Author: claimsbot

1. A digitally administered assignment comprising:
a workspace for a student; and
an internal automated grading code hidden from and not accessible by the student, the internal automated grading code configured to execute on an end user computing device to evaluate work performed by the student in the workspace.
2. The assignment of claim 1, wherein the internal automated grading code in the assignment executed on the end user computing device is a local computing device of the student that is configured to generate evaluation data to be submitted to an external computing device.
3. The assignment of claim 2, wherein the internal automated grading code in the assignment executed on the local computing device of the student is configured to provide a precheck of the assignment for completeness prior to automated evaluation of work performed by the student in the workspace.
4. The assignment of claim 2, wherein the internal automated grading code is configured to independently provide feedback to the student on work performed by the student in the workspace.
5. The assignment of claim 1, further comprising a task guide incorporated into the assignment, the task guide comprising instructions for tasks in the assignment.
6. The assignment of claim 5, further comprising tools in the task guide for navigating assignment tasks, in which a tool in the task guide is configured to allow the student to mark when a task is complete with the task guide.
7. The assignment of claim 1, further comprising a hidden unique student identifier embedded in the workspace, such that copying material from a first student’s workspace into a second student’s workspace also copies the hidden unique student identifier, thereby allowing the source of the copied material in the second student’s workspace to be traced.
8. A method for digitally administering an assignment comprises:
making an assignment with internal automated grading criteria available to a student; and
evaluating the assignment using the internal automated grading criteria on a local computing device of the student.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising receiving, by a server, evaluation data produced by the internal automated grading criteria executed on the local computing device of the student.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising logging actions taken by the student to complete tasks in the assignment, in which logged actions are included in the evaluation data.
11. The method of claim 8, in which the internal automated grading criteria comprises code in the assignment that is in hidden from and cannot be accessed by the student.
12. The method of claim 8, further comprising inserting a hidden unique student identifier in each assignment distributed to the student.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising verifying student integrity by checking the hidden unique student identifier included in the evaluation data to determine if information has been copied from a first assignment to a second assignment.
14. A computer program product for digital assignment administration, the computer program product comprising:
a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therewith, the computer readable program code comprising:
computer readable program code to define a workspace for a student; and
computer readable program code for execution by a local device of the student to automatically evaluate work performed by the student in the workspace.
15. The computer program product of claim 14, wherein the computer readable program code to define the workspace for the student comprises a hidden unique identifier in the workspace that is configured to be copied when work is copied from the workspace, wherein the hidden unique identifier provides evidence of the origin of work in the workspace.
16. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising computer readable program code to define a task guide configured to sequentially display instructions for tasks in the assignment, indicate specific regions of the workspace that are to be used to accomplish the tasks, and allow the student to check off a task when complete and to move to the next task.
17. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising computer readable program code configured to precheck an assignment of the student prior to submission, display status of the assignment of the student including incomplete or incorrect tasks, and to submit the assignment, in which submission of the assignment includes a hidden submission identifier.
18. The computer program product of claim 14, wherein the computer readable program code to automatically evaluate work performed by the student comprises:
editable rules to be applied to work performed by the student in the workspace; and
prefill values to replace values in the workspace of the student to test the generality of the students work,
19. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising computer readable program code to submit performance data from students to a centralized repository and display the submitted data including an overall score, a score code, and number of steps taken by the student to perform the assignment.
20. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising computer readable program code defining editable assignment templates and an assignment navigator to view and modify the editable assignment templates.
21. The computer program product of claim 14, in which the assignment navigator comprises an interface for globally and individually adjusting points in an assignment.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A process for making a catalyst for oxidation of an alkene to an alkene oxide comprising:
a) forming a slurry of a silver compound, water and one or more organic compounds having at least one functional group of the formula \u2014NX2, \u2014OX or (\u2550O) (\u2014OX) wherein X is hydrogen or an alkyl of one to three carbon atoms, X being the same or different, and wherein at least one functional group is bound to a terminal carbon;
b) contacting a support material with the slurry;
c) maintaining contact of the support material in the slurry for sufficient time for silver to be deposited on the support material;
d) removing liquid from the slurry to form dry solid particles; and
e) calcining the solid particles.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the silver compound is an oxide, a salt or carboxylate.
