Author: claimsbot

1. A method for driving an active matrix liquid crystal display device comprising plural pixel thin film transistors and a liquid crystal which has a V-shaped electrooptical characteristic, comprising the steps of:
applying a first picture signal to a first sub-frame so that a first picture display is performed;
applying a second picture signal having an opposite polarity to the first picture signal to a second sub-frame so that a second picture display is performed; and
applying a reset signal to a third sub-frame after applying the second picture signal so that a black picture display is performed.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein each of the first and second picture signals and the reset signal is applied to a corresponding pixel element of the liquid crystal display device.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein digital video data are converted into the first and second picture signals and the reset signal.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein the liquid crystal display device is incorporated into an electronic apparatus selected from the group consisting of a video camera, a digital camera, a rear-type projector, a front-type projector, a head-mounting display device, a car navigator, a personal computer and a portable information terminal.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the liquid crystal comprises an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the first picture signal, the second picture signal and the reset signal are applied to the pixel thin film transistors.
7. A method for driving an active matrix liquid crystal display device comprising plural pixel thin film transistors and a liquid crystal which has a V-shaped electrooptical characteristic, comprising the steps of:
applying a first picture signal to a first sub-frame;
applying a second picture signal to a second sub-frame; and
applying a reset signal to a third sub-frame so that a black picture display is performed,
wherein the first and second picture signals are equal to each other in absolute value and opposite to each other in polarity.
8. A method according to claim 7 wherein each of the first and second picture signals and the reset signal is applied to a corresponding pixel element of the liquid crystal display device.
9. A method according to claim 7 wherein digital video data are converted into the first and second picture signals and the reset signal.
10. A method according to claim 7 wherein the liquid crystal display device is incorporated into an electronic apparatus selected from the group consisting of a video camera, a digital camera, a rear-type projector, a front-type projector, a head-mounting display device, a car navigator, a personal computer and a portable information terminal.
11. A method according to claim 7 wherein the liquid crystal comprises an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.
12. A method according to claim 7 wherein the first picture signal, the second picture signal and the reset signal are applied to the pixel thin film transistors.
13. A method for driving an liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal which has a V-shaped electrooptical characteristic, comprising the step of:
providing picture signals with active matrix elements;
wherein one frame in each of the picture signals is constituted by n sub-frames (n stands for a natural number of 2 or greater),
wherein a reset signal is applied so that a black display is performed during m sub-frames of the n sub-frames (1\u2266m<n, m stands for a natural number),
wherein first and second picture signals are applied during (n\u2212m) sub-frames, and
wherein the second picture signal has an opposite polarity to the first picture signal.
14. A method according to claim 13 wherein each of the picture signals are applied to a corresponding pixel TFT of the liquid crystal display device.
15. A method according to claim 13 wherein digital video data are converted into the picture signals.
16. A method according to claim 13 wherein the liquid crystal display device is incorporated into an electronic apparatus selected from the group consisting of a video camera, a digital camera, a rear-type projector, a front-type projector, a head-mounting display device, a car navigator, a personal computer and a portable information terminal.
17. A method according to claim 13 wherein the liquid crystal comprises an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.
18. A method according to claim 13 wherein the liquid crystal display device is an active matrix display device in which the first signal, the second signal and the reset signal are applied to a thin film transistor in each pixel.
19. A method for driving a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal which has a V-shaped electrooptical characteristic, comprising the step of:
providing picture signals with active matrix elements;
wherein one frame in each of the picture signals is constituted by n sub-frames (n stands for a natural number of 2 or greater),
wherein a black display by a reset signal is performed during m sub-frames of the n sub-frames (1\u22668 m<n, m stands for a natural number),
wherein displays by at least first and second picture signals are performed during (n\u2212m) sub-frames,
wherein the second picture signal has an opposite polarity to the first picture signal, and
wherein the reset signal is applied after the second picture signal was applied.
20. A method according to claim 19 wherein each of the picture signals is applied to a corresponding pixel element of the liquid crystal display device.
