Author: claimsbot

1. A method for fabricating one or more semiconductor devices according to a semiconductor design on a semiconductor wafer comprising:
coating the semiconductor wafer with photoresist;
producing a common alignment mark on the photoresist coating the semiconductor wafer for use in both e-beam direct writing and optical exposure lithography;
creating critical dimension (CD) areas of the semiconductor design on the semiconductor wafer with electron (e-) beam direct writing, the CD areas including CD’s that are geometries and spacings used to monitor pattern size and ensure that the pattern size is within specification; and,
creating non-CD areas of the semiconductor design on the semiconductor with optical exposure lithography.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein e-beam direct writing comprises e-beam direct writing the CD areas on the photoresist coating the semiconductor wafer.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein optical exposure lithography comprises:
aligning a photomask having the non-CD areas of the semiconductor design over the photoresist coating the semiconductor wafer; and,
exposing the photoresist coating the semiconductor wafer with a light source through the photomask.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising developing the photoresist coating the semiconductor wafer to partially remove the photoresist in accordance with the semiconductor design.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the photoresist is sensitive to both e-beam direct writing and optical exposure lithography using a same developer to partially move the photoresist.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the photoresist is one of positive photoresist and negative photoresist.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein optical exposure lithography comprising using stepper and scanner semiconductor photolithographic equipment.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein e-beam writing comprises one of scanner e-beam writing and vector e-beam writing.
9. The method of claim 1, further initially comprising separating the CD’s areas of the semiconductor design on a first layer from the non-CD areas of the semiconductor design on a second layer by applying a CD rule governing which of a plurality of dimensions of the semiconductor design are the CD’s.
10. The method of claim 1, further initially comprising defining the CD’s areas of the semiconductor design on a first layer as gate-shrink polysilicon areas of polysilicon gate layers of the semiconductor design, and defining the non-CD areas of the semiconductor design on a second layer as non-gate shrink polysilicon areas of the polysilicon gate layers.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A detachable assembly for installing and detaching a memory module having a printed circuit board in a memory slot, the printed circuit board defining a terminal portion and a free portion arranged opposite the terminal portion, comprising:
a plurality of metal parts disposed on the free portion of the printed circuit board, wherein the terminal portion of the printed circuit board includes a plurality of ground terminals;
wherein metal traces are disposed on a first surface and a second surface of the printed circuit board, and an end of one of the metal traces is directly connected to the metal parts and the other end is directly connected to the ground terminal,
wherein each of the plurality of metal parts is an L-shaped metal sleeve, the L-shaped metal sleeve has an L-shaped accommodating space therein, and the L-shaped accommodating space receives a corner of the free portion of the printed circuit board;
wherein the printed circuit board has a first surface and an oppositely arranged second surface, the first surface and the second surface each has a first corner and a second corner arranged proximate to the terminal portion and have a third corner and a fourth corner arranged away from the terminal portion, the metal parts are respectively disposed on the third corner of the first surface, the fourth corner of the first surface, the third corner of the second surface, and the fourth corner of the second surface;
wherein the metal parts are a plurality of metal sleeves, the metal sleeves envelop the free portion of the printed circuit board and respectively envelop the third corners of the first and second surfaces and the fourth corners of the first and second surfaces.
2. The detachable assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the metal parts are arranged with a predetermined distance therebetween for exerting even force thereon.
3. The detachable assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the metal parts are copper foil.
4. The detachable assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the third and fourth corners of the first surface has a first coupling structure, each of the third and fourth corners of the second surface has a second coupling structure, and each of the metal sleeves has a first retaining structure corresponding to the first coupling structure and a second retaining structure corresponding to the second coupling structure.
5. The detachable assembly as recited in claim 4, wherein each of the metal sleeves has a base wall and an annular side wall connected to the base wall, the first retaining structure and the second retaining structure are oppositely arranged on an inner portion of the annular side wall.