3. The process of claim 2 wherein the silver compound is silver oxide, silver nitrate, silver carbonate, silver acetate, silver propionate, silver butyrate, silver oxalate, silver malonate, silver malate, silver, maleate, silver lactate, silver citrate or silver phthalate.
4. The process of claim 1 additionally comprising adding alkali metal salts in step a) or step b) or after step b), step c), step d) or step e).
5. The process of claim 4 wherein the alkali metals are chosen from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, rubidium and cesium.
6. The process of claim 4 wherein the alkali metal salts are carbonates, nitrates or nitrites.
7. The process of claim 4 wherein the alkali metal salt is potassium nitrate.
8. The process of claim 1 additionally comprising adding a halide compound in step a) or step b) or after step b), step c), step d) or step e).
9. The process of claim 8 wherein the halide compound is silver chloride.
10. The process of claim 1 additionally comprising adding an oxide, acid, carbonate, sulfate, halide, oxyhalide, hydroxyhalide, hydroxide or sulfide of gold, tungsten, rhenium, molybdenum, fluorine, thallium, yttrium, barium, cerium, cobalt, indium or niobium in step a) or step b) or after step b), step c), step d) or step e).
11. The process of claim 1 wherein the support material is an alkaline earth carbonate, an alkaline earth oxide and mixtures thereof.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein the support material is an alkaline earth carbonate of the formula ACO3 wherein A is any Group IIA element.
13. The process of claim 1 wherein the support material is calcium carbonate.
14. The process of claim 1 wherein the contact time is from 0 to 24 hours.
15. The process of claim 14 wherein the contact time is from 1 to 16 hours.
16. The process of claim 15 wherein the contact time is for one hour.
17. The process of claim 1 wherein the liquid is removed by heating, filtration, evaporation or spray drying.
18. The process of claim 1 wherein the liquid is removed by drying in air or an inert gas.
19. The process of claim 18 wherein drying is for one hour to twenty-four hours at a temperature from 110\xb0 C. to 250\xb0 C.
20. The process of claim 19 wherein drying is for four hours at 250\xb0 C.
21. The process of claim 1 wherein calcining is at a temperature of from about 100\xb0 C. to about 500\xb0 C. for a time of from about one hour to about four hours.
22. The process of claim 21 wherein the temperature is about 250\xb0 C. for six hours.
23. The process of claim 22 wherein the temperature is 110\xb0 C. for one hour and then increased by 5 C \xb0min to a temperature of 300\xb0 C. for additional calcination for four hours.
24. The process of claim 1 wherein the functional group is \u2014NH2, \u2014OH or \u2014OOH.
25. The process of claim 1 wherein the organic compound additionally comprises a functional group of the formula \u2014NX2, \u2014OX or (\u2550O)(\u2014OX) wherein X is hydrogen or an alkyl of one to three carbon atoms, X being the same or different, and wherein the functional group is bound to a carbon other than a terminal carbon.
26. The process of claim 1 wherein the organic compound is ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, ethylene glycol, propyl ether, propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol), trimethylene glycol (1,3-propanediol), 1-propanol, glycine, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, triethylamine, diethylenediamine, malonic acid, propionic acid or citric acid.
27. The process of claim 1 wherein two organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, ethylene glycol, propyl ether, propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol), trimethylene glycol (1,3-propanediol), 1-propanol, glycine, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, triethylamine, diethylenediamine, malonic acid, propionic acid and citric acid.
28. The process of claim 27 wherein two organic compounds are selected from group consisting of ethylenediamine, ethanolamine and ethylene glycol.
29. The process of claim 28 wherein one organic compound is selected from group consisting of ethylenediamine and ethanolamine and the other organic compound is ethylene glycol.
30. The process of claim 1 wherein one organic compound is selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol), trimethylene glycol (1,3-propanediol), 1-propanol, glycine, triethanolamine, diethylenediamine and malonic acid.
31. The process of claim 1 wherein the silver concentration in the catalyst is 2 percent to 80 percent by weight.
32. The process of claim 31 wherein the silver concentration is from about 10 percent to 70 percent by weight.
33. The process of claim 32 wherein the silver concentration is from about 30 percent to 70 percent by weight.
34. The process of claim 33 wherein the silver concentration is about 54% by weight.
35. The process of claim 1 wherein the alkali metal is present in the catalyst in the amount of from about 0.01 to 5% by weight.
