Author: claimsbot

1. A method of selecting an IOL to be implanted in the eye of a subject comprising:
a) determining an axial eye length and a pupil size at a desired light level and determining at least one of a desired postoperative refraction and a desired postoperative spherical aberration;
b) determining an aspheric representation of a corneal curvature;
c) selecting an IOL with predetermined power and asphericity, and determining a location of the lens haptic plane (LHP);
d) employing the results of previous sections to establish an eye model for the eye of the subject, the eye model including the axial eye length, the pupil size, the aspheric representation of the corneal curvature, and the LHP;
e) computing with a ray tracing routine and the axial eye length, the pupil size, the aspheric representation of the corneal curvature, and the LHP of said eye model, an expected at least one of a postoperative refraction and postoperative spherical aberration;
f) in the case that the at least one of the expected postoperative refraction and postoperative spherical aberration is not within a predetermined criteria, selecting another IOL with different power andor asphericity and repeating steps d) and e) until the at least one of the expected postoperative refraction and postoperative spherical aberrations is within the at least one of the desired postoperative refraction and desired postoperative spherical aberration; and
g) selecting, for implantation, an implantable IOL of the nearest power and asphericity available.
2. The method of to claim 1 wherein the determining the axial eye length comprises transforming a measured axial eye length to a human population average scale by addition of a transformation constant.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected implantable IOL has at least one aspheric curvature.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected implantable IOL has spherical curvatures.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the aspheric representation of the cornea curvature comprises corneal topography andor tomography.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the aspheric representation of the cornea includes a k value for at least one corneal surface in combination with additional modifying terms.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the aspheric representation of the cornea includes a k value for both anterior and posterior corneal surfaces.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the computing with the ray tracing routine includes utilizing a focusing ray entering the pupil at 1\u221a{square root over (2)} an entrance pupil height.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the computing with the ray tracing routine includes tracing a marginal ray and a paraxial ray to determine the midpoint between a foci of the marginal ray and a foci of the paraxial ray, as best focus of the eye model.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the computing with the ray tracing routine includes tracing a marginal ray and a paraxial ray to determine the distance between a foci of the marginal ray and a foci of the paraxial ray as a metric for image quality.
11. The method of claim 3, wherein the selected implantable IOL is described as having at least one surface described as modified conicoid according to the following formula:
x
=
(

1
R

)

