Author: claimsbot

1. A vehicle lighting device comprising at least two semiconductor light-emitting elements, the vehicle lighting device comprising: at least a first light-emitting element group and a second light-emitting element group, each comprising at least one semiconductor light-emitting element, the light-emitting element groups being selectively drivable and the first light-emitting element group having at least a foglight function, the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group together creating a daytime running light function,
wherein at least the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group do not have a common semiconductor light-emitting element.
2. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first light-emitting element group is configured to illuminate at a lower luminous intensity during activation of the daytime running light function than during activation of the foglight function.
3. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second light-emitting element group in the daytime running light function is configured to illuminate at least a region which is in a region of darkness of the foglight function of the first light-emitting element group.
4. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group have an upper beam function.
5. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: at least one of a third light-emitting element group and a fourth light-emitting element group, each having at least one semiconductor light-emitting element, which have a cornering light function for at least one of a respectively opposite steering movement and a foglight function.
6. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first light-emitting element group additionally has a cornering light function at least the first light-emitting element group having a plurality of light-emitting elements, which can be activated independently of the other light-emitting elements in the first light-emitting element group and in a plurality of stages.
7. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one semiconductor light-emitting element comprises at least one light-emitting diode chip, and wherein differently configured semiconductor light-emitting elements are used for at least two of the light-emitting groups.
8. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light-emitting elements in at least one of the light-emitting element groups are arranged in at least one row, the light-emitting elements in at least two of the light-emitting element groups being arranged in in each case at least one row and the rows of these light-emitting element groups being arranged in parallel with one another in a horizontal arrangement one below the other.
9. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an illumination region of the first light-emitting element group is asymmetrical with respect to a lateral extent.
10. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when the vehicle lighting device is switched on, there is a substantially identical load of the semiconductor light-emitting elements in the case of at least two, in particular all, types of illumination.
11. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when the vehicle lighting device is switched on, an identical number of semiconductor light-emitting elements is activated in the case of at least two types of illumination.
12. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 11, wherein at least two sets of light-emitting elements are connected electrically in parallel and are associated with a respective type of illumination, with the device switching over between the sets in order to switch between the types of illumination.
13. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 12, wherein at least one further set of light-emitting elements is connected electrically in series with at least two of the sets of light-emitting elements which are connected electrically in parallel.
14. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light-emitting element groups are connected electrically in series and at least one switch is connected in parallel with each light-emitting element group.
15. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 14, wherein at least one resistor is connected electrically in series with at least one switch.
16. A vehicle headlamp, comprising: at least one vehicle lighting device, comprising: at least a first light-emitting element group and a second light-emitting element group, each comprising at least one semiconductor light-emitting element, the light-emitting element groups being selectively drivable and the first light-emitting element group having at least a foglight function, the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group together creating a daytime running light function,
wherein at least the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group do not have a common semiconductor light-emitting element.
17. A vehicle comprising: at least one vehicle headlamp, comprising at least one vehicle lighting device, comprising: at least a first light-emitting element group and a second light-emitting element group, each comprising at least one semiconductor light-emitting element, the light-emitting element groups being selectively drivable and the first light-emitting element group having at least a foglight function, the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group together creating a daytime running light function, wherein at least the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group do not have a common semiconductor light-emitting element.
18. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 1, which, in addition to the foglight function and the daytime running light function, additionally has at most at least one of an upper beam function and a cornering light function.
19. The vehicle lighting device as claimed in claim 7, wherein light-emitting diode chips with an emitter surface of different sizes are used for at least two of the light-emitting element groups.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A self contained, toolless quick change tool holder for cutter inserts on machine tools, the quick change tool holder comprising:
a housing having a seat portion which is adapted to receive and conform to the shape of a cutter insert,
a pivoting arm mounted in a pivoting arm slot in the insert housing, the pivoting arm rotating about a pivot in the insert housing, the pivoting arm having a clamp portion extending from the pivot to a position over the seat portion, the clamp portion adapted to engage a cutter insert, the pivoting arm having an arm extending from the pivot opposite the clamp portion, and
a cam, the arm having a distal end engaging the cam, the cam having a clamp position which forces the clamp portion of the pivoting arm to engage a cutter insert, the cam having a release position which forces the clamp portion to disengage from a cutter insert to allow removal and replacement of same, the cam being manually movable between the release position and the clamp position without the use of tools.
2. The self contained, toolless quick change tool holder of claim 1 wherein the cutter insert housing is mounted at one end of a mounting arm.
3. The self contained, toolless quick change tool holder of claim 1 wherein the pivot is an elongated hole through which a pivoting axle extends to allow rotation of the pivoting arm the clamping position to the release position, the elongated hole being pitched at an angle whereby the pivoting arm is pulled slightly to seat a cutter insert when in a clamped position.