36. The process of claim 35 wherein the alkali metal is present in the amount of from about 2 to 5% by weight.
37. The process of claim 36 wherein the alkali metal is present in the amount of about 3% by weight.

1. A wireless device, comprising:
a wireless local area network (WLAN) positioning system, comprising:
an access point (AP) scanner configured to:
determine, prior to execution of a WLAN positioning scan, which WLAN channels are being used by APs proximate to the wireless device based on at least one of:
information retrieved from an AP database that identifies the WLAN channels:
energy levels of non-overlapping WLAN channels detected by the AP scanner;
a beacon report identifying an AP not visible to the wireless device;
geographic location of the wireless device;

execute a WLAN positioning scan for AP transmissions based on the prior determination of WLAN channels used by APs proximate to the wireless device; and
extract signal strength and AP identification information for WLAN positioning from the AP transmissions on the scanned channels.
2. The wireless device of claim 1, wherein the AP scanner is configured to discontinue scanning for APs based on identifying a number of APs sufficient to position the wireless device with a predetermined accuracy.
3. The wireless device of claim 1, further comprising a motion sensor; wherein the AP scanner is configured to scan for AP transmissions based on the motion sensor indicating that the wireless device has moved.
4. The wireless device of claim 1, wherein the AP scanner is configured to refrain from scanning for AP transmissions based on the position of the wireless device being determined to predetermined accuracy by via a non-WLAN positioning system.
5. A wireless device, comprising:
a wireless local area network (WLAN) positioning system, comprising:
an access point (AP) scanner configured to:
determine, prior to execution of a WLAN positioning scan, which WLAN channels are being used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
set a length for an interval to scan the WLAN channel;
execute a WLAN positioning scan for AP transmissions based on the prior determination of WLAN channels used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
extract signal strength and AP identification information for WLAN positioning from the AP transmissions on the scanned channels; and
adjust said scan interval length based on a number of APs identified during the interval.
6. A wireless device, comprising:
a wireless local area network (WLAN) positioning system, comprising:
an access point (AP) scanner configured to:
determine, prior to execution of a WLAN positioning scan, which WLAN channels are being used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
execute a WLAN positioning scan for AP transmissions based on the prior determination of WLAN channels used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
extract signal strength and AP identification information for WLAN positioning from the AP transmissions on the scanned channels; and
scan for an AP transmission at a time derived from a previously received beacon frame.
7. The wireless device of claim 6, wherein the time comprises a scanning interval having a length based on times of predicted beacon transmissions by a plurality of APs.
8. The wireless device of claim 7, wherein the AP scanner is configured to select the plurality of APs based on a geometry metric derived from locations of the APs.
9. The wireless device of claim 8, wherein the AP scanner is configured to base the geometry metric on at least one of:
a dilution of precision computation applied to the plurality of APs;
an area defined by a geometric contour of the plurality of APs;
mutual distance between the plurality of APs; and
angles of arrival of the plurality of APs to a predicted position of the wireless device.
10. A wireless device, comprising:
a wireless local area network (WLAN) positioning system, comprising:
an access point (AP) scanner configured to:
determine, prior to execution of a WLAN positioning scan, which WLAN channels are being used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
execute a WLAN positioning scan for AP transmissions based on the prior determination of WLAN channels used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
extract signal strength and AP identification information for WLAN positioning from the AP transmissions on the scanned channels; and
select which of an active scan and a passive scan to perform based on at least one of:
network information retrieved from an AP database;
an amount of network traffic detected by the wireless device; and
a scheduled wireless medium access by co-located wireless communication system disposed in the wireless device.
11. A wireless device, comprising:
a wireless local area network (WLAN) positioning system, comprising:
an access point (AP) scanner configured to:
determine, prior to execution of a WLAN positioning scan, which WLAN channels are being used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
execute a WLAN positioning scan for AP transmissions based on the prior determination of WLAN channels used by APs proximate to the wireless device; and
extract signal strength and AP identification information for WLAN positioning from the AP transmissions on the scanned channels;
wherein the wireless device is associated to a basic service set (BSS) and the wireless device is configured to transfer packets via the BSS, and the AP scanner is configured to scan for AP transmissions based on at least one of:
an inactive interval defined by a communication schedule of the BSS; and
an inactive period caused by a delay in transfer control protocol acknowledgement transmission by the wireless device.