6. A memory module, comprising:
a printed circuit board including a terminal portion and a free portion arranged away from the terminal portion; and
a detachable assembly including a plurality of metal parts disposed on the free portion, wherein the terminal portion of the printed circuit board includes a plurality of ground terminals;
wherein metal traces are disposed on a first surface and a second surface of the printed circuit board, and an end of one of the metal traces is directly connected to the metal parts and the other end is directly connected to the ground terminal,
wherein each of the plurality of metal parts is an L-shaped metal sleeve, the L-shaped metal sleeve has an L-shaped accommodating space therein, and the L-shaped accommodating space receives a corner of the free portion of the printed circuit board;
wherein the printed circuit board has a first surface and an oppositely arranged second surface, the first surface and the second surface each has a first corner and a second corner arranged proximate to the terminal portion and have a third corner and a fourth corner arranged away from the terminal portion, the metal parts are respectively disposed on the third corner of the first surface, the fourth corner of the first surface, the third corner of the second surface, and the fourth corner of the second surface;
wherein the metal parts are a plurality of metal sleeves, the metal sleeves envelop the free portion of the printed circuit board and respectively envelop the third corners of the first and second surfaces and the fourth corners of the first and second surfaces.
7. The memory module as recited in claim 6, wherein the metal parts are arranged with a predetermined distance therebetween for exerting even force thereon.
8. The memory module as recited in claim 6, wherein the metal parts are copper foil.
9. The memory module as recited in claim 6, wherein each of the third and fourth corners of the first surface has a first coupling structure, each of the third and fourth corners of the second surface has a second coupling structure, and each of the metal sleeves has a first retaining structure corresponding to the first coupling structure and a second retaining structure corresponding to the second coupling structure.
10. The memory module as recited in claim 9, wherein each of the metal sleeves has a base wall and an annular side wall connected to the base wall, the first retaining structure and the second retaining structure are oppositely arranged on an inner portion of the annular side wall.
11. A memory module, comprising:
a printed circuit board including a terminal portion and a free portion arranged away from the terminal portion; and
a detachable assembly including a plurality of metal parts disposed on the free portion, wherein each of the metal parts is a metal sleeve comprising a space therein, and shape of the space matches shape of one corner of the printed circuit board,
wherein each of the plurality of metal parts is an L-shaped metal sleeve, the L-shaped metal sleeve has an L-shaped accommodating space therein, and the L-shaped accommodating space receives a corner of the free portion of the printed circuit board;
wherein the printed circuit board has a first surface and an oppositely arranged second surface, the first surface and the second surface each has a first corner and a second corner arranged proximate to the terminal portion and have a third corner and a fourth corner arranged away from the terminal portion, the metal parts are respectively disposed on the third corner of the first surface, the fourth corner of the first surface, the third corner of the second surface, and the fourth corner of the second surface;
wherein the metal parts are a plurality of metal sleeves, the metal sleeves envelop the free portion of the printed circuit board and respectively envelop the third corners of the first and second surfaces and the fourth corners of the first and second surfaces.

1. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection, comprising a plurality of processing regions for carrying out various processes for reaction or detection of a support for substances for detection, an installing section for installing said support for substances for detection in a manner that enables dismounting, transfer means for transferring said substances for detection between said processing regions, with said support for substances for detection installed in said installing section, and a control section for controlling so as to transfer said substances for detection in a predetermined order and in a predetermined timing.
2. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 1, wherein said transfer means transfers said substances for detection, together with said installing means.
3. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 2, wherein said installing section comprises a container for holding said support for substances for detection, and said container is communicated with a small diameter section capable of being inserted into a processing region such as a vessel, and is detachably mounted in a dispensing device comprising a drawingdischarging mechanism capable of adjusting the pressure in said container.
4. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 1, wherein said installing section installs said support for substances for detection so that said base member supported on said feed support section of said supporting member can be fed, and said transfer means transfers substances for detection between said processing regions, by feeding only said base member in the direction of the length, with said feed support section installed in said installing section.
5. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 4, wherein said transfer means comprises a feed mechanism connected to said feed support section of said support for substances for detection for feeding said base member.
6. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 1, wherein said installing section installs said supporting member of said support for substances for detection and said transfer means comprises inter-region transfer means for transferring said supporting member between said processing regions together with said installing section, and a feed mechanism for feeding only said base member in the direction of the length with said supporting member installed in said installing section, and connected to said feed support section, and said substances for detection are transferred between processing regions, by using said inter-region transfer means and said feed mechanism.
7. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein vessels accommodating a variety of liquid are provided in said processing regions.
8. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 7, wherein thermostatic control means for controlling temperature in one or more vessels is installed in one or more vessels.
9. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 8, further comprising vibrating means for vibrating said vessel or said support for substances for detection in said vessel.
10. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 7, wherein one or more vessels accommodate a cleaning liquid.
11. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 7, comprising drying means for drying said support for substances for detection, in one of said processing regions.
12. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, further comprising detection means for detecting a change in said support for substances for detection.
13. An apparatus for processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, further comprising an analyzer for automatically designating relevant substances for detection on the basis of locations on said base member where a change such as light emission generated by a reaction with a suspension incorporating target substances is detected, and analyzing or examining a structure of the target substances on the basis of a structure or characteristics of said substances for detection.
14. A method of processing a support for substances for detection, comprising the steps of:
installing a support for substances for detection in an installing section in a way that enables dismounting,
transferring substances for detection between a plurality of processing regions for processes of reaction or detection, and
processing said support for substances for detection in each processing region,
and a series of processes for said substances for detection are carried out by repeating said transferring step and said processing step.
15. Method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 14, wherein said substances for detection are transferred together with said installing section, at said transferring step:
16. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 14, wherein at said transferring step said support for substances for detection is transferred together with an installing section, with said support installed into said installing section, and said installing section comprises a container for holding said support for substances for detection, and said container is communicated with a small diameter section capable of being inserted into a processing region such as a vessel, and is detachably mounted in a dispensing device comprising a drawingdischarging mechanism capable of adjusting the pressure in said container.
17. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 14, wherein at said installing step said support for substances for detection is installed so that said base member supported on said feed support section of said support for substances for detection can be fed, and at said transferring step said substances for detection are transferred between processing regions by feeding only said base member in the direction of the length thereof with said support for substances for detection installed in said installing section.
18. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 17, wherein at said transfer step said base member of said support for substances for detection is fed in a direction of the length of said base member, and said substances for detection are transferred between said processing regions, by connecting the feed support section to the feed mechanism and feeding.
19. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 17, wherein at said transferring step said supporting member of said support for substances for detection is transferred together with said installing section between said processing regions, and is rotated by connecting to said feed mechanism and only said base member is fed in a direction of the length, so that said substances for detection are transferred between said processing regions.
20. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19, wherein said processes in said processing regions are carried out in respective vessels accommodating a variety of liquid.
21. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19, wherein said processing step comprises a temperature control step for controlling temperature in said vessels.
22. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19, wherein said processing step comprises a vibrating step for vibrating said vessel or said support for substances for detection.
23. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19, wherein said processing step comprises a drying step for drying said support for substances for detection to improve accuracy of detecting light emission.
24. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claims 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19, wherein said processing step comprises a reacting step for reacting a suspension incorporating target substances with said substances for detection, and a detecting step for detecting a change such as light emission in said support for substances for detection, and further comprises an analyzing step for designating a relevant substance for detection on the basis of detected locations of the substances for detection on said base member, and analyzing a structure of a target substance on the basis of the structure of said substances for detection.
25. A method of processing a support for substances for detection according to claim 24, wherein said detection step is carried out with said base member supported on said supporting member, in a state with said base member expanded, or in a state with said base member being fed.
26. An apparatus for making a support for substances for detection comprising,
a dispensing device having one or more conduits and drawingdischarging means for adjusting a pressure in said conduits,
a regeneration section for cleaning or exchanging said conduits,
a vessel having a plurality of liquid containing portions accommodating suspensions incorporating a variety of substances for detection and into which said conduit can be inserted,
a stage for arranging and stretching in parallel one or more base members which is to be dispensed, spotted, painted, or imprinted with liquid from said dispensing device,
a displacement device which enables the movement of said conduits relative to said regeneration section, said vessels, said stage and said base member, and
a control section for controlling said displacement device and said drawingdischarging means,
and said control section controls in a manner that positions each suspension on one or more base members, in substantially perpendicular directions to the length of the base member, along thin parallel lines, while keeping the lines from contact with neighboring lines, by repeating drawing, discharging, and displacement of each suspension incorporating the substances for detection, and cleaning or exchanging said conduits.
