Author: claimsbot

1. A method of preparing a pharmaceutical cream formulated with 1-(2-methylpropyl)-1H imidazo4,5-cquinolin-4-amine (imiquimod) and minimizing formation of imiquimod impurities in the prepared pharmaceutical cream during storage of the prepared pharmaceutical cream prior to application of the prepared pharmaceutical cream to a dermal or mucosal surface to treat a dermal or mucosal associated condition, said method comprising:
(a) preparing a water phase preparation for formulating the prepared pharmaceutical cream, the water phase preparation comprising pharmaceutically acceptable excipients;
(b) preparing an oil phase preparation for formulating the prepared pharmaceutical cream, the oil phase preparation comprising imiquimod and a refined oleic acid component, wherein the refined oleic acid component contains at least about 80% oleic acid by weight as a fatty acid and has a peroxide value of no more than about 5 milliequivalents of oxygen per kilogram and contains less than about 1% by weight polar impurities at or prior to formulation;
(c) adding said water phase preparation to said oil phase preparation to form an emulsion;
(d) homogenizing the emulsion to formulate the prepared pharmaceutical cream;
(e) storing the prepared pharmaceutical cream for at least about four months prior to use of the pharmaceutical cream; and
(f) minimizing the formation of imiquimod impurities in the pharmaceutical cream during said storing of the pharmaceutical cream, as compared to an amount of imiquimod impurities formed in an identical pharmaceutical imiquimod cream but formulated with a compendial grade oleic acid component rather than the refined oleic acid component when the pharmaceutical cream and the identical pharmaceutical imiquimod cream are each stored under identical storage conditions, so that the formation of imiquimod impurities in the pharmaceutical cream is minimized and a therapeutically effective amount of imiquimod can be delivered from the pharmaceutical cream to treat the dermal or mucosal associated condition when the pharmaceutical cream is applied to a dermal or mucosal surface following said storing of the pharmaceutical cream.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said pharmaceutical cream contains imiquimod impurities in an amount of no more than about 0.18% wt.wt. after storage of said pharmaceutical cream for about four months, where absorbance of said pharmaceutical cream is analyzed at about 308 nm using a UV detector.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said pharmaceutical cream contains imiquimod impurities in an amount of no more than about 0.29% wt.wt. after storage of said pharmaceutical cream for about four months, where absorbance of said pharmaceutical cream is analyzed at about 308 nm using a UV detector.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said pharmaceutical cream contains imiquimod impurities in an amount of no more than about 0.04% wt.wt. after storage of said pharmaceutical cream for about four months, where absorbance of said pharmaceutical cream is analyzed at about 308 nm using a UV detector.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said pharmaceutical cream further comprises an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the imiquimod is present in an amount of not more than 10% by weight based on the total weight of said pharmaceutical cream and wherein the oleic acid component is present in an amount of no more than about 40% by weight based on the total weight of said pharmaceutical cream.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the imiquimod is present in an amount of about 5% by weight based on the total weight of said pharmaceutical cream and wherein the oleic acid component is present in an amount of about 28% by weight based on the total weight of said pharmaceutical cream.
8. A method of claim 1, said method including the further step of:
forming a premix comprised of imiquimod and the oleic acid component before said preparing of the oil phase preparation.
9. A method of claim 8, said method including the further step of:
adding petrolatum, certyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, polysorbate, sorbitan monostearate to the premix.
10. A method of claim 8, said method including the further step of:
adding BHA to the premix.
11. A method of claim 9, said method including the further steps of:
stirring the premix; and
heating the premix while said stirring to about 55\xb0 C.
12. A method of claim 10, said method including the further steps of:
stirring the premix; and
heating the premix while said stirring to about 55\xb0 C.
13. A method of claim 8, said method including the further step of:
adding benzyl alcohol to the oil phase preparation.
14. A method of claim 9, said method including the further step of:
adding benzyl alcohol to the oil phase preparation.
15. A method of claim 10, said method including the further step of:
adding benzyl alcohol to the oil phase preparation.
16. A method of claim 11, said method including the further step of:
adding benzyl alcohol to the oil phase preparation.