12. A wireless device, comprising:
a wireless local area network (WLAN) positioning system, comprising:
an access point (AP) scanner configured to:
determine, prior to execution of a WLAN positioning scan, which WLAN channels are being used by APs proximate to the wireless device; execute a WLAN positioning scan for AP transmissions based on the prior determination of WLAN channels used by APs proximate to the wireless device;
extract signal strength and AP identification information for WLAN positioning from the AP transmissions on the scanned channels;
determine, prior to execution of a WLAN positioning scan, an order for scanning WLAN channels, the order determined to minimize scanning time applied to identify a predetermined number of APs; and
execute the WLAN positioning scan based on the determined order.
13. A method, comprising:
scanning, by a wireless device, a wireless network channel for a transmission from an access point (AP);
identifying, by the wireless device, an AP based on a transmission detected by the scanning;
computing, by the wireless device, a position uncertainty value for the wireless device based on the identified AP;
comparing, by the wireless device, the position uncertainty value to a predetermined uncertainty threshold;
terminating scanning based on the uncertainty threshold exceeding the position uncertainty value; and
determining which of an active scan and a passive scan to perform based on at least one of wireless medium use scheduled for a coexisting wireless transceiver in the wireless device, and a level of traffic on the WLAN.
14. A method, comprising:
scanning, by a wireless device, a wireless network channel for a transmission from an access point (AP);
identifying, by the wireless device, an AP based on a transmission detected by the scanning;
computing, by the wireless device, a position uncertainty value for the wireless device based on the identified AP;
comparing, by the wireless device, the position uncertainty value to a predetermined uncertainty threshold; and
terminating scanning based on the uncertainty threshold exceeding the position uncertainty value; and
changing the WLAN channel used in the scanning based on the uncertainty threshold not exceeding the position uncertainty value and one of:
all APs on the previously scanned WLAN channel being identified; and
a predetermined percentage of the APs on the previously scanned WLAN being identified.
15. A method, comprising:
scanning, by a wireless device, a wireless network channel for a transmission from an access point (AP);
identifying, by the wireless device, an AP based on a transmission detected by the scanning;
computing, by the wireless device, a position uncertainty value for the wireless device based on the identified AP;
comparing, by the wireless device, the position uncertainty value to a predetermined uncertainty threshold;
terminating scanning based on the uncertainty threshold exceeding the position uncertainty value;
setting a time interval to scan the WLAN channel; and
extending the time interval based on the uncertainty threshold not exceeding the position uncertainty value and all APs on the WLAN channel not being identified.
16. A method, comprising:
scanning, by a wireless device, a wireless network channel for a transmission from an access point (AP);
identifying, by the wireless device, an AP based on a transmission detected by the scanning;
computing, by the wireless device, a position uncertainty value for the wireless device based on the identified AP;
comparing, by the wireless device, the position uncertainty value to a predetermined uncertainty threshold;
terminating scanning based on the uncertainty threshold exceeding the position uncertainty value; and
changing the network radio frequency modulation mode based on the uncertainty threshold not exceeding the position uncertainty value and all APs on the WLAN using the previous network radio frequency modulation mode being identified.
17. A method, comprising:
scanning, by a wireless device, a wireless network channel for a transmission from an access point (AP);
identifying, by the wireless device, an AP based on a transmission detected by the scanning;
computing, by the wireless device, a position uncertainty value for the wireless device based on the identified AP;
comparing, by the wireless device, the position uncertainty value to a predetermined uncertainty threshold; and
terminating scanning based on the uncertainty threshold exceeding the position uncertainty value; and
accessing an AP database and retrieving from the database a value indicating a number of APs proximate to the wireless device.
18. A method, comprising:
scanning, by a wireless device, a wireless network channel for a transmission from an access point (AP);
identifying, by the wireless device, an AP based on a transmission detected by the scanning;
computing, by the wireless device, a position uncertainty value for the wireless device based on the identified AP;
comparing, by the wireless device, the position uncertainty value to a predetermined uncertainty threshold;
terminating scanning based on the uncertainty threshold exceeding the position uncertainty value; and
adjusting a scan time interval during the scanning based on a percentage of APs on a channel identified prior to the adjusting.