27. An apparatus for making a support for substances for detection comprising
a printing device having one or more conduits, one or more reservoirs accommodating suspensions incorporating various substances for detection and communicated with said conduits, and discharging means for discharging a suspension by adjusting a pressure within said conduits or reservoirs,
a regeneration section for cleaning or exchanging said conduits and reservoirs,
a stage for arranging and stretching one or more base members to be printed by said printing device,
a displacement device which enables the movement of said conduits relative to said regeneration section, said vessels, said stage and said base member, and
a control section for controlling said displacement device and said discharging means,
wherein said control section controls in a manner that positions each suspension, on one or more base members, in a substantially perpendicular direction to the length of said base member, along thin parallel lines, keeping each line from contact with the other lines, by repeating discharging and displacement of the suspensions incorporating substances for detection, and cleaning or exchanging said conduits.
28. An apparatus for making a support for substances for detection comprising,
one or more liquid retention tips such as a grooved needle, a pipe, a pen nib, or a linear imprinting part,
a regeneration section for cleaning or exchanging said liquid retention tip,
a vessel having a plurality of liquid containing portions accommodating suspensions incorporating a variety of substances for detection and into which said liquid retention tip can be inserted,
a stage for arranging and stretching in parallel one or more base members to be painted, written, stained, or imprinted by said liquid retention tip,
a displacement device which enables the movement of said liquid retention tip relative to said regeneration section, said vessels, said base member, and said stage, and
a control section for controlling said displacement device,
wherein said control section controls in a manner that positions each suspension, on one or more base members, in a substantially perpendicular direction to the length of the base member, along thin parallel lines, while keeping each line from contact with the other lines, by repeating holding and displacement of each suspension incorporating the substances for detection, and cleaning or exchanging said liquid retention tip.
29. An apparatus for making a support for substances for detection according to claims 26, 27, or 28, wherein said control section controls said conduits or said liquid retention tip drawing, holding or storing a particular type of suspension, so as to position each suspension incorporating a substance for detection, along a parallel line while keeping each line from contact with the other lines, by repeating in order dispensing, painting, imprinting, staining, writing, or printing of each type of suspension along lines in a direction perpendicular to the length of said base member from a fixed location where one or more base members are mounted in parallel, and exchanging or cleaning said conduit or liquid retention tip by said regeneration section, until all types of different suspensions are completed, for each position moved incrementally from said fixed location.
30. A method of making a support for substances for detection, comprising the steps of: arranging and stretching one or more base members in parallel on a plane, positioning each substance for detection on said base members by dispensing, painting, staining, imprinting, writing or printing each suspension respectively incorporating a variety of substances for detection in many parallel thin lines, while keeping each line from contact with the other lines, and supporting said base members fixed with the substances for detection on a supporting member, wherein a fixed location of said substance for detection corresponds with the chemical structure thereof.
31. A method of making a support for substances for detection according to claim 30, wherein said positioning step repeats in order;
a step for drawing or holding a suspension incorporating a particular type of substance for detection by moving to and inserting a conduit or a liquid retention tip into a vessel accommodating the suspension,
a step for dispensing, painting, staining, imprinting, or writing the suspension in a direction substantially perpendicular to the length of the base member while displacing said conduit or said liquid retention tip from a predetermined location of said base member, and
a regeneration step for cleaning or exchanging said conduit or liquid retention tip,
so that each suspension incorporating substances for detection, is positioned in parallel lines while keeping each line from contacting the other lines.