4. The self contained, toolless quick change tool holder of claim 1 wherein the clamp portion includes a pin member extending therefrom which is adapted to mate with a corresponding hole in a cutter insert.
5. The self contained, toolless quick change tool holder of claim 4 wherein the pin member has a semicircular profile.
6. The self contained, toolless quick change tool holder of claim 1 wherein the pivoting arm is biased to the release position by a pivoting arm compression spring which is mounted into a channel formed in insert housing and aligned with a corresponding channel in the arm, the corresponding channel being positioned between the pivot and the distal end of the arm.
7. A self contained, toolless quick change tool holder for cutter inserts on machine tools, the quick change tool holder comprising:
a housing having a seat portion which is adapted to receive and conform to the shape of a cutter insert,
a pivoting arm mounted in a pivoting arm slot in the insert housing, the pivoting arm rotating about a pivot in the insert housing, the pivoting arm having a clamp portion extending from the pivot to a position over the seat portion, the clamp portion adapted to engage a cutter insert, the pivoting arm having an arm extending from the pivot opposite the clamp portion, and
a cam, the arm having a distal end engaging the cam, the cam having a clamp position which forces the clamp portion of the pivoting arm to engage a cutter insert, the cam having a release position which forces the clams portion to disengage from a cutter insert to allow removal and replacement of same, the cam movable between the release position and the clamp position, the cam including a button at one end and a cam spring opposite said button, the cam spring biasing the cam to the clamp position.
8. The self contained, toolless quick change tool holder of claim 7 wherein the cam includes, intermediate between the button and the cam spring, a sloped portion which slopes inwardly from a shallow cut proximate to cam spring to a deeper cut in the direction of the button, the cam further including a trough connected to the sloped portion by a drop off having a predetermined angle, the trough extending further into the cam from the deeper cut proximate to and towards the button, the cam spring biasing the cam towards the button whereby the distal end rests upon the sloped portion which rotates the pivoting arm to the clamp position, the predetermined angle controlling the force needed to move from the release position to the clamp position.
9. The self contained, toolless quick change tool holder of claim 8 wherein pushing the button toward the insert housing which pushes the cam inwards against the cam spring whereby the distal end of the pivoting arm moves from the sloped portion to the trough which allows the pivoting arm to rotate to the release position and whereby pressing downwardly on the clamp portion overcomes the bias of the pivoting arm to the release position to allow the distal end to again engage the sloped portion in the clamp position.
10. A self contained, toolless quick change tool holder for cutter inserts on machine tools, the quick change tool holder comprising:
a housing having a seat portion which is adapted to receive and conform to the shape of a cutter insert, the housing being mounted at one end of a mounting arm,
a pivoting arm mounted in a pivoting arm slot in the insert housing, the pivoting arm rotating about a pivot in the insert housing, the pivot being an elongated hole through which a pivoting axle extends to allow rotation of the pivoting arm between a clamp position to a release position, the elongated hole being pitched at an angle whereby the pivoting arm is pulled slightly to seat a cutter insert when in the clamp position, the pivoting arm having a clamp portion extending from the pivot to a position over the seat portion, the clamp portion including a pin member with a semicircular profile extending therefrom which is adapted to mate with a corresponding hole in a cutter insert, the pivoting arm having an arm extending from the pivot opposite the clamp portion, the pivoting arm being biased to the release position by a pivoting arm compression spring which is mounted into a channel formed in insert housing and aligned with a corresponding channel in the arm, the corresponding channel being positioned between the pivot and the distal end of the arm, and
a cam, the cam including a button at one end and a cam spring opposite said button, the cam having positioned intermediate between the button and the cam spring, a sloped portion which slopes inwardly from a shallow cut proximate to the cam spring to a deeper cut in the direction of the button, the cam further including a trough which extends further into the cam from the deeper cut proximate to and towards the button, the trough connected to the deeper cut by a drop off having a predetermined angle, the cam spring biasing the cam towards the button whereby the distal end rests upon the sloped portion which rotates the pivoting arm to the clamp position, the arm having a distal end engaging the cam, wherein moving the button toward the insert housing pushes the cam inwards against the cam spring whereby the distal end of the pivoting arm moves from the sloped portion to the trough which allows the pivoting arm to rotate to the release position and whereby pressing downwardly on the clamp portion overcomes the bias of the pivoting arm to the release position to allow the distal end to again engage the sloped portion in the clamp position, the predetermined angle controlling the force needed to move from the release position to the clamp position.

