Author: claimsbot

1. A liquid degassing system in combination with a generator, wherein the liquid degassing system being used during a layup operation of the generator, wherein a supply of layup water is recirculated through the generator during the layup operation, wherein the liquid degassing system removes undesired gases from the supply of layup water, the liquid degassing system comprising:
an intake assembly operatively connected to the generator for removing the layup water from the generator, wherein the intake assembly includes a pumping assembly;
a degassing assembly for removing a predetermined amount of the undesired gases from the layup water, wherein the degassing assembly is operatively connected to the intake assembly whereby the pumping assembly supplies layup water from the intake assembly to the degassing assembly, wherein the degassing assembly comprises at least one degassing module for removing the undesired gases from the layup water under vacuum pressure; and
a return assembly \u201coperatively connected to the generator\u201d for returning the layup water from the degassing assembly to the generator.
2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the at least one degassing module comprises:
at least one membrane filter containing a plurality of hollow fibers, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are permeable to the undesired gases, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are impermeable to the layup water.
3. The combination according to claim 2, wherein each of the hollow fibers is formed from a polymeric material.
4. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the degassing assembly further comprises:
at least one vacuum assembly operatively connected to the at least one degassing module, wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the at least one degassing module to remove the undesired gas in the layup water within the degassing module.
5. The combination according to claim 4, wherein the at least one degassing module comprises:
at least one membrane filter containing a plurality of hollow fibers, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are permeable to the undesired gases, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are impermeable to the layup water; and
wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the at least one membrane filter such that the undesired gases are drawn through the plurality of hollow fibers.
6. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the degassing assembly includes a plurality of degassing modules, wherein each degassing module comprises:
at least one membrane filter containing a plurality of hollow fibers, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are permeable to the undesired gases, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are impermeable to the layup water.
7. The combination according to claim 6, wherein each of the hollow fibers is formed from a polymeric material.
8. The combination according to claim 6, wherein the degassing assembly further comprises:
at least one vacuum assembly operatively connected to the plurality of degassing modules, wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the plurality of degassing modules to remove the undesired gas from the layup water, wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the at least one membrane filter such that the undesired gases are drawn through the plurality of hollow fibers.
9. The combination according to claim 1, further comprising:
at least one gas sensor for measuring the content of the undesired gas within the layup water within the liquid degassing system.
10. A liquid degassing system for use during a layup operation of a power plant having at least one plant component, wherein a supply of layup water is recirculated through the at least one plant component during the layup operation, wherein the liquid degassing system removes undesired gases from the supply of layup water, the liquid degassing system comprising:
an intake assembly for removing the layup water from the at least one plant component, wherein the intake assembly includes a pumping assembly;
a degassing assembly for removing a predetermined amount of the undesired gases from the layup water, wherein the degassing assembly is operatively connected to the intake assembly whereby the pumping assembly supplies layup water from the intake assembly to the degassing assembly, wherein the degassing assembly comprises at least one degassing module for removing the undesired gases from the layup water under vacuum pressure;
a return assembly for returning the layup water from the degassing assembly to the at least one plant component;
a degassing assembly bypass operatively connected to the intake assembly, whereby the layup water withdrawn from the at least one plant component is returned directly to the at least one plant component without passing through degassing assembly; and
a control assembly for selectively operating the degassing assembly bypass during predetermined conditions.
11. A process of removing undesired gases from a layup solution during a layup operation of a power plant, wherein the power plant includes at least one power plant component, comprising:
removing a supply of layup solution from the at least one power plant component;
passing the supply of layup solution through a degassing assembly to remove a predetermined amount of undesired gases from the layup solution, wherein the undesired gases are removed from the layup solution under vacuum pressure; and
returning the supply of layup solution to the at least one power plant component.
12. The process of removing undesired gases according to claim 11, wherein passing the supply of layup solution through a degassing assembly comprises:
passing the supply of layup solution through at least one degassing module; and
applying vacuum pressure to the at least one degassing module to withdraw at least a predetermined amount of undesired gas from the layup solution.
