Author: claimsbot

1. A modulation apparatus for converting data with a basic data length of m bits into variable length code (d k; m, n; r) with a basic code length of n bits where d is a minimum run and k is a run length limit, said modulation apparatus characterized by having conversion means for converting input data into code in accordance with a conversion table wherein said conversion table enforces a conversion rule, according to which the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in a data string by 2 having a value of 0 or 1 shall always be equal to the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in the string of code words resulting from conversion of said data string by 2 and conversion codes of said conversion table comprise:
basic codes for d=1, k=7, m=2 and n=3;
first substitution codes for limiting the number of consecutive appearances of said minimum run d; and
second substitution codes for keeping said run length limit k.
2. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the number of pairs each comprising a data string and a code string composing said basic codes for a constraint length i of 1 is smaller than 4 (=2\u02c6m=2\u02c62).
3. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said basic codes of said conversion tables have a variable length structure.
4. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said basic codes of said conversion tables include a code \u2018*0*\u2019 wherein the symbol * is an indeterminate code which is \u20180\u2019 if an immediately preceding or succeeding code word is \u20181\u2019 and \u20181\u2019 if said immediately preceding or succeeding code word is \u20180\u2019, implying that said code \u2018*0*\u2019 is either \u2018000\u2019 or \u2018101\u2019.
5. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said conversion codes of said conversion tables include codes each determined by referring to an immediately succeeding string of code words or an immediately succeeding data string. 5-1. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said conversion codes of said conversion tables include codes each determined by referring to an immediately succeeding string of code words or a string of code words of a specific type.
6. A modulation apparatus according to claim 5 characterized in that said codes each determined by referring to an immediately succeeding string of code words or an immediately succeeding data string is said first or second substitution codes.
7. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the number of pairs each comprising a data string and a code string composing said basic codes for a constraint length i of 1 is equal to 4 (=2\u02c6m=2\u02c62).
8. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that, for constraint lengths i of 2 and greater, said conversion codes are all said first and second substitution codes.
9. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in said conversion codes for a constraint length i of 2 are codes for keeping said minimum run d at 1. 9-1. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said conversion codes of said conversion tables include codes each determined by referring to an immediately preceding string of code words.
10. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said apparatus further has a synchronization signal inserting means for inserting a synchronization signal including a unique pattern not included in said conversion codes of said conversion table into any arbitrary position in said string of code words.
11. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that said unique pattern is a pattern that breaks said maximum run k.
12. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that said unique pattern is a pattern that keeps said minimum run d.
13. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that a unique pattern in said synchronization signal comprises 1 code word at the head thereof serving as a connection bit with a code word resulting from conversion of up to immediately preceding data, a second bit for keeping said minimum run d and a third bit.
14. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that said synchronization signal is at least 12 code words in size.
15. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that, for a synchronization signal of at least 21 code words in size, said synchronization signal includes at least 2 patterns with a maximum run k of 8.
16. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that said conversion codes of said conversion table include termination codes each for terminating said code resulting from conversion.
17. A modulation apparatus according to claim 16 characterized in that said termination codes are prescribed for said basic codes with a constraint length i, for which the number of pairs each comprising a data string and a code string composing said basic codes is smaller than 4 (=2\u02c6m=2\u02c62), and enforce a conversion rule, according to which the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in a data string by 2 having a value of 0 or 1 shall always be equal to the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in the string of code words resulting from conversion of said data string by 2.
18. A modulation apparatus according to claim 16 characterized in that, in order to identify said termination code, 1 code word at the head of said synchronization signal pattern serving as a connection bit is set at \u20181\u2019 when said termination code is used and at \u20180\u2019 when said termination code is not used.
19. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that said unique pattern is sandwiched by 3 bits at the head of said synchronization signal and 3 bits at the tail of said synchronization signal and said 3 bits at said head and 3 bits at said tail are each used as a junction comprising mixed data and connection bits.
20. A modulation apparatus according to claim 10 characterized in that:
the leading first one of 3 bits at the head of said synchronization signal has a value representing data words prior to conversion viewed in m-bit units;
the next second one of said 3 bits is set at \u20181\u2019 to prescribe said synchronization signal;
the leading first one of 3 bits at the tail of said synchronization signal is set at \u20180\u2019 to prescribe said synchronization signal; and
the next second one of said 3 bits at said tail has a value representing said data words prior to conversion viewed in m-bit units.
21. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said apparatus further has DSV control means for controlling a DSV of input data and supplying said DSV to said conversion means.
22. A modulation apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that said conversion means comprises:
a first code detecting means for detecting said first substitution codes for limiting the number of consecutive appearances of said minimum run d; and
a second code detecting means for detecting said second substitution codes for keeping run length limit.
23. A modulation method to be adopted in a modulation apparatus for converting data with a basic data length of m bits into variable length code (d, k; m, n; r) with a basic code length of n bits where d is a minimum run and k is a run length limit, said. modulation method characterized by including a conversion step of converting input data into code in accordance with a conversion table wherein said conversion table enforces a conversion rule, according to which the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in a data string by 2 having a value of 0 or 1 shall always be equal to the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in the string of code words resulting from conversion of said data string by 2 and conversion codes of said conversion table comprise:
basic codes for d=1, k=7, m=2 and n=3;
first substitution codes for limiting the number of consecutive appearances of said minimum run d; and
second substitution codes for keeping said run length limit k.