1. A method of resuming triangular asynchronous replication operations between a primary group at a first data center, a synchronous backup group at a second data center, and an asynchronous backup group at a third data center, the method comprising:
stopping work at a data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group at one of: the second data center and the third data center;
configuring data mirroring relationships to provide for synchronous data mirroring from the data storage device at the first data center to a data storage device at the second data center;
configuring data mirroring relationships to provide for an asynchronous data mirror from the data storage device at the first data center to a data storage device at the third data center, wherein writes begun at the first data center after a first time and before a second time are associated with a first chunk of data and writes begun after the second time are associated with a second chunk of data different from the first chunk of data and wherein, after completion of all writes associated with the first chunk of data, data for writes associated with the first chunk of data is transferred to the third data center and, in response to receiving a message separate from the first and second chunks of data indicating the transfer of the first chunk of data is complete from the first data center to the third data center, the data storage device at the third data center stores the data writes associated with the first chunk of data; and
resuming work at the first data center.
2. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising:
initiating synchronization of a data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group.
3. A method, according to claim 2, further comprising:
completing pending data write operations associated with an asynchronous data mirror used by the data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group prior to initiating synchronization.
4. A method, according to claim 2, wherein work is resumed at the first data center following completion of the synchronization.
5. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising:
prior to resuming work at the first data center, initiating multisession control at the first data center.
6. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising:
following intermittent failure of a link between the first data center and the second data center, synchronizing the data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device at the second data center.
7. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising:
following intermittent failure of a link between the first data center and the third data center, providing local copies of the data storage device at the second data center and the data storage device at the third data center and initiating transfer of synchronizing data from the data storage device at the first data center to the data storage device at the third data center.
8. A method, according to claim 7, further comprising:
waiting for synchronization between the data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device at the third data center prior to resuming work at the first data center.
9. Computer software, provided in a computer-readable medium, that resumes triangular asynchronous replication operations between a primary group at a first data center, a synchronous backup group at a second data center, and an asynchronous backup group at a third data center, the software comprising:
executable code that stops work at a data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group at one of: the second data center and the third data center;
executable code that configures data mirroring relationships to provide for synchronous data mirroring from the data storage device at the first data center to a data storage device at the second data center; and
executable code that configures data mirroring relationships to provide for an asynchronous data mirror from the data storage device at the first data center to a data storage device at the third data center, wherein writes begun at the first data center after a first time and before a second time are associated with a first chunk of data and writes begun after the second time are associated with a second chunk of data different from the first chunk of data and wherein, after completion of all writes associated with the first chunk of data, data for writes associated with the first chunk of data is transferred to the third data center and, in response to receiving a message separate from the first and second chunks of data indicating the transfer of the first chunk of data is complete from the first data center to the third data center, the data storage device at the third data center stores the data writes associated with the first chunk of data.
10. Computer software, according to claim 9, further comprising:
executable code that initiates synchronization of a data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group.
11. Computer software, according to claim 10, further comprising:
executable code that completes pending data write operations associated with an asynchronous data mirror used by the data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group prior to initiating synchronization.
12. Computer software, according to claim 10, wherein work is resumed at the first data center following completion of the synchronization.
13. Computer software, according to claim 9, further comprising:
executable code that initiates multisession control at the first data center prior to resuming work at the first data center.
14. Computer software, according to claim 9, further comprising:
executable code that synchronizes the data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device at the second data center following intermittent failure of a link between the first data center and the second data center.
15. Computer software, according to claim 9, further comprising:
executable code that provides local copies of the data storage device at the second data center and the data storage device at the third data center and initiating transfer of synchronizing data from the data storage device at the first data center to the data storage device at the third data center following intermittent failure of a link between the first data center and the third data center.
16. Computer software, according to claim 15, further comprising:
executable code that waits for synchronization between the data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device at the third data center prior to resuming work at the first data center.
17. A triangular asynchronous replication system, comprising:
a primary group at a first data center;
a synchronous backup group at a second data center coupled to the first data center; and
an asynchronous backup group at a third data center coupled to the first data center, wherein at least one of the data centers includes at least one storage device having software that, following a failure, resumes triangular asynchronous replication operations between the primary group, the synchronous backup group, and the asynchronous backup group, the software having executable code that stops work at a data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group at one of: the second data center and the third data center, executable code that configures data mirroring relationships to provide for synchronous data mirroring from the data storage device at the first data center to a data storage device at the second data center, and executable code that configures data mirroring relationships to provide for an asynchronous data mirror from the data storage device at the first data center to a data storage device at the third data center, wherein writes begun at the first data center after a first time and before a second time are associated with a first chunk of data and writes begun after the second time are associated with a second chunk of data different from the first chunk of data and wherein, after completion of all writes associated with the first chunk of data, data for writes associated with the first chunk of data is transferred to the third data center and, in response to receiving a message separate from the first and second chunks of data indicating the transfer of the first chunk of data is complete from the first data center to the third data center, the data storage device at the third data center stores the data writes associated with the first chunk of data.
18. A triangular asynchronous replication system, according to claim 17,
wherein the software also includes executable code that initiates synchronization of a data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group.