17. A method of claim 1, wherein said homogenizing was for about 5 minutes.
18. A method of claim 1, said method including the further steps of:
forming a paraben premix comprised of methyl hydroxybenzoate, propyl hydroxybenzoate and water before said preparing of the water phase preparation;
stiffing and heating the paraben premix until the methyl hydroxybenzoate and propyl hydroxybenzoate are dissolved in the water; and
cooling the heated and stirred paraben premix in which the methyl hydroxybenzoate and propyl hydroxybenzoate are dissolved.
19. A method of claim 18, said method including the further steps of:
adding glycerin to the cooled paraben premix; and
heating the cooled paraben premix mixed with glycerin to a temperature of about 55\xb0 C.
20. A method of claim 19, said method including the further steps of:
adding xanthan gum to the heated paraben premix mixed with glycerin; and
mixing and heating the heated paraben premix mixed with glycerin and xanthan gum until the xanthan gum is dispersed in the heated paraben premix mixed with glycerin and xanthan gum.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A stable aqueous dispersion comprising:
a multi-branched soil releasewetting agent having an oxygen-containing polyfunctional base compound and at least two surfactant branches attached thereto, wherein each surfactant branch includes at least one hydrophilic and at least one hydrophobic constituent, wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent is in an amount of between 0.05 and 3% by weight of the aqueous dispersion;
particles selected from the group consisting of inorganic, organic, and polymeric particles having a size range between 50 nm and 45 \u03bcm,
wherein the particle dispersion is stabilized for at least 10 days at 40\xb0 C.
2. The stable particle dispersion of claim 1, wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent comprises at least three surfactant branches attached thereto, wherein each surfactant branch includes at least one hydrophilic and at least one hydrophobic constituent.
3. The stable particle dispersion of claim 1, wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated propoxylated triglyceride, ethoxylated propoxylated saccharide, and mixtures thereof.
4. The stable aqueous dispersion of claim 1, wherein the oxygen-containing polyfunctional base compound is selected from the group consisting of a polyol, a polycarboxylic acid, and a lactone.
5. The stable aqueous dispersion of claim 4, wherein the polyfunctional base compound is a polyol selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, pentaertythritol, sucrose, saccharose, galactose, leucrose, fructose, mannose, glucose, glycerol, glycerine and polyethylene glycol.
6. The stable aqueous dispersion of claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion at 25\xb0 C. with Brookfield RVT viscometer, spindle #2 and 50 RPM is between 50 and 800 cps.
7. The stable particle dispersion of claim 1, further comprising a gelling agent comprising tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate.
8. The stable aqueous dispersion of claim 7, wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent is in an amount of between 0.05 and 3.0% by weight of the aqueous dispersion, the gelling agent is in an amount of between 0.05 and 3.0% by weight of the aqueous dispersion.
9. The stable aqueous dispersion of claim 1, wherein the particles are added in an amount of between 0.05 and 3.5% by weight of the aqueous dispersion.
10. The stable aqueous dispersion of claim 1, further comprising a fabric conditioning agent.
11. An enhanced fabric conditioner formulation comprising:
a fabric conditioning agent;
a multi-branched soil releasewetting agent having an oxygen-containing polyfunctional base compound and at least two surfactant branches attached thereto, wherein each surfactant branch includes at least one hydrophilic and at least one hydrophobic constituent, wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent is in an amount of between 0.05 and 3% by weight of the fabric conditioner;
particles selected from the group consisting of inorganic, organic, and polymeric particles having a size range between 50 nm and 45 \u03bcm,
wherein the stable particle dispersion is stable for at least 10 days at 40\xb0 C.
12. The enhanced fabric conditioner of claim 11, wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated propoxylated triglyceride, ethoxylated propoxylated saccharide, and mixtures thereof.
13. The enhanced fabric conditioner of claim 11, wherein the viscosity of the enhanced fabric conditioner at 25\xb0 C. with Brookfield RVT viscometer, spindle #2 and 50 RPM is between 50 and 800 cps.
14. The enhanced fabric conditioner of claim 11, further comprising a gelling agent comprising tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate.
15. The enhanced fabric conditioner of claim 14, wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent is in an amount of between 0.05 and 3.0% by weight of the fabric conditioning agent, the gelling agent is in an amount of between 0.05 and 3.0% by weight of the fabric conditioning agent, and the viscosity at 25\xb0 C. with a Brookfield RVT viscometer, spindle #2 and 50 RPM is between 50 and 800 cps.
