysis component configured to detect at least a drag from the mode selection area of the display to the reassignable area of the display and a touch within the reassignable area of the display; and
a manipulation component that controls a first operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at a depressed height in response to the touch detected within the reassignable area of the display when the drag from the mode selection area of the display to the reassignable area of the display and the touch within the reassignable area of the display are detected without discontinuity of contact, and otherwise controls a second operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at a default height in response to the touch detected within the reassignable area of the display.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the output component further renders a toggle button on a toggle area of the display of the mobile touch-enabled device, and the interaction analysis component is further configured to detect a touch within the toggle area of the display; the system further comprising:
an input alteration component that switches between the touch detected within the reassignable area of the display mapping to analog input information for the game and mapping to discrete input information for the game in response to the touch detected within the toggle area of the display, wherein the output component renders the thumbstick on the reassignable area of the display when mapped to the analog input information and renders a directional pad on the reassignable area of the display when mapped to the discrete input information, and wherein the manipulation component controls a third operation in the game in response to the touch detected within the reassignable area of the display when mapped to the discrete input information.
17. The system of claim 15, wherein the interaction analysis component measures a degree of tilt of the mobile touch-enabled device relative to a predetermined plane set based upon a rest pose and detects whether the mobile touch-enabled device is rotated in a plane defined by a surface of the display, and wherein the manipulation component controls a third operation in the game in response to the degree of the tilt of the mobile touch-enabled device and a fourth operation in the game in response to whether the mobile touch-enabled device is rotated.
18. The system of claim 15, wherein the interaction analysis component detects a gesture of a user from a series of images received from a camera coupled with the mobile touch-enabled device, and wherein the manipulation component controls a third operation in the game in response to the gesture of the user.
19. The system of claim 15, wherein the output component vibrates the mobile touch-enabled device to provide force feedback related to control of the game.
20. A mobile touch-enabled device, the mobile touch-enabled device comprising a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium including computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform acts including:
rendering a toggle button on a toggle area of a display of the mobile touch-enabled device;
rendering a thumbstick on a reassignable area of the display of the mobile touch-enabled device;
rendering a mode selection button on a mode selection area of the display of the mobile touch-enabled device, wherein the reassignable area and the mode selection area are non-overlapping;
detecting a first touch, wherein the first touch is a drag from the mode selection area of the display to the reassignable area of the display;
detecting a second touch within the reassignable area of the display, wherein the first touch and the second touch are detected without discontinuity of contact;
controlling a first operation in a game with the thumbstick represented as being at a depressed height in response to the second touch detected within the reassignable area of the display;
detecting a discontinuation of the second touch;
detecting a third touch within the reassignable area of the display after detecting the discontinuation of the second touch;
controlling a second operation in the game with the thumbstick represented as being at a default height in response to the third touch detected within the reassignable area of the display;
detecting a fourth touch within the toggle area of the display when the thumbstick is rendered on the reassignable area of the display;
switching from rendering the thumbstick to rendering a directional pad on the reassignable area of the display in response to the fourth touch detected within the toggle area of the display;
detecting a fifth touch within the reassignable area of the display with the directional pad rendered on the reassignable area of the display; and
controlling a third operation in the game in response to the fifth touch detected within the reassignable area of the display.

1. An ethylene 1-butene copolymer having
a) a molecular weight distribution (MwMn) of 1.5 or above and less than 3.5 (1.5\u2266MwMn<3.5);
b) 3 to 5 long chain branches per 1000 carbons along the copolymer main chain; and
c) a density of 0.863 to 0.865 gcc.
2. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the ethylene 1-butene copolymer is prepared by polymerizing ethylene and 1-butene in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a transition metal compound of the following Formula 1:
wherein R1 to R7 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen radical, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl or arylalkyl radical having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, a Group 14 metalloid radical substituted with hydrocarbyl, an alkoxy radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a silyl radical and an amino radical, in which two or more thereof may be connected to each other by an alkylidene radical containing an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, CY1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic ring, in which CY1 is substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen radical, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the case where CY1 is substituted with the plural substituents, two or more substituents may be connected to each other to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring;
M is a Group 4 transition metal;
N is a nitrogen atom; and
Q1 and Q2 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen radical, an alkyl amido radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl amido radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl or arylalkyl radical having 7 to 20 carbon atoms and alkylidene radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
3. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 2, wherein the transition metal compound represented by Formula 1 is a transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 2:
wherein R1 to R13 are the same as defined in R1 to R7 of Formula 1, and M, N, Q3 and Q4 are the same as defined in M, N, Q1 and Q2 of Formula 1.
4. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 3, wherein the transition metal compound represented by Formula 2 is a transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 3:
wherein R1 to R4, R6, M, N, Q3 and Q4 are the same as defined in Formula 2.
5. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 3, wherein the transition metal compound represented by Formula 2 is a transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 4:
wherein R1, R3, R4, M, N, Q3 and Q4 are the same as defined in Formula 2.
6. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 2, wherein the catalyst composition comprising the transition metal compound of Formula 1 further comprises one or more of cocatalyst compounds represented by the following Formulae 5 to 7.
\u2014Al(R16)-Oa\u2003\u2003Formula 5

wherein R16 is each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted with halogen, a is an integer of 2 or more;
D(R17)3\u2003\u2003Formula 6
wherein D is aluminum or boron;
R17 is each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which is substituted with halogen;
L-H+ZA4\u2212 or L+ZA4\u2212\u2003\u2003Formula 7
wherein L is cationic Lewis acid;
H is a hydrogen atom;
Z is an element of Group 13 selected from B, Al, Ga, In and Tl; and
A is each independently an aryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein at least one hydrogen atom in said aryl radical and alkyl radical is substituted with halogen, a hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy, or phenoxy radical.
7. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 2, wherein the ethylene 1-butene copolymer is prepared by contacting the catalyst composition comprising the transition metal compound of Formula 1, ethylene, and 1-butene by a continuous solution polymerization process.
8. (canceled)
9. The ethylene 1-butene copolymer according to claim 7, wherein a molar ratio of ethylene to 1-butene is 100:1 to 1:100.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of forming a filled via with an optically transmissive material comprising:
drilling a via in a panel; and
filling the via with an optically transmissive material.
2. The method as in claim 1 wherein the optically transmissive material is curable and the method further comprises:
curing the optically transmissive material after filling the via.
3. The method as in claim 1 wherein the via is conically shaped.
4. The method as in claim 2 wherein the via includes a first end having a first diameter between 60 to 200 micrometers and a second end having a second diameter between 10 to 50 micrometers.
5. The method as in claim 1 wherein the via is drilled by a laser.
6. The method as in claim 5, further comprising:
cleaning the via using at least one of a CO2 snow jet, ultrasonic cleaning and high-pressure air.
7. The method as in claim 4 wherein the material is cured with a UV light.
8. A housing having a light transmissive panel formed using the method of claim 4.
9. A housing having a light transmissive panel wherein the light transmissive panel comprises:
an optically transmissive polymer captured by at least one via in the panel.
10. The housing as in claim 8 wherein a light source is positioned on one side of the via.
11. The housing as in claim 10 wherein the optically transmissive polymer is an UV curable acrylate polymer.
12. The housing as in claim 9 wherein the via includes a first diameter between 60 and 200 micrometers and a second diameter between 10 and 50 micrometers and the light source is positioned adjacent the first diameter.
13. A housing having a light transmissive section wherein the light transmissive section is formed by a method comprising:
drilling a via in the light transmissive section;
filling the via with a curable polymer; and
curing the polymer.
14. The housing as in claim 13 wherein the method further comprises:
cleaning the via before filling the via.
15. The housing as in claim 13 wherein the via is drilled using a laser.
16. The housing as in claim 13 wherein excess polymer is removed before curing the polymer.
17. The housing as in claim 14 wherein the polymer is cured with an ultraviolet light.