19. A triangular asynchronous replication system, according to claim 18,
wherein the software also includes executable code that completes pending data write operations associated with an asynchronous data mirror used by the data storage device temporarily hosting the primary group prior to initiating synchronization.
20. A triangular asynchronous replication system, according to claim 18,
wherein work is resumed at the first data center following completion of the synchronization.
21. A triangular asynchronous replication system, according to claim 17,
wherein the software also includes executable code that initiates multisession control at the first data center prior to resuming work at the first data center.
22. A triangular asynchronous replication system, according to claim 17,
wherein the software also includes executable code that synchronizes the data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device at the second data center following intermittent failure of a link between the first data center and the second data center.
23. A triangular asynchronous replication system, according to claim 17,
wherein the software also includes executable code that provides local copies of the data storage device at the second data center and the data storage device at the third data center and initiating transfer of synchronizing data from the data storage device at the first data center to the data storage device at the third data center following intermittent failure of a link between the first data center and the third data center.
24. A triangular asynchronous replication system, according to claim 23,
wherein the software also includes executable code that waits for synchronization between the data storage device at the first data center with the data storage device at the third data center prior to resuming work at the first data center.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of manufacturing a solar cell, the method comprising:
stacking a solar cell device layer containing GaN on a sacrificial substrate;
etching the solar cell device layer to expose the sacrificial substrate, thereby forming one or more solar cell devices comprising the solar cell device layer;
anisotropically etching the exposed sacrificial substrate;
contacting the solar cell devices to a stamping processor to remove the solar cell devices from the sacrificial substrate; and
transferring the solar cell devices onto a receiving substrate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sacrificial substrate is a silicon substrate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar cell device layer comprises a buffer layern-GaN layerInGaN layerp-GaN layer.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sacrificial substrate has a (111) crystal structure, and the anisotropic etch is performed in a (110) direction.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more solar cell devices are arranged in a plurality of rows, and one or more solar cells are disposed in each of the rows.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein at least portions of a p-GaN layer and an n-GaN layer of the respective solar cell devices are exposed, and metal layers are stacked on at least portions of the exposed region.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the metal layers of the solar cell devices are electrically connected to each other in correspondence with their polarities.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving substrate is a flexible substrate.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar cell device layer has a tandem structure.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the solar cell device layer having the tandem structure has a structure in which a first solar cell device layer and a second solar cell device layer, each having a structure of n-GaN layerInGaN layerp-GaN layer, are stacked.
11. A method of manufacturing a solar cell, the method comprising:
doping p-type impurities into a silicon substrate to form a p-doped layer;
stacking a solar cell device layer containing InGaN on the silicon substrate to form a solar cell device having one or more tandem structure of a lower silicon solar cell device layer comprising the p-doped layer and an upper GaN solar cell comprising a GaN solar cell device layer;
stacking a protection layer on the solar cell device layer having the tandem structure to pattern the protection layer;
etching the entire device layer and the lower silicon substrate by a predetermined depth in a vertical direction;
forming spacers on lateral surfaces of the etched device layer and the silicon substrate etched by the predetermined depth;
anisotropically etching the silicon substrate exposed between the spacers;
contacting the solar cell devices to a stamping processor to remove the solar cell devices from the sacrificial substrate; and
transferring the solar cell devices onto a receiving substrate.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the GaN solar cell device layer has a structure in which an AlN buffer layer, a high concentration p+-GaN layer, a high concentration n+-GaN layer, an n-GaN layer, an InGaN layer, and a p-GaN layer are sequentially stacked.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the silicon has a (111) crystal structure, and the anisotropic etch is performed in a (110) direction.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more solar cell devices having the tandem structure are arranged in a plurality of rows, and one or more solar cells are disposed in each of the rows.
15. The method of claim 11, further comprising exposing at least portions of the p-GaN layer of the solar cell device layer and the lower silicon substrate to stack metal layers on at least portions of the exposed region.
16. The method of claim 11, wherein the metal layers are electrically connected to each other in correspondence with their polarities.
17. The method of claim 11, wherein the receiving substrate is a flexible substrate.
18. A solar cell comprising:
a substrate;
a polymer layer on the substrate;
solar cell devices spaced from each other on the substrate; and
a conductive layer electrically connecting an n-type electrode and a p-type electrode of the respective solar cell devices to each other.
19. The solar cell of claim 18, wherein the polymer layer is formed of polyimide or norland.
20. The solar cell of claim 18, wherein the respective solar cell devices are a GaN-based signal solar cell device, a GaN-based tandem type solar cell device, or a tandem type solar cell device of a silicon solar cell deviceGaN-based solar cell device.
21. The solar cell of claim 18, wherein the substrate is a flexible substrate, and the polymer is disposed in a space between the solar cell devices spaced from each other.