13. The process of removing undesired gases according to claim 12, wherein each degassing module includes at least one membrane filter containing a plurality of hollow fibers, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are permeable to the undesired gases, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are impermeable to the layup water, wherein the vacuum pressure is applied to the plurality of hollow fibers to draw the undesired gases into the plurality of hollow fibers.
14. The process of removing undesired gases according to claim 11, further comprising:
monitoring the content of undesired gases within the layup solution.
15. The liquid degassing system according to claim 10, wherein the at least one degassing module comprises:
at least one membrane filter containing a plurality of hollow fibers, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are permeable to the undesired gases, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are impermeable to the layup water.
16. The liquid degassing system according to claim 15, wherein each of the hollow fibers is formed from a polymeric material.
17. The liquid degassing system according to claim 10, wherein the degassing assembly further comprises:
at least one vacuum assembly operatively connected to the at least one degassing module, wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the at least one degassing module to remove the undesired gas in the layup water within the degassing module.
18. The liquid degassing system according to claim 17, wherein the at least one degassing module comprises:
at least one membrane filter containing a plurality of hollow fibers, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are permeable to the undesired gases, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are impermeable to the layup water; and
wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the at least one membrane filter such that the undesired gases are drawn through the plurality of hollow fibers.
19. The liquid degassing system according to claim 10, wherein the degassing assembly includes a plurality of degassing modules, wherein each degassing module comprises:
at least one membrane filter containing a plurality of hollow fibers, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are permeable to the undesired gases, wherein the plurality of hollow fibers are impermeable to the layup water.
20. The liquid degassing system according to claim 19, wherein each of the hollow fibers is formed from a polymeric material.
21. The liquid degassing system according to claim 19, wherein the degassing assembly further comprises:
at least one vacuum assembly operatively connected to the plurality of degassing modules, wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the plurality of degassing modules to remove the undesired gas from the layup water, wherein the at least one vacuum assembly supplies vacuum pressure to the at least one membrane filter such that the undesired gases are drawn through the plurality of hollow fibers.
22. The liquid degassing system according to claim 10, further comprising:
at least one gas sensor for measuring the content of the undesired gas within the layup water within the liquid degassing system.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle, comprising:
an outer housing having outer connections able to be connected to an outer supply pipe and an outer discharge pipe for a first fluid, said outer connections being intergrated into walls of said outer housing in a diagonally mismatched arrangement; and,
an inner conduit cell surrounded by said housing and having an inner supply pipe and an inner discharge pipe for a second fluid passing through said inner conduit cell, said inner conduit cell having lamellas oriented parallel to a direction of flow of said second fluid, with said first fluid coming into contact with an outer contact surface of said inner conduit cell prior to exiting said outer housing for creating a heat exchange between, and without a mixing of, said first fluid and said second fluid.
2. The fuel cooler with larnellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said first fluid is a fuel and said second fluid is a coolant.
3. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said first fluid is a coolant and said second fluid is a fuel.
4. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a direction of flow of said first fluid through said outer housing is opposite to the direction of flow of said second fluid through said inner conduit cell.
5. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising additional lamellas within a portion of said outer housing not occupied by said inner conduit cell, said additional lamellas being positioned parallel toward a direction of flow of said first fluid through said outer housing.
6. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said inner conduit cell has a cuboid structure.
7. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said outer housing is made of a metal having a high thermal conductivity.
8. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said inner conduit cell is made of a metal having a high thermal conductivity.
9. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said lamellas of said inner conduit cell are made of a metal having a high thermal conductivity.
10. The fuel cooler with lamellar inner structures for connecting to an air-conditioning system of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said outer connections of said outer housing include a first outer connection integrated into a top wall of said outer housing and a second outer connection integrated into a bottom wall of said outer housing in said diagonally mismatched arrangement.