32. A method of making a support for substances for detection according to claim 30, wherein said positioning step repeats in order;
a step for printing a suspension incorporating a particular type of substance for detection by displacing a conduit communicated with a reservoir accommodating the suspension, while displacing the conduit from a predetermined location of said base member in a direction substantially perpendicular to the length of said base member, and
a regeneration step for cleaning or exchanging said conduit and reservoir,
so that each suspension incorporating substance for detection, is positioned in parallel lines while keeping each line from contacting with the other lines.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method, comprising:
receiving a minitransaction from a client node at one or more memory nodes, each memory node comprising a plurality of replicas;
wherein the minitransaction comprises a type of transaction which atomically executes any combination of reading, comparing, and writing to any of a plurality of memory locations;
determining, for a leader of the plurality of replicas within a memory node, whether the leader is able to commit the minitransaction;
stabilizing state changes of the minitransaction within a transaction log using a consensus procedure to update the plurality of replicas;
committing the minitransaction if, at each memory node, a quorum of the plurality of replicas is able to stabilize the minitransaction; and
aborting the minitransaction otherwise.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the leader of the plurality of replicas may change at any time, multiple leaders may exist at any one time, the client node may fail, and a minority of the plurality of replicas may fail.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein stabilizing the state changes of the minitransaction within the transaction log using the consensus procedure comprises applying a Paxos agreement protocol across the plurality of replicas.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the minitransaction from the client node at the one or more memory nodes comprises receiving a prepare message for the minitransaction at the one or more memory nodes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the leader is able to commit the minitransaction comprises the leader of the plurality of replicas locking the transaction log and comparison set matching values stored in the leader.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the leader is able to commit the minitransaction comprises performing a stabilization procedure, wherein the stabilization procedure applies Paxos consensus on a transaction log entry within the memory node, and the client node learns the result of the stabilization procedure.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein committing the minitransaction if, at each memory node, a quorum of the replicas is able to stabilize the minitransaction comprises receiving a commit outcome from the client node at each memory node.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein aborting the minitransaction otherwise comprises receiving an abort outcome from the client node at each memory node.
9. The method of claim 1, comprising updating a state of each of the plurality of replicas to a most recent state by processing and installing in order the state changes of all successfully committed minitransactions in the transaction log.
10. A system, comprising:
a client node configured to generate a transaction and send the transaction to one or more memory nodes, wherein each memory node comprises an address space of shared memory and a plurality of replicas, and wherein the transaction is a minitransaction;
each memory node configured to:
receive the transaction from the client node, wherein a leader of the plurality of replicas is configured to stabilize the transaction if the leader is able to commit the transaction;
stabilize state changes of the transaction in a transaction log using a consensus procedure to update the plurality of replicas;
commit the transaction if, at each memory node, a quorum of the plurality of replicas is able to stabilize the state changes; and
abort the transaction if, at each memory node, the quorum of the plurality of replicas is unable to commit the transaction.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the leader of the plurality of replicas may change at any time, multiple leaders may exist at any one time, the client node may fail, and a minority of the plurality of replicas may fail.
12. The system of claim 10, wherein each memory node comprises a plurality of consensus-based replicas, and wherein the plurality of consensus-based replicas comprise a plurality of replicas that utilize a Paxos consensus algorithm to perform the consensus procedure.
13. The system of claim 12, comprising updating a state of each of the plurality of replicas to a most recent state by installing the state changes of successfully committed transactions in order of the transaction log until a most recent undecided transaction.
14. The system of claim 10, wherein the transaction comprises a transaction instruction set, comprising at least one of:
a write subset having at least one write member, wherein the write member comprises a memory node identifier, a memory address, and write data;
a compare subset having at least one compare member, wherein the compare member comprises a memory node identifier, a memory address range, and compare data;
a read subset having at least one read member, comprising a memory node identifier and a memory address range; or
any combination of the write subset, the compare subset, and the read subset.
15. The system of claim 10, wherein the transaction utilizes a replicated transaction log that is replicated to a separate degree from a replication degree of a memory node state.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein there is a separate transaction log per page or chunk of memory to allow concurrency among transactions.
17. The system of claim 10, comprising a reaper configured to check for stalled transactions and to attempt to complete the stalled transactions.
18. A tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a protocol adapted to execute state-machine replication and transaction commitment within a memory node, wherein the memory node comprises a plurality of replicas, and wherein the protocol comprises instructions to direct a processor to:
receive a transaction from a client node at one or more memory nodes, wherein the transaction is a minitransaction;
determine, for a leader of the plurality of replicas, whether the leader is able to commit the transaction;
stabilize an update set of the transaction in a transaction log using a Paxos consensus procedure across the replicas;
vote to commit the transaction if a quorum of the plurality of replicas at all of the one or more memory nodes is able to commit the transaction and state changes of the transaction are stable in the transaction log; and
vote to abort the transaction if any of the one or more memory nodes is unable to commit the transaction.
19. The tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the transaction log comprises a plurality of transaction logs, and wherein each of the plurality of transaction logs corresponds to a memory region or page of a predetermined size within the memory node that is affected by the transaction.
20. The tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the plurality of transaction logs may be executed in parallel as long as the plurality of transaction logs do not utilize a same memory region or a same page within the memory node.