\u2062

y
2
1
+
1
–
k
\u2061

(

1
R

)
2

\u2062

y
2
+
a
4

\u2062

y
4
+
a
6

\u2062

y
6
+
\u2026
wherein R is the radius of curvature at the apex, k is the conic constant, y is the radial distance from the optical axis and x is the sag in the direction of light propagation.
12. The method of claim 4, wherein the eye of the subject has an oblate anterior corneal surface with a k value >1, or wherein the eye of the subject has a hyperboloid corneal surface with a k value <0.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising measuring an anterior corneal apex radius, and wherein the determining the location of the lens haptic plane (LHP) comprises utilizing the corneal apex radius.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising measuring both anterior and posterior corneal apex radii, and wherein the determining the location of the lens haptic plane (LHP) comprises utilizing the anterior and posterior corneal apex radii.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein, the location of the lens haptic plane is determined with a prediction algorithm that comprises input values of measured axial eye length and at least one of the measured corneal radius and a corneal power (K).
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the prediction algorithm is of the type
LHP=a+b\xd7AL+c\xd7ACD+d\xd7LT+e\xd7CR+f\xd7AL2+g\xd7ACD2+h\xd7LT2+i\xd7CR2+j\xd7AL\xd7ACD+k\xd7AL\xd7LT+l\xd7AL\xd7CR +m\xd7ACD\xd7LT+n\xd7ACD\xd7CR+o\xd7LT\xd7CR
wherein AL is the axial eye length, CR the corneal radius, or alternatively corneal power (K), ACD the anterior chamber depth, and LT the crystalline lens thickness.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein said prediction algorithm for the determining the location of the lens haptic plane in millimeters is
LHP=2.486+0.2174\xd7(AL+\u0394AL)\u22120.4213\xd7CR
wherein AL is the measured axial eye length, \u0394AL is a transformation constant, which is specific for the equipment used to measure AL, and CR is the measured corneal radius.
18. The method of claim 1, wherein the location of the lens haptic plane is directly determined.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the location of the lens haptic plane is determined by ultrasound biomicroscopy.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein the location of the lens haptic plane is determined by optical coherence tomography.
21. The method of claim 18, wherein the location of the lens haptic plane is determined by Scheimpflug photography.
22. The method of claim 1, wherein the eye of the subject has undergone refractive corneal surgery thereby obtaining an oblate corneal surface.
23. The method of claim 1, wherein the eye of the subject has undergone refractive corneal surgery thereby obtaining a hyperbolic corneal surface.
24. The method of claim 1 wherein the selecting the implantable IOL comprises designing the implantable IOL to result in the at least one of the desired postoperative refraction and the desired postoperative spherical aberration.
25. The method of claim 1, wherein the desired light level comprises mesopic light conditions.
26. An eye model suitable for selecting at least one combination of power and asphericity of an intraocular lens to be implanted in an eye of a subject, comprising:
an axial eye length based on a measured axial eye length transformed to a human population average scale by addition of a transformation constant;
a pupil size at a desired light level;
an aspheric representation of at least one corneal curvature;
a lens haptic plane location for fixation of the intraocular lens following implantation; and
a ray tracing routine configured to calculate an expected at least one of a postoperative refraction and postoperative spherical aberration based at least in part on the axial eye length, the pupil size, the aspheric representation of the at least one corneal curvature, and the lens haptic plane location; and
wherein the eye model is stored on a tangible computer readable memory.
27. An eye model according to claim 26, wherein the aspheric representation of the at least one corneal curvature is derived from corneal topography andor tomography.
28. An eye model according to claim 27, wherein the aspheric representation of the at least one cornea curvature includes a k value for at least one corneal surface in combination with additional modifying terms.
29. An eye model according to claim 27, wherein the aspheric representation of the at least one cornea curvature includes a k value for both anterior and posterior corneal surfaces.
30. An eye model according to claim 28, wherein the aspheric representation of the at least one cornea curvature includes a k value >1 referring to a corneal oblate anterior corneal surface.
31. An eye model according to claim 26, wherein, the lens haptic plane location is obtained with a prediction algorithm that includes input values of measured axial eye length and at least one of a measured corneal radius and a corneal power (K).
32. An eye model according to claim 31, wherein the prediction algorithm is of the type
LHP=a+b\xd7AL+c\xd7ACD+d\xd7LT+e\xd7CR +f\xd7AL2+g\xd7ACD2+h\xd7LT2+i\xd7CR2+j\xd7AL\xd7ACD+k\xd7AL\xd7LT+l\xd7AL\xd7CR +m\xd7ACD\xd7LT+n\xd7ACD\xd7CR+o\xd7LT\xd7CR
wherein AL is the axial eye length, CR the corneal radius, or alternatively corneal power (K), ACD the anterior chamber depth, and LT the crystalline lens thickness.
33. An eye model according to claim 31, wherein said prediction algorithm for the obtaining the lens haptic plane location in millimeters is
LHP=2.486+0.2174\xd7(AL+\u0394AL)\u22120.4213\xd7CR