1. A method of enhanced jitter rejection and drift-following while decoding a limited run length encoded signal, the method including:
creating and maintaining in real time using an electronic device a time-varying histogram of transitions in the limited run length encoded signal; and
decoding the limited run length encoded signal with the electronic device, using an absence of transitions falling in particular bins of the histogram to demark one or more boundaries between single and double length intervals among transitions, whereby the decoding proceeds without a need for synchronization within a frame between source and decoder clocks.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the limited run length encoded signal includes a triple length interval among transitions, in addition to the single and double length intervals, further including using the absence of transitions in the particular bins to demark the boundaries between the double and triple length intervals among transitions.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the decoding recovers a magnitude of a sample from the frame.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the limited run length encoded signal uses a biphase mark code compliant with a standard for a SPDIF interface and the decoding recovers magnitudes of audio samples.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the limited run length encoded signal is compliant with an AES3 interface standard and the decoding recovers magnitudes of audio samples.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the limited run length encoded signal uses a Manchester code and the decoding recovers data from the Manchester code signal.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the time-varying histogram of transitions is maintained in a series of registers that are incremented when a transition falls into a time slot represented by the register and decremented with a frequency proportional to a value stored in the register.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein a set of lines correspond to bits in the registers, further including decrementing a particular register when a line corresponding to a bit in the particular register is active and the corresponding bit in the particular register has a \u201c1\u201d value.
9. The method of claim 8, further including activating the lines orthogonally, only one line per clock pulse, and activating particular lines at a rate proportional to their magnitude in the registers, whereby the line corresponding to the most significant bit is activated at least as often as all of the lines corresponding to the less significant bits, combined.
10. An decoder device that rejects jitter while decoding a limited run length encoded signal, the device including:
an input that receives a limited run length encoded signal having transitions separated by at least single and double length intervals;
a clock running at least four times the frequency of a single length interval;
a histogram array coupled to the input and the clock that includes:
a series of registers representing a histogram of transitions in the limited run length encoded signal;
first logic that increments a register index responsive to the clock;
second logic, coupled to the series of registers and the register index, that responds to detection of a next transition by,
incrementing a value in a particular register corresponding to the register index and
resetting the register index;

third logic coupled to the clock and the series of registers that decrements respective registers with a frequency proportional to values in the respective registers; and
decoder logic, responsive to the clock and the next transition and coupled the input and the binary weighted frequency array, that uses the binary weighted frequency array to discriminate between the single and double length intervals among the transitions.
11. The device of claim 10, wherein the third logic includes a set of lines correspond to bits in the registers and logic that decrements a particular register when a line corresponding to a bit in the particular register is active and the corresponding bit in the particular register has a \u201c1\u201d value.
12. The device of claim 11, wherein the third logic further includes logic that activates the lines orthogonally, only one line per clock pulse, and activates particular lines at a rate proportional to a magnitude of the corresponding bit in the registers, so that the line corresponding to the most significant bit is activated at least as often as all of the lines corresponding to the less significant bits, combined.
13. A non-transitory machine readable storage media recording computer instructions adapted to enhanced jitter rejection and drift-following while decoding a limited run length encoded signal, the computer instructions including instructions to:
create and maintain in real time a time-varying histogram of transitions in the limited run length encoded signal; and
decode the limited run length encoded signal, using an absence of transitions falling in particular bins of the histogram to demark one or more boundaries between single and double length intervals among transitions, whereby the decoding proceeds without a need for synchronization within a frame between source and decoder clocks.
14. The non-transitory machine readable storage media of claim 13, wherein the limited run length encoded signal includes a triple length interval among transitions, in addition to the single and double length intervals, further including instructions to use the absence of transitions in the particular bins to demark the boundaries between the double and triple length intervals among transitions.