21. A method according to claim 19 wherein digital video data are converted into the picture signals.
22. A method according to claim 19 wherein the liquid crystal display device is incorporated into an electronic apparatus selected from the group consisting of a video camera, a digital camera, a rear-type projector, a front-type projector, a head-mounting display device, a car navigator, a personal computer and a portable information terminal.
23. A method according to claim 19 wherein the liquid crystal comprises an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.
24. A method according to claim 19 wherein the liquid crystal display device is an active matrix display device in which the first signal, the second signal and the reset signal are applied to a thin film transistor in each pixel.
25. A method for driving an active matrix liquid crystal display device comprising plural pixel thin film transistors and a liquid crystal which has a V-shaped electrooptical characteristic, comprising the step of:
forming a display of a picture in one frame by displays in a plurality of sub-frames,
wherein the displays in a plurality of the sub-frames are formed in such a manner that picture signals which are equal to each other in absolute value and opposite to each other in polarity, and
wherein a display of black is formed by applying a reset signal to at least one of a plurality of the sub-frames.
26. A method according to claim 25 wherein each of the picture signals is applied to a corresponding pixel element of the liquid crystal display device.
27. A method according to claim 25 wherein digital video data are converted into the picture signals.
28. A method according to claim 25 wherein the liquid crystal display device is incorporated into an electronic apparatus selected from the group consisting of a video camera, a digital camera, a rear-type projector, a front-type projector, a head-mounting display device, a car navigator, a personal computer and a portable information terminal.
29. A method according to claim 25 wherein the liquid crystal comprises an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.
30. A method according to claim 25 wherein the picture signals and the reset signal are applied to the pixel thin film transistors.
31. A method for driving an active matrix liquid crystal display device comprising plural pixel thin film transistors and a liquid crystal which has a V-shaped electrooptical characteristic, comprising the step of:
forming a display of a picture in one frame by applying picture signals to m sub-frames (m stands for a natural number),
wherein a display of black is performed (n stands for a natural number, and m>n) by applying a reset signal to at least n sub-frames of the m sub-frames, and
wherein the picture signals are equal to each other in absolute value but opposite to each other in polarity.
32. A method according to claim 31 wherein each of the picture signals is applied to a corresponding pixel element of the liquid crystal display device.
33. A method according to claim 31 wherein digital video data are converted into the picture signals.
34. A method according to claim 31 wherein the liquid crystal display device is incorporated into an electronic apparatus selected from the group consisting of a video camera, a digital camera, a rear-type projector, a front-type projector, a head-mounting display device, a car navigator, a personal computer and a portable information terminal.
35. A method according to claim 31 wherein the picture signals and the reset signal are applied to the pixel thin film transistors.
36. A method according to claim 31 wherein the liquid crystal comprises an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A liquid pumping device, comprising:
a barrel;
a cylinder mounted in the barrel;
a conducting rod movably mounted in the cylinder and having an upper end protruding outward from the barrel, an inside formed with a conducting hole and a lower end provided with a oneway valve to allow fluid in the cylinder to flow upward into the conducting hole only;
a piston movably mounted in the cylinder and secured on the lower end of the conducting rod to move therewith, the piston having a peripheral wall formed with a plurality of oneway valves to allow fluid in an upper portion of the cylinder to flow downward into a lower portion of the cylinder only; and
an operation lever secured on the upper end of the conducting rod and having an inside formed with an air channel, the air channel of the operation lever having a mediate portion formed with a reduced neck provided with a pressure release valve having an inside formed with a valve hole communicating with the air channel of the operation lever and the conducting hole of the conducting rod.
2. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the valve hole of the pressure release valve has a dimension smaller than that of the air channel of the operation lever.
3. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the valve hole of the pressure release valve has a narrower first end and a wider second portion.
4. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, further comprising an urging ring mounted between the pressure release valve and the reduced neck of the operation lever.
5. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the air channel of the operation lever has a first end provided with an air inlet nozzle and a control switch and a second end provided with a muffler.
6. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the piston is formed with a through hole mounted on the lower end of the conducting rod.
7. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 6, further comprising a nut screwed onto the lower end of the conducting rod and rested on the piston.
8. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a cover mounted on the top of the barrel and having a first end face formed with a handle formed with a through hole to allow passage of the conducting rod and a second end face formed with a lug inserted into an upper end of the cylinder.
9. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 8, wherein the lug of the cover has an inside formed with a conducting channel mounted on the conducting rod and connected to the inside of the cylinder.
10. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 9, wherein the cover has a side formed with a conducting groove having a first end connected to the conducting channel of the lug and a second end formed with an insertion recess for mounting a fixing ring, and the liquid pumping device further comprises an operation shaft movably mounted on the fixing ring and having a first end rested on the fixing ring and a second end protruding outward from the fixing ring, an adjusting knob secured on the second end of the operation shaft, and an elastic member mounted on the operation shaft and biased between the fixing ring and the adjusting knob.
11. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 10, wherein the conducting groove of the cover has a mediate portion formed with a through hole connected to the inside of the barrel and provided with a float.
12. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 8, further comprising a mounting ring mounted between the lug of the cover and the conducting rod.
13. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the barrel has a top formed with a suction hole for mounting a suction pipe which is mounted in the suction hole of the barrel by a seal.
14. The liquid pumping device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the sealing ring is mounted on a lower end of the cylinder.

1. An apparatus comprising:
an array of dome spring elements for use in a switch array, wherein each of the dome spring elements defines a chamber; and
a plurality of channels that interconnect the chambers of the dome spring elements such that each chamber of each dome spring element is in fluid communication with the chamber of at least one of the other dome spring elements.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the switch array is a keyboard.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and regions between the dome spring elements have substantially no holes.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and the channels include grooves on a bottom major surface of the sheet-like member.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and the channels a re contained within a bottom major surface of the sheet-like member and a top major surface of the sheet-like member.
6. The array of dome spring elements of claim 1, wherein upon actuation of one of the dome spring elements, air is forced through at least one of the channels to redistribute air between the chambers of different dome spring elements.
7. A keyboard comprising:
an array of sensor elements that generate signals in response to a force; and
an array of dome spring elements corresponding to the sensor elements, wherein each of the dome spring elements defines a chamber, and wherein each chamber of each dome spring element is in fluid communication with the chamber of at least one of the other dome spring elements.
8. The keyboard of claim 7, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and regions between the dome spring elements have substantially no holes.
9. The keyboard of claim 7, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and the channels include grooves on a bottom major surface of the sheet-like member.
10. The keyboard of claim 7, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and the channels are contained within a bottom major surface of the sheet-like member and a top major surface of the sheet-like member.
11. The keyboard of claim 7, further comprising a base plate adjacent the array of sensor elements.
12. The keyboard of claim 7, wherein the array of sensor elements comprises an electronic membrane.
13. The keyboard of claim 7, further comprising a set of alignment elements adjacent the array of dome spring elements.
14. The keyboard of claim 13, wherein the set of alignment elements are scissors hinges.
15. The keyboard of claim 13, wherein the set of alignment elements includes a top layer engaged with a bottom layer.
16. The keyboard of claim 15, wherein the top and bottom layers are hook films including hook-like elements that provide an interlocking arrangement between the top and bottom layers.
17. The keyboard of claim 16, wherein the hook films comprise a top hook film and bottom hook film, the bottom hook film including holes corresponding to the dome spring elements, wherein the dome spring elements exert a bias force against the top hook film.
18. The keyboard of claim 16, wherein the top layer includes a plurality of top hook films, wherein each dome spring element exerts a bias force against one of the plurality of top hook films.
19. The keyboard of claim 15, wherein the top layer includes substantially rigid elements and elastic regions between the rigid elements, wherein each dome spring element exerts a bias force against one of the rigid elements.