wherein AL is the measured axial eye length, \u0394AL is a transformation constant, which is specific for the equipment used to measure AL, and CR is the measured corneal radius.
34. An eye model according to claim 26, wherein the lens haptic plane location is directly determined.
35. An eye model according to claim 34, wherein the lens haptic plane location is determined by means of ultrasound biomicroscopy.
36. An eye model according to claim 34, wherein the lens haptic plane location is determined by means of optical coherence tomography.
37. An eye model according to claim 34, wherein the lens haptic plane location is determined by means of Scheimpflug photography.
38. A method of selecting an IOL to be implanted in the eye of a subject comprising:
a) determining an axial eye length, a pupil size at a desired light level;
b) determining an aspheric representation at least one corneal surface;
c) selecting a first IOL and determining a location of a plane of fixation of the first IOL following implantation;
d) establishing an eye model;
e) based on the eye model, the first selected IOL, the axial eye length, the pupil size, the aspheric representation of the corneal curvature, and the plane of fixation, calculating an amount of postoperative spherical aberration using a ray tracing routine;
f) based on e), selecting an implantation IOL to provide a selected amount of postoperative spherical aberration.
39. The method of claim 38, wherein the selecting the implantation IOL further comprises:
selecting a second IOL to replace the first IOL and repeating e) and f) until the calculated amount of postoperative spherical aberration is sufficiently close to the selected amount.
40. A method of selecting an IOL to be implanted in the eye of a subject, comprising:
determining one or more ocular dimensions based on one or more measurements of at least one eye;
selecting a desired postoperative refractive outcome;
selecting first IOL having at least one of a power, an aspheric profile, and a lens plane;
establishing an eye model based on the one or more characteristics of the at least one eye;
determining a location of the lens plane;
performing a calculation to determine a predicted postoperative refractive outcome based on the eye model, a ray tracing algorithm, the location of the lens plane, and the selected first IOL;
comparing the predicted postoperative refractive outcome to the desired refractive outcome;
based on the comparison, repeating the calculation with at least a second selected IOL having at least one of a different power, a different aspheric profile, and a different lens plane; and
selecting an implantable IOL configured for implantation into the eye of a subject based at least in part on the repeated calculation.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein the desired postoperative refractive outcome comprises providing distant vision.
42. The method of claim 40, wherein the desired postoperative refractive outcome comprises reducing an optical aberration of the eye.
43. The method of claim 40, wherein the lens plane is a lens haptic plane.
44. The method of claim 40, wherein the selected implantable has an aspheric surface with a predetermined aspheric surface profile.
45. The method of claim 40, wherein the one or more characteristics of the at least one eye comprises an ocular pupil size.
46. A computer system for selecting an IOL for placement into an eye of a subject, comprising:
a processor; and
a computer readable memory coupled to the processor, the memory having stored therein:
an array of ordered values, including:
one or more ocular dimensions;
a desired refractive outcome;
at least one of a power, an aspheric profile, and a lens plane of one or more IOLs;
parameters of an eye model based on one or more characteristics of at least one eye;
sequences of instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to select an implantable IOL configured for implantation into the eye of the subject, the sequences of instructions configured to:
determine a location of the lens plane;
perform a calculation to determine a predicted postoperative refractive outcome based on the eye model, the location of the lens plane, and a ray tracing algorithm;
compare the predicted postoperative refractive outcome to the desired refractive outcome;
based on the comparison, repeat the calculation with an IOL having at least one of a different power, a different aspheric profile, and a different lens plane.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. Cover for an electrical cable and a part of an electrical cables wherein the cover and the part consists of a polymer composition comprising a thermoplastic copolyetherester elastomer comprising 75 85 wt. % soft segments derived from poly(tetrahydrofuran) diol (pTHF) having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 2500-4000 kgkmol.
2. Cover or part according to claim 1, wherein the copolyetherester contains a hard segment from polybutyleneterephtalate.
3. Cover or part according to of claim 1, wherein thermoplastic copolyetherester elastomer comprises 77-83 wt. % pTHF.
4. Cover or part according to claim 1, wherein the pTHF has a number average molecular weight of between 2750 and 3750 kgkmol.
5. Part according to claim 1, wherein the part is a strain relief.

1. A method of link adaptation in a mobile radiocommunication system, said method comprising:
calculating a first average of radio measurement results representing radio conditions over a relatively short period, or
calculating a second average of radio measurement results representing radio conditions over a relatively longer period, and
selecting a coding andor modulation scheme based on said first or second average, wherein a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme is selected based on said first average if radio conditions are degrading rapidly, or a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme is selected based on said second average if radio conditions are not degrading rapidly, otherwise a less rugged coding andor modulation scheme is selected based on said second average.
2. The method claimed in claim 1, wherein said selection is based on a first threshold value for determining if radio conditions have degraded rapidly and a second threshold value for determining if radio conditions have not degraded rapidly, said second threshold value being relatively higher or relatively lower than said first threshold value according to whether the value of said radio measurements increases or decreases when radio conditions are degraded.
3. The method claimed in claim 1 wherein said radio measurements include raw BER measurements.
4. The method claimed in claim 1 wherein said radio measurements include SIR measurements.
5. The method claimed in claim 1 wherein, if one of said coding schemes has a coding rate equal to 1, said radio measurements for selecting a more rugged coding scheme from said coding scheme having a coding rate equal to 1 include measurements other than raw BER measurements and said radio measurements for selecting said coding scheme having a code rate equal to 1 from a more rugged coding scheme include raw BER measurements and measurements other than raw BER measurements.
6. The method claimed in claim 5 wherein said radio measurements other than raw BER measurements include SIR measurements.
7. The method claimed in claim 5 wherein said radio measurements other than raw BER measurements include received signal power level measurements.
8. The method claimed in claim 1 wherein, when transmission resumes on said link to which said link adaptation is applied following an interruption of transmission, and if said measurements have not been effected during said interruption of transmission, said coding andor modulation scheme that was being used before said interruption of transmission is used if said period of interruption is relatively short or a default coding andor modulation scheme is used otherwise.
9. The method claimed in claim 8 wherein said default coding andor modulation scheme is the most rugged coding andor modulation scheme.
10. The method claimed in claim 1 wherein said average is obtained by means of an exponential filter defined by a forget factor parameter that is expressed directly as a function of the time period between two measurements or an approximation thereof.
11. The method claimed in claim 10, wherein said filter is defined by the following equations:
yn+1=\u03b1\u0394tnyn+1
AV_M

n
+
1
=
(

1
–

1

y

n
+
1
)