15. A non-transitory computer readable storage media, recording computer instructions adapted to configure a programmable logic array device, including at least an FPGA, or to generate a cell design in a custom integrated circuit device, the resulting device providing enhanced jitter rejection and drift-following while decoding a limited run length encoded signal, the computer instructions including instructions to:
create and maintain in real time a time-varying histogram of transitions in the limited run length encoded signal; and
decode the limited run length encoded signal, using an absence of transitions falling in particular bins of the histogram to demark one or more boundaries between single and double length intervals among transitions, whereby the decoding proceeds without a need for synchronization within a frame between source and decoder clocks.
16. The non-transitory computer readable storage media of claim 15, wherein the limited run length encoded signal includes a triple length interval among transitions, in addition to the single and double length intervals, further including instructions to use the absence of transitions in the particular bins to demark the boundaries between the double and triple length intervals among transitions.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A structure for measuring misalignment of patterns, comprising:
a first wiring including a first lower pattern and a first upper pattern, the first upper pattern extending in a y-direction, a first end portion of the first upper pattern that is proximal to a negative y-direction contacting the first lower pattern; and
a second wiring including a second lower pattern and a second upper pattern, the second upper pattern extending in the y-direction, a second end portion of the second upper pattern that is proximal to a positive y-direction contacting the second lower pattern, and the second wiring being spaced apart from the first wiring in the negative y-direction.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein
the first wiring has a first resistance which changes according to a first misalignment between the first upper pattern and the first lower pattern in the y-direction, and
the second wiring has a second resistance which changes according to a second misalignment between the second upper pattern and the second lower pattern in the y-direction.
3. The structure of claim 2, wherein the first resistance increases when the second resistance decreases.
4. A structure for measuring misalignment of patterns, comprising:
a first wiring including a first lower pattern and a first upper pattern, the first upper pattern extending in a y-direction and contacting the first lower pattern;
a second wiring including a second lower pattern and a second upper pattern, the second upper pattern extending in the y-direction and contacting the second lower pattern, the second wiring being spaced apart from the first wiring in a negative y-direction;
two first parallel lines extending in an x-direction perpendicular to the y-direction, each of the first parallel lines having a first tab, the first wiring being between the two first parallel lines; and
two second parallel lines extending in the x-direction, each of the second parallel lines having a second tab, the second wiring being between the two second parallel lines,
wherein a first end portion of the first upper pattern that is proximal to a positive y-direction overlaps the first tab, and a second end portion of the second upper pattern that is proximal to the negative y-direction overlaps the second tab.
5. The structure of claim 4, wherein
the first lower pattern includes a first self-aligned contact plug and the first upper pattern includes a first capacitor contact plug, and
the second lower pattern includes a second self-aligned contact plug and the second upper pattern includes a second capacitor contact plug.
6. The structure of claim 5, wherein the first and second parallel lines include bit lines, and the first and second tabs include bit line tabs.
7. The structure of claim 4, wherein
the first wiring has a first resistance which changes according to a first misalignment between the first upper pattern and the first lower pattern in the y-direction, and
the second wiring has a second resistance which changes according to a second misalignment between the second upper pattern and the second lower pattern in the y-direction.
8. The structure of claim 7, wherein the first resistance increases when the second resistance decreases.
9. A structure for measuring misalignment of patterns, comprising:
a first wiring including a first lower pattern and a first upper pattern, the first lower pattern extending in a y-direction, a first end portion of the first lower pattern that is proximal to a positive y-direction contacting the first upper pattern; and
a second wiring including a second lower pattern and a second upper pattern, the second lower pattern extending in the y-direction, a second end portion of the second lower pattern that is proximal to a negative y-direction contacting the second upper pattern, and the second wiring being spaced apart from the first wiring in the negative y-direction.
10. The structure of claim 9, wherein
the first lower pattern includes a first capacitor contact plug and the first upper pattern includes a first storage node electrode of a first capacitor, and
the second lower pattern includes a second capacitor contact plug and the second upper pattern includes a second storage node electrode of a second capacitor.
11. The structure of claim 10, further comprising:
a first self-aligned contact plug electrically connected to the first capacitor contact plug and a second self-aligned contact plug electrically connected to the second capacitor contact plug.
12-20. (canceled)