16. The enhanced fabric conditioner of claim 11, wherein the enhanced fabric conditioner is biodegradable.
17. The enhanced fabric conditioner of claim 11, wherein the particles are added in an amount of between 0.05 and 3.5% by weight of the fabric conditioning agent.
18. The process of applying enhanced fabric conditioner to a fabric comprising:
washing a fabric with a detergent and water;
adding an enhanced fabric conditioner formulation a rinse cycle, the enhanced fabric conditioner formulation comprising:
an aqueous solution, a fabric conditioning agent, a multi-branched soil releasewetting agent having an oxygen-containing polyfunctional base compound and at least two surfactant branches attached thereto, wherein each surfactant branch includes at least one hydrophilic and at least one hydrophobic constituent, and wherein the multi-branched soil releasewetting agent is in an amount of between 0.05 and 3% by weight of the fabric conditioner, particles selected from the group consisting of inorganic, organic, and polymeric particles having a size range between 50 nm and 45 \u03bcm, wherein the stable particle dispersion is stable for at least 10 days at 40\xb0 C.; and,
removing the water from the treated fabric.
19. The process of claim 18, wherein the dried treated fabric has a dynamic load of between 0.24 and 0.60 Newtons and a static load of between 0.20 and 0.50 Newtons as measured by the AATCC friction test method.
20. The process of claim 18, wherein the enhanced fabric conditioner formulation comprises a gelling agent comprising tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate.

What is claimed is:

1. A heat exchange cell comprising:
a matrix portion;
a header portion in fluid communication with the matrix portion;
a matrix finned member within the matrix portion of the cell; and
a header finned member within the header portion of the cell and having a plurality of fins in a first portion and a second portion, the first and second portions sharing a common boundary, the second portion having more fins at the boundary than the first portion.
2. The cell of claim 1, wherein the first portion has about 50-70% the number of fins of the second portion at the boundary.
3. The cell of claim 1, wherein the second portion has at least twice the number of fins as the first portion at the boundary.
4. The cell of claim 1, wherein the second portion includes an arcuate free edge at least partially defining an acutely-angled portion of the cell.
5. The cell of claim 4, wherein the cell includes a manifold having at least one arcuate edge at least partially defined by the arcuate free edge.
6. The cell of claim 1, wherein the cell includes a manifold having at least one arcuate edge, and wherein an end of the second portion of the header finned member extends along the arcuate edge.
7. The cell of claim 1, wherein the cell is adapted to exchange heat from a hot fluid outside of the cell to a cool fluid within the cell, wherein the header portion of the cell conducts a flow of the cool fluid into the matrix portion, and wherein the majority of heat transfer between the hot fluid and cool fluid occurs within the matrix portion.
8. The cell of claim 1, wherein the cell wall further comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, and wherein the fins of the first and second portions are metallurgically bonded to the upper and lower plates.
9. A heat exchanger cell comprising:
top and bottom plates each including a manifold opening, the top and bottom plates being positioned relative to one another to align their respective manifold openings in stacked relation with each other;
a matrix finned member disposed between the top and bottom plates and at least partially defining matrix channels for the flow of fluid between the top and bottom plates in a first direction; and
a header finned member in fluid communication between the manifold opening and the matrix finned member to deliver the flow of fluid therebetween, the header finned member including a plurality of fins disposed within a first portion and a second portion, the first and second portions sharing a boundary, the first portion having a first quantity of fins along the boundary and the second portion having a second quantity of fins along the boundary, the first quantity being different than the second quantity.
10. The cell of claim 9, wherein the first portion has about 50-70% the number of fins of the second portion along the boundary.
11. The cell of claim 9, wherein the second portion has at least twice the number of fins as the first portion along the boundary.
12. The cell of claim 9, wherein the second portion includes an arcuate free edge at least partially defining an acutely-angled portion of the cell.
13. The cell of claim 12, wherein the cell includes a manifold having at least one arcuate edge at least partially defined by the arcuate free edge.
14. The cell of claim 9, wherein the fins of the first and second portions are metallurgically bonded to the upper and lower plates.