\u2062

AV_M
n
+
1

y

n
+
1
\u2062

m

n
+
1
in which:
AV_Mn+1 is the value of AV_M after an (n+1)th measurement mn+1,
\u0394tn designates the time interval between the nth measurement and the (n+1)th measurement, or an approximation of that time interval, and
\u03b1 is a parameter defining the filter.
12. A mobile radiocommunication network entity comprising means for implementing a link adaptation which comprises:
means for selecting a coding andor modulation scheme as a function of radio conditions represented by an average of radio measurement results;
means for calculating an average over a relatively short period, wherein the average over a relatively short period is used for rapidly selecting a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme if radio conditions are degraded rapidly; and
means for calculating an average over a relatively longer period, wherein the average over a relatively longer period is used for selecting a less rugged coding andor modulation scheme, or a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme if radio conditions are not rapidly degraded.
13. The entity claimed in claim 12 wherein said link adaptation is applied to an up link.
14. The entity claimed in claim 12 wherein said link adaptation is applied to a downlink.
15. A mobile station comprising means for implementing a link adaptation which comprises:
means for selecting a coding andor modulation scheme as a function of radio conditions represented by an average of radio measurement results;
means for calculating an average over a relatively short period, wherein the average over a relatively short period is used for rapidly selecting a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme if radio conditions are degraded rapidly; and
means for calculating an average over a relatively longer period, wherein the average over a relatively longer period is used for selecting a less rugged coding andor modulation scheme, or a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme if radio conditions are not rapidly degraded.
16. The mobile station claimed in claim 15 wherein said link adaptation method is applied to a downlink.
17. The mobile station claimed in claim 15 wherein said link adaptation method is applied to an uplink.
18. A method of link adaptation in a mobile radiocommunication system, said method comprising:
calculating a first average over a first period of time,
calculating a second average over a second period of time longer than said first period of time, and
selecting a coding andor modulation scheme based on said first or second average, wherein a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme is selected based on said first average if a predetermined condition is met, or a more rugged coding andor modulation scheme is selected based on said second average if the predetermined condition is not met, otherwise a less rugged coding andor modulation scheme is selected based on said second average.
19. The method claimed in claim 18 wherein said predetermined condition is that said radio conditions are degrading rapidly.
20. The method claimed in claim 18, wherein said predetermined condition is that said first average is less than said second average by more than a predetermined amount.
21. The method claimed in claim 18, wherein said method changes from using said first average to using said second average when said first average is worse than said second average by a first predetermined amount, and said method changes from using said second average to using said first average when said first average is worse than said second average by a second predetermined amount less than said first predetermined amount.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A keyboard musical instrument comprising:
a tone generator generating tones, and having self-weight; and
plural keys including respective end portions of bars connected to said tone generator so that said self-weight is exerted thereon and other end portions located at opposite sides to said end portions with respect to respective fulcrums of said bars and weighted with resiliently deformed balancers for canceling part of said self-weight, and selectively depressed by a player for specifying the pitch of said tones,
wherein each of said plural keys is formed with at least one hole different in cross section from associated one of said resiliently deformed balancers so as to permit said associated one of said resiliently deformed balancers to exert resilient force on part of the inner surface defining said at least one hole in a direction parallel to a longitudinal direction of associated one of said bars, and
wherein a cross section of each of said deformed balancers has a major line segment longer than a maximum line segment on a cross section of said at least one hole and a minor line segment shorter than said maximum line segment when said balance is outside of said at least one hole so that said major line segment is shrunk in said at least one hole.
2. The keyboard musical instrument as set forth in claim 1, wherein said at least one hole and said associated one of said resiliently deformed balancers have a circular cross section and an elliptic column shape, respectively, and an inner diameter of said circular cross section, a minor axis of said elliptic column and a major axis of said elliptic column correspond to said maximum line segment, said minor line segment and said major line segment, respectively.
3. The keyboard musical instrument as set forth in claim 2, wherein said major axis is substantially in parallel to a longitudinal direction of said associated one of said bars of wood, and said wood has grains extending in parallel to said longitudinal direction.
4. The keyboard musical instrument as set forth in claim 1, wherein said at least one hole and said associated one of said resiliently deformed balancers have a circular cross section and a column shape equivalent to an elliptic cylinder partially cut away at both ends of a minor axis in parallel to a major axis, and an inner diameter of said circular cross section, a line segment between the cut-away surfaces of said elliptic cylinder and said major axis correspond to said maximum line segment, said minor line segment and said major line segment, respectively.
5. The keyboard musical instrument as set forth in claim 1, wherein said associated one of said resiliently deformed balancers has at least peripheral portion made of metal powder containing synthetic resin.