Author: claimsbot

1. A white organic light emitting diode, comprising:
an emission layer arranged between a first electrode and a second electrode,
wherein the emission layer comprises a blue emission layer and an emission layer excluding blue, the emission layer being capable of emitting white light, and
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a phosphorescent material and a mixture comprising a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material.
2. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a yellow emission layer.
3. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a green and red mixed emission layer.
4. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a green emission layer and a red emission layer.
5. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the blue emission layer comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of FIrpic, biphenylanthracene, and 4,4\u2032-bis(diphenylamino)stilbene.
6. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the hole transporting material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of 1,3,5-triscarbazolylbenzene; 4,4\u2032-biscarbazolylbiphenyl; polyvinylcarbazole; m-biscarbazolylbiphenyl; 4,4\u2032-biscarbazolyl-2,2\u2032-dimethylbiphenyl; 4,4\u2032,4\u2033-tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine; 1,3,5-tris(2-carbazolylphenyl)benzene; 1,3,5-tris(2-carbazolyl-5-methoxyphenyl)benzene; and Bi(4-carbazolylphenyl)silane.
7. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the electron transporting material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of bis(8-hydroxyquinolato)biphenoxy aluminum; bis(8-hydroxyquinolato)phenoxy aluminum; bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolato)biphenoxy aluminum; bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolato)phenoxy aluminum; bis(2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)quinolato)zinc; (4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol; 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-9,10-phenanthroline(BCP); 2,4,6-tris(diarylamino)-1,3,5-triazine; and 3-phenyl-4-( 1 \u2032-naphthyl)-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol.
8. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the weight ratio of the hole transporting material to the electron transporting material is about 1:9 to 9:1.
9. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the phosphorescent material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of Ir(pq)2acac, Ir(piq)2acac, and Irppy3.
10. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the amount of the phosphorescent material is about 1 to 20 percent by weight of the mixture of the hole transporting material and the electron transporting material.
11. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 1,
wherein the blue emission layer is about 10 to 50 nm thick.
12. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 2,
wherein the yellow emission layer is about 10 to 50 nm thick.
13. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 3,
wherein the green and red mixed emission layer is about 10 to 50 nm thick.
14. The white organic light emitting diode of claim 4,
wherein the green emission layer is about 5 to 45 nm thick, and
the red emission layer is about 5 to 45 nm thick.
15. A method of manufacturing a white organic light emitting diode, the method comprising:
forming a first electrode on a substrate;
forming a blue emission layer on the first electrode;
forming an emission layer excluding blue on the blue emission layer; and
forming a second electrode on the emission layer excluding blue,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue is formed by doping a mixture of hole transporting material and electron transporting material with phosphorescent material.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
forming a hole injecting layer or a hole transporting layer between the first electrode and the blue emission layer; and
forming a hole blocking layer, an electron transporting layer, or an electron injecting layer between the emission layer excluding blue and the second electrode.
17. The method of claim 15,
wherein the emission layer excluding blue comprises a yellow emission layer, a green and red mixed emission layer, or a green emission layer and a red emission layer.
18. The method of claim 15,
wherein the amount of phosphorescent material is about 1 to 20% by weight of the mixture of the hole transporting material and the electron transporting material.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for permitting a potential purchaser to review at least part of the subject matter of a document without being informed of the document’s bibliographic data and for assuring payment to a seller if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document, comprising:
receiving from the potential seller at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document;
obtaining an original version of the document if not received from the potential seller;
generating a new version of the document which does not contain the document’s bibliographic data and which does contain at least part of the subject matter of the original version of the document;
providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser;
obtaining from the potential purchaser an obligation to pay a purchase price if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document; and
providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
5. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising carrying out a purchase transaction electronically and securely using a protocol selected from the group comprising: a) a credit card authorization, b) a debit card transfer, and c) another form of electronic payment.