19. A method, comprising:
executing, by a wireless device, a passive scan and identifying a set of all visible access points (APs) based on the passive scan;
selecting a sub-set of the set of all visible APs based on predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset, comprising:
identifying all combinations of APs of the set; wherein each AP of each combination is at least a predetermined distance from each other AP of the combination;
computing a dilution of precision value for each combination; and
discarding each combination having a dilution of precision value greater than a predetermined value;

scanning for APs during a time interval defined based on the predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset.
20. A method, comprising:
executing, by a wireless device, a passive scan and identifying a set of all visible access points (APs) based on the passive scan;
selecting a sub-set of the set of all visible APs based on predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset;
scanning for APs during a time interval defined based on the predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset; and
extending the time interval based on not receiving a beacon from transmission from each AP of the sub-set.
21. A method, comprising:
executing, by a wireless device, a passive scan and identifying a set of all visible access points (APs) based on the passive scan;
selecting a sub-set of the set of all visible APs based on predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset;
scanning for APs during a time interval defined based on the predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset; and
executing a scan for all visible APs responsive to either of not receiving a beacon from transmission from each AP of the sub-set and receiving a beacon from an AP having a signal strength value greater than a predetermined value not in the sub-set.
22. A method, comprising:
executing, by a wireless device, a passive scan and identifying a set of all visible access points (APs) based on the passive scan;
selecting a sub-set of the set of all visible APs based on predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset, comprising choosing APs transmitting on the same WLAN channel;
scanning for APs during a time interval defined based on the predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset.
23. A method, comprising:
executing, by a wireless device, a passive scan and identifying a set of all visible access points (APs) based on the passive scan;
selecting a sub-set of the set of all visible APs based on predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset;
scanning for APs during a time interval defined based on the predicted beacon frame transmission times for the APs of the subset;
determining, based on APs identified by the scanning, whether the wireless device has moved since the passive scan was executed.
24. The method of claim 21, wherein the selecting comprises excluding from the sub-set APs having a received signal strength lower than a predetermined value.
25. The method of claim 21, wherein the selecting comprises excluding from the sub-set APs positioned less than a predetermined distance from the wireless device.
26. The method of claim 23, wherein the selecting comprises excluding from the sub-set APs having a received signal strength lower than a predetermined value.
27. The method of claim 23, wherein the selecting comprises excluding from the sub-set APs positioned less than a predetermined distance from the wireless device.
28. The method of claim 20, wherein the selecting comprises excluding from the sub-set APs having a received signal strength lower than a predetermined value.
29. The method of claim 20, wherein the selecting comprises excluding from the sub-set APs positioned less than a predetermined distance from the wireless device.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An electrode sheet having a layered structure in which a first insulating layer, a first electrode layer, an inter-electrode insulating layer, a second electrode layer, and a second insulating layer are stacked and attracting a substrate on the first insulating layer, the first electrode layer having a plurality of openings in a specific planar area, and the second electrode layer having opening equivalent portions provided at positions at which the openings in the first electrode layer are projected onto the second electrode layer in a depth direction of the electrode sheet and having almost the same area as the projected openings, and connection portions that connect the opening equivalent portions.
2. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode layer has the openings disposed in a grid pattern, and the second electrode layer is formed in a grid pattern using the opening equivalent portions and the connection portions.
3. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein, when a shortest distance between the adjacent openings in the first electrode layer is referred to as X, and the length of a line segment defined by the feet of perpendiculars when projecting the centers of gravity of the adjacent openings onto an imaginary straight line parallel to a straight line along which the adjacent openings are provided at the shortest distance X is referred to as L, the first electrode layer satisfies LX\u22671.5 and L\u22662.5 mm.
4. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the openings in the first electrode layer are circular holes, and the second electrode layer has circular opening equivalent portions.
5. The electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein a capacitance C1 between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer when the electrode sheet attracts the substrate and a capacitance C2 between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer when the electrode sheet does not attract the substrate satisfy (C1\u2212C2)C1\u22670.03.
6. An electrostatic chuck comprising a metal base and the electrode sheet according to claim 1 that is bonded to the metal base.
7. The electrostatic chuck according to claim 6, wherein the electrode sheet is bonded to the metal base through a flexible silicone rubber layer having a thickness of 500 to 1000 \u03bcm.