20. The keyboard of claim 19, wherein the rigid elements comprise keys.
21. The keyboard of claim 13, further comprising a set of keycaps adjacent the set of alignment elements.
22. A system comprising:
a processor coupled to an input device, the input device including an array of sensor elements that generate signals in response to a force and an array of dome spring elements corresponding to the sensor elements, each dome spring element defining a chamber,
wherein a plurality of channels interconnect the chambers of the dome spring elements such that each chamber of each dome spring element is in fluid communication with the chamber of at least one of the other dome spring elements.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein the system is a desktop computer and the input device is a keyboard.
24. The system of claim 22, wherein the system is a laptop computer and the input device is a keyboard on the laptop computer.
25. The system of claim 22, wherein the system is a handheld computer and the input device is a key pad on the handheld computer.
26. The system of claim 22, wherein the system is a cellular telephone and the input device is a key pad on the cellular telephone.
27. The system of claim 22, wherein the system includes an instrument panel and the input device is a key pad on the instrument panel.
28. The system of claim 22, wherein the system is an appliance and the input device is a key pad on the appliance.
29. The system of claim 22, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and regions between the dome spring elements have substantially no holes.
30. The system of claim 22, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and the channels include grooves on a bottom major surface of the sheet-like member.
31. The system of claim 22, wherein the array of dome spring elements are formed in a sheet-like member, and the channels are contained within a bottom major surface of the sheet-like member and a top major surface of the sheet-like member.
32. The system of claim 22, wherein the input device further includes a set of alignment elements adjacent the array of dome spring elements.
33. The system of claim 32, wherein the set of alignment elements includes a top layer engaged with a bottom layer.
34. The system of claim 33, wherein the top and bottom layers are hook films including hook-like elements that provide an interlocking arrangement between the top and bottom layers.
35. The system of claim 34, wherein the hook films comprise a top hook film and bottom hook film, the bottom hook film including holes corresponding to the dome spring elements, wherein the dome spring elements exert a bias force against the top hook film.
36. The system of claim 34, wherein the top layer includes a plurality of top hook films, wherein each dome spring element exerts a bias force against one of the plurality of top hook films.
37. The system of claim 33, wherein the top layer includes substantially rigid elements and elastic regions between the rigid elements, wherein each dome spring element exerts a bias force against one of the rigid elements.
38. The system of claim 37, wherein the rigid elements comprise keys.
39. The system of claim 37, further comprising a set of key caps adjacent the rigid elements.
40. An apparatus comprising:
an array of dome spring elements for use in a switch array, wherein each of the dome spring elements defines a chamber; and
means for interconnecting the chambers of the dome spring elements such that each chamber of each dome spring element is in fluid communication with the chamber of at least one of the other dome spring elements.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of verifying an animation applied in a mobile device, the method comprising:
time-slicing the animation into multiple scenes at predetermined time points along a timeline of the animation;
capturing actual data of each scene at each of the time points while the animation is running;
comparing the actual data of each scene with expected data of the corresponding scene to determine whether the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene;
if the actual data of any scene does not match the expected data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification failure;
if the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification success;
reconstructing the animation from the actual data captured;
capturing actual reconstructed data of each scene at each of the time points while the reconstructed animation is running;
comparing the actual reconstructed data of each scene with the actual data of the corresponding scene to determine whether the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene;
if the actual reconstructed data of any scene does not match the actual data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification failure; and
if the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene and if the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification success.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
storing the expected data of each scene;
storing the actual data of each scene;
logging the actual data of each scene;
storing the actual reconstructed data of each scene; and
logging the actual reconstructed data of each scene.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein capturing actual data of each scene includes taking a first set of screenshots of the animation at each corresponding time point, and wherein capturing actual reconstructed data of each scene includes taking a second set of screenshots of the reconstructed animation at each corresponding time point.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein comparing the actual reconstructed data of each scene with the actual data of the corresponding scene includes comparing the second set of screenshots with the first set of screenshots to determine whether the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein time-slicing the animation includes:
selecting a start time point and an end time point, the start time point indicating a time point when the animation starts and the end time point indicating a time point when the animation ends; and
selecting one or more intermittent time points between the start time point and the end time point, wherein the intermittent time points are evenly allocated between the start time point and the end time point along the timeline of the animation.