7. A method for permitting a potential purchaser to review at least part of the subject matter of a document which potentially has a bearing on a patent under test without being informed of the document’s bibliographic data and for assuring payment to a seller if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document, comprising:
providing to the potential seller data identifying the patent under test;
receiving from the potential seller at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document;
obtaining an original version of the document if not received from the potential seller;
generating a new version of the document which does not contain the document’s bibliographic data and which does contain at least part of the subject matter of the document;
providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser;
obtaining from the potential purchaser an obligation to pay a purchase price if the purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document; and
providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing the new version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser if the potential purchaser chooses to purchase at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser in electronic form further comprises providing at least one of the document’s bibliographic data and an original version of the document to the potential purchaser via an internet web page.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data identifying the patent under test further comprises providing to the potential seller data in an electronic format identifying the patent under test.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data in an electronic format identifying the patent under test further comprises providing to the potential seller data via an internet web page identifying the patent under test.
14. The method of claim 7, further comprising providing to the potential seller data identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art further comprises providing to the potential seller data in an electronic form identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of providing to the potential seller data in an electronic form identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art further comprises providing to the potential seller data via an internet web page identifying a date by which a document must have been published, or in the case of a patent issued or effectively filed, in order to be applied against the patent under test as prior art.
17. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of providing to the potential purchaser data selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the step of providing to the potential purchaser data selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published further comprises providing to the potential purchaser data in an electronic form selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of providing to the potential purchaser data in an electronic form selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published further comprises providing to the potential purchaser data via a web page on the internet selected from the group consisting of (a) a date before which the document was published; (b) a country in which the document was published; and (c) the type of publication in which the document was published.
20. The method of claim 7, further comprising carrying out a purchase transaction electronically and securely using a protocol selected from the group comprising: a) a credit card authorization, b) a debit card transfer, and c) another form of electronic payment.

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus for indicating a state of a valve, the valve having a stem being movable in closing and opening directions between closed and open valve positions, the apparatus comprising:
a first cam system being biased in the opening direction, the first cam system capable of adjustably engaging the stem when the stem is adjacent to the closed valve position and being movable by the stem in the closing direction once engaged, and
a second cam system being integral to or separate from the first cam system and being biased in the closing direction, the second cam system capable of adjustably engaging the stem when the stem is adjacent to the open valve position and being movable by the stem in the opening direction once engaged, and
an indicator moveable by the first and the second cam systems and capable of indicating at least open, intermediate, and closed states of the valve.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each cam system comprises:
a holder biased by a spring and capable of moving the indicator,
a rod on the holder, and
a member being adjustable on the rod.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the adjustable member is a ring being threaded on the rod and defining a split, the split fitting into a track on the holder.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the stem has an adapter to engage the adjustable member.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indicator is biased in the closing direction.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indicator indicates the intermediate state in the absence of engagement of the stem with the first and second cam systems.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indicator comprises first and second visual portions, the indicator indicating neither portion for the closed valve state, indicating only one portion for the intermediate valve state, and indicating both portions for the open valve state.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indicator comprises:
a first member capable of engaging the first cam system when moved by the first biasing member in the opening direction, and
a second member being further disposed in the closing direction than the first member and capable of engaging the second cam system when moved by the stem in the opening direction.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising
a first switch capable of being actuated by the first cam system when the stem is at the closed valve position; and
a second switch capable of being actuated by the second cam system when the stem is at the open position.
10. The apparatus of 9, wherein the first and second switches electrically indicate the open, intermediate, and closed states of the valve.
11. An apparatus for visually and electronically indicating a state of a valve, the valve having a stem being movable in closing and opening directions between closed and open valve positions, the apparatus comprising:
a first cam system comprising:
a first adjustable member engaging the stem when the stem is adjacent to the closed valve position, the first cam system being movable by the stem in a closing direction once engaged, and
a first biasing member forcing the first cam system in the opening direction;

a first switch capable of being actuated by the first cam system when the stem is at the closed valve position;
a second cam system being integral to or separate from the first cam system and comprising:
a second adjustable member engaging the stem when the stem is adjacent to the open valve position, the second cam system being movable by the stem in the opening direction once engaged, and
a second biasing member forcing the second cam system in the closing direction;

a second switch capable of being actuated by the second cam system when the stem is at the valve open position; and
an indicator moveable by the first and the second cam systems and capable of indicating at least open, intermediate, and closed states of the valve.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the stem has an adapter to engage the first and second adjustable members.