15. A heat exchange cell comprising:
first and second plates, each plate having an inlet aperture and an outlet aperture, the upper and lower plates positioned such that the inlet apertures are aligned to at least partially define an inlet manifold and the outlet apertures are aligned with one another to at least partially define an outlet manifold;
a first header finned member metallurgically bounded to the first and second plates and having a first portion and a second portion sharing a boundary, the first portion disposed adjacent the inlet aperture and having a first quantity of fins at the boundary, the second portion having a second quantity of fins at the boundary, the second fin quantity being less than the first quantity; and
a second header finned member metallurgically bounded to the first and second plates and having a first portion and a second portion sharing a boundary, the first portion disposed adjacent the outlet aperture and having a first quantity of fins at the boundary, the second portion having a second quantity of fins at the boundary, the second fin quantity being less than the first quantity;
16. The cell of claim 15, wherein the first portion of the first and second header finned members have about 50-70% the number of fins of the second portions of the first and second header finned members along their respective boundaries.
17. The cell of claim 15, wherein the second portions of the first and second header finned members have at least twice the number of fins as the first portion of the first and second header finned members along their respective boundaries.
18. The cell of claim 15, wherein the second portion of the first and second header finned members each include an arcuate free edge at least partially defining an acutely-angled portion of the cell.
19. The cell of claim 18, wherein each of the manifolds includes at least arcuate edge at least partially defined by the arcuate free edges.
20. A method for accommodating a pressure load within a heat exchange cell including upper and lower plates defining a manifold and having an arcuate edge, and including fins mounted to both the upper and lower plates, the fin spacing along the arcuate edge being a function of the shape of the arcuate edge and increasing as the fins approach a tangential relationship to the arcuate edge, the method comprising the steps of:
introducing a pressurized fluid into the cell;
biasing the plates away from each other under the influence of the pressurized fluid and thereby applying a tension force in the fins;
increasing the number of fins where the fins approach a tangential relationship to the arcuate edge; and
reducing the number of fins away from the arcuate edge to reduce pressure losses in the fluid.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the fins include a first finned portion spaced from the arcuate edge, and a second finned portion extending along the arcuate edge and communicating between the manifold and the first finned portion, wherein the increasing step includes increasing the number of fins in the second finned portion, and wherein the reducing step includes reducing the number of fins in the first finned portion.
22. The method of claim 21, further comprising aligning the fins of the respective first and second finned portions parallel to each other.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A solid state image pickup device comprising:
a semiconductor layer having a pixel region and a peripheral circuit region, the pixel region including a photo-electric conversion device;
a wiring layer over a first surface side of the semiconductor layer, the first surface being opposite to a light-receiving surface side;
a back side layer of a first conductivity type formed at least in a surface layer of the light-receiving surface side in the pixel region of the semiconductor layer;
a photo-electric conversion region of a second conductivity type formed in the semiconductor layer;
a first well of the first conductivity type in said peripheral circuit region, said first well extending into said semiconductor layer from said first surface side; and
a second well of the second conductivity type adjacent to the first well in the peripheral circuit region.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first well and the second well do not reach the back side layer in the peripheral circuit region.
3. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
a third well of the first conductivity type between the photo-electric conversion region and the peripheral circuit region.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein the third well extends from the light-receiving surface side to the back side layer.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the photo-electric conversion device includes the photo-electric conversion region and a charge accumulating region.
6. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
a substrate on a surface side of the wiring layer opposite to the semiconductor layer side.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein a second layer of the first conductivity type is formed on a surface layer of the first surface side in the semiconductor layer.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the photo-electric conversion region extends from the first surface side to the back side layer.
9. The device of claim 7, wherein the wiring layer includes a gate electrode which transfers signal charge from the photo-electric conversion device, and the semiconductor substrate includes an isolation layer below the gate electrode and adjacent to the second layer.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein a surface area in the light-receiving surface side of the photo-electric conversion region is larger than a surface area in the first surface side of the photo-electric conversion region.
11. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
a light-shielding film over the light-receiving surface side of the semiconductor layer to cover the pixel region and the peripheral circuit region, the light-shielding film having an opening over the photo-electric conversion region.
12. The device of claim 10, wherein incident light is transmissible through said opening and onto said the light-receiving surface side.
13. The device of claim 11, further comprising:
a insulating film between the semiconductor layer and the light-shielding film.
14. The device of claim 1, wherein said first conductivity type is P-type.
15. The device of claim 1, wherein said second conductivity type is N-type.