6. A system for verification of an animation applied in a mobile device, the system comprising:
a timer module programmed to time-slice the animation into multiple scenes at predetermined time points along a timeline of the animation;
a first capture module programmed to capture actual data of each scene at each of the time points while the animation is running;
a first comparison module programmed to compare the actual data of each scene with expected data of the corresponding scene to determine whether the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene;
a first output module programmed to generate a verification failure if the actual data of any scene does not match the expected data of the corresponding scene, and to generate a verification success if the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene;
a reconstruction module programmed to reconstruct the animation from the actual data captured;
a second capture module programmed to capture actual reconstructed data of each scene at each of the time points while the reconstructed animation is running;
a second comparison module programmed to compare the actual reconstructed data of each scene with the actual data of the corresponding scene to determine whether the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene; and
a second output module programmed to generate a verification failure if the actual reconstructed data of any scene does not match the actual data of the corresponding scene, and to generate a verification success if the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene and if the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the expected data includes data corresponding to size, position, color and opacity for a plurality of elements in each scene.
8. The system of claim 6, further comprising:
a first store module programmed to store the actual data of each scene;
a first log module programmed to log the actual data of each scene;
a second store module programmed to store the actual reconstructed data of each scene; and
a second log module programmed to log the actual reconstructed data of each scene.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the first capture module includes a first screenshot module programmed to take a first set of screenshots of the animation at each corresponding time point, and wherein the second capture module includes a second screenshot module programmed to take a second set of screenshots of the reconstructed animation at each corresponding time point.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the second comparison module includes a third comparison module programmed to compare the second set of screenshots with the first set of screenshots to determine whether the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene.
11. The system of claim 6, wherein the predetermined time points include a start time point and an end time point, the start time point indicating a time point when the animation starts and the end time point indicating a time point when the animation ends.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the predetermined time points include one or more intermittent time points between the start time point and the end time point.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the intermittent time points are evenly allocated between the start time point and the end time point along the timeline of the animation.
14. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions for performing steps comprising:
time-slicing the animation into multiple scenes at predetermined time points along a timeline of the animation;
capturing actual data of each scene at each of the time points while the animation is running;
comparing the actual data of each scene with expected data of the corresponding scene to determine whether the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene;
if the actual data of any scene does not match the expected data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification failure;
if the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification success;
reconstructing the animation from the actual data captured;
capturing actual reconstructed data of each scene at each of the time points while the reconstructed animation is running;
comparing the actual reconstructed data of each scene with the actual data of the corresponding scene to determine whether the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene;
if the actual reconstructed data of any scene does not match the actual data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification failure; and
if the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene and if the actual data of each scene matches the expected data of the corresponding scene, generating a result indicating a verification success.
15. The computer storage medium of claim 14, further comprising:
storing the expected data of each scene;
storing the actual data of each scene;
logging the actual data of each scene;
storing the actual reconstructed data of each scene; and
logging the actual reconstructed data of each scene.
16. The computer storage medium of claim 14, wherein capturing actual data of each scene includes taking a first set of screenshots of the animation at each corresponding time point, and wherein capturing actual reconstructed data of each scene includes taking a second set of screenshots of the reconstructed animation at each corresponding time point.
17. The computer storage medium of claim 16, wherein comparing the actual reconstructed data of each scene with the actual data of the corresponding scene includes comparing the second set of screenshots with the first set of screenshots to determine whether the actual reconstructed data of each scene matches the actual data of the corresponding scene.
18. The computer storage medium of claim 14, wherein time-slicing the animation includes:
selecting a start time point and an end time point, the start time point indicating a time point when the animation starts and the end time point indicating a time point when the animation ends; and
selecting one or more intermittent time points between the start time point and the end time point, wherein the intermittent time points are evenly allocated between the start time point and the end time point along the timeline of the animation.