13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein each cam system comprises:
a holder biased by a spring and capable of moving the indicator,
a threaded rod on the holder, and
a ring adjustably threaded on the rod.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the ring defines a split fitting into a track on the holder, the ring being adjustable by rotation of the rod.
15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the indicator is biased in the closing direction.
16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the indicator indicates the intermediate state in the absence of engagement of the stem with the first and second cam systems.
17. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the indicator comprises first and second visual portions, the indicator indicating neither portion for the closed valve state, indicating only one portion for the intermediate valve state, and indicating both portions for the open valve state.
18. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the indicator comprises:
a first member capable of engaging the first cam system when moved by the first biasing member in the opening direction, and
a second member being further disposed in the closing direction than the first member and capable of engaging the second cam system when moved by the stem in the opening direction.
19. A method for indicating states of a valve having a stem, the stem being movable in closing and opening directions between closed and open valve positions, the method comprising the steps of:
a) adjusting a first cam system to engage the stem adjacent the closed valve position;
b) adjusting a second cam system to engage the stem adjacent the opened valve position;
c) indicating a closed-valve state by displacing the first cam system in the closing direction with the stem to the closed valve position;
d) indicating an open-valve state by displacing the second cam system in the opening direction with the stem to the opened valve position; and
e) indicating an intermediate-valve state in the absence of engagement of the stem with the first and second cam system by biasing the first cam system in the opening direction and biasing the second cam system in the closing direction.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the step (a) comprises adjusting a member on a rod of the first cam system, the member capable of engaging the stem.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein adjusting the member on the rod comprises rotating the rod to move a ring threaded on the rod, the ring defining a split fitting in a track on the first cam system.
22. The method of claim 19, wherein the step (c) comprises displacing a visual indicator in the closing direction to a minimum level by biasing the visual indicator in the closing direction and removing counter-forces on the visual indicator.
23. The method of claim 19, wherein the step (c) further comprises actuating an open-valve indication switch.
24. The method of claim 19, wherein the step (d) comprises displacing a visual indicator in the opening direction to a maximum level by engaging the second cam system with the visual indicator.
25. The method of claim 19, wherein the step (d) further comprises actuating a closed-valve indication switch.
26. The method of claim 19, wherein the step (e) comprises displacing a visual indicator in the opening direction to an intermediate level by engaging the first cam system with the visual indicator.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A tetrazolinone compound represented by formula (1):
wherein
R1 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group optionally having a fluorine atom, or a halogen atom;
R2 and R4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom;
R3 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C3 alkyl group, or a halogen atom;
Z1 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group optionally having a halogen atom;
Z2 represents a C1-C3 alkoxy group optionally having a halogen atom, a C3-C4 alkynyloxy group optionally having a halogen atom, a C1-C3 alkylthio group optionally having a halogen atom, a C2-C4 dialkylamino group, or a cyano group;
Z3 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C3 alkyl group optionally having a halogen atom, a halogen atom, or a cyano group; and
X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
2. The tetrazolinone compound according to claim 1, wherein R1 is a C1-C3 alkyl group or a halogen atom;
R2 and R4 are hydrogen atoms;
R3 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-C3 alkyl group, or a halogen atom;
Z1 is a C1-C3 alkyl group;
Z2 is a cyano group, a C1-C3 alkoxy group, or a C1-C3 alkylthio group;
Z3 is a C1-C3 alkyl group or a halogen atom; and
X is an oxygen atom.
3. The tetrazolinone compound according to claim 1, wherein R1 is a C1-C3 alkyl group;
R2, R3, and R4 are hydrogen atoms;
Z1 is a C1-C3 alkyl group;
Z2 is a cyano group;
Z3 is a C1-C3 alkyl group; and
X is an oxygen atom.
4. A pest control agent comprising the tetrazolinone compound according to claim 1.
5. A method for controlling pests, which comprises treating plants or soil with an effective amount of the tetrazolinone compound according to claim 1.
6. Use of the tetrazolinone compound according to claim 1 for controlling pests.