24. A program presenting medium for presenting a program implementing processing including a conversion step of converting input data into code in accordance with a conversion table data in a modulation apparatus for converting data with a basic data length of m bits into variable length code (d, k; m, n; r) with a basic code length of n bits where d is a minimum run and k is a run length limit, said program presenting medium characterized in that said conversion table enforces a conversion rule, according to which the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in a data string by 2 having a value of 0 or 1 shall always be equal to the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in the string of code words resulting from conversion of said data string by 2 and conversion codes of said conversion table comprise:
basic codes for d=1, k=7, m=2 and n=3;
first substitution codes for limiting the number of consecutive appearances of said minimum run d; and
second substitution codes for keeping said run length limit k.
25. A demodulation apparatus for converting variable length code (d, k; m, n; r) with a basic code length of n bits into data with a basic data length of m bits where d is a minimum run and k is a run length limit, said demodulation apparatus characterized by having conversion means for converting input code into data in accordance with a conversion table wherein said conversion table enforces a conversion rule, according to which the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in a data string by 2 having a value of 0 or 1 shall always be equal to the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in the string of code words resulting from conversion of said data string by 2 and conversion codes of said conversion table comprise:
basic codes for d=1, k=7, m=2 and n=3;
first substitution codes for limiting the number of consecutive appearances of said minimum run d; and
second substitution codes for keeping said run length limit k.
26. A demodulation apparatus according to claim 25 characterized in that said apparatus further has a bit removing means for removing redundant bits inserted at predetermined intervals into said code.
27. A demodulation apparatus according to claim 26 characterized in that said redundant bits are DSV bits or synchronization signals.
28. A demodulation method to be adopted in a demodulation apparatus for converting variable length code (d, k m, n; r) with a basic code length of n bits into data with a basic data length of m bits where d is a minimum run (and k is a run length limit?), said modulation method characterized by having a conversion step of converting input code into data in accordance with a conversion table wherein said conversion table enforces a conversion rule, according to which the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in a data string by 2 having a value of 0 or 1 shall always be equal to the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in the string of code words resulting from conversion of said data string by 2 and conversion codes of said conversion table comprise:
basic codes for d=1, k=7, m=2 and n=3;
first substitution codes for limiting the number of consecutive appearances of said minimum run d; and
second substitution codes for keeping said run length limit k.
29. A program presenting medium for presenting a program including a conversion step of converting input code into data in accordance with a conversion table in a demodulation apparatus for converting variable length code (d, k; m, n; r) with a basic code length of n bits into data with a basic data length of m bits where d is a minimum run and k is a run length limit, said program presenting medium characterized in that said conversion table enforces a conversion rule, according to which the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019 count of an element in a data string by 2 having a value of 0 or 1 shall always be equal to the remainder of division of a \u20181\u2019, count of an element in the string of code words resulting from conversion of said data string by 2 and conversion codes of said conversion table comprise:
basic codes for d=1, k=7, m=2 and n=3;
first substitution codes for limiting the number of consecutive appearances of said minimum run d; and
second substitution codes for keeping said run length limit k.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A compound for the decoration of ceramics and similar material consisting of a quantity of at least one inorganic pigment and a quantity of at least one mineral glass-former, characterized by the fact that the composition also contains at least one fusion element for the glass-former and an amount of at least one non-polar material.
2. A compound according to conclusion #1, characterized by the fact that the non-polar material is selected out of the group of saturated, unsaturated or cyclical hydrocarbons containing at least 5 carbon atoms. This means: saturated or unsaturated fatty acids or compounds of two or more different fatty acids, fats or mixtures of two or more of the aforecited compounds.
3. A compound according to conclusions #1 or #2, characterized by the fact that a non-polar material is selected out of the group of wax, paraffin, stearin, vybar and a compound of two or more of these elements.
4. A compound according to conclusions #1 till #3, characterized by the fact that the pigment is from inorganic or mineral origin.
5. A compound according to conclusions #1 till #4, characterized by the fact that it contains a quantity of at least one glass-former selected out of the group of clay minerals such as feldspars, aluminium silicates, calcium silicates, boron silicates, titanites and compounds of two or more of these elements.
6. A compound according to conclusions #1 till #5, characterized by the fact that at least one mineral fusion element for the glass-former is selected out of the group with a alkaline forming character, such as: lithium compounds, sodium compounds, potassium compounds and those with a weak alkaline character, such as: magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, barium oxide, lead oxide either as a natural or synthetized compound with acid forming andor amphotere oxides.
7. A compound according to conclusions #1 till #6, characterized by the fact that the pigment is encapsulated in at least one glass-former.
8. A compound according to conclusions #1 till #7, characterized by the fact that it contains 5-20 u.o.w. pigment, 1-10 u.o.w. glass-former and 5-20 u.o.w. non-polar material.
9. A compound according to conclusions #1 till #8, characterized by the fact that it contains one or more of fusion elements to influence the melting-point of the glass-former.
10. A compound according to conclusion #9, characterized by the fact that it contains one or more fusion elements selected out of the group of minerals with a alkaline character as aforecited in conclusion #6.
11. A crayon for the decoration of ceramic products according to the compounds mentioned in conclusions #1 till #10.
12. A compound according to conclusions #1 till #9, characterized by its liquid make-up, containing a quantity of water.
13. A compound according to conclusion #12, characterized by the fact that it contains a quantity of an emulgating agent.
14. A ceramic product with a decoration, produced with a compound according to one of the conclusions #1 till #10, a crayon according to conclusion #11 or the compound according to conclusions #12 and #13.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for removing contaminants from bilgewater, comprising
passing said bilgewater through a fluid-pervious filtration media which has been infused with an absorbtion composition comprising a homogeneous thermal reaction product of an oil component selected from the group consisting of glycerides, fatty acids, alkenes, and alkynes, and a methacrylate or acrylate polymer component; said contaminant being thereby immobilized at said media.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the contaminants comprise organic compounds which are at least slightly soluble in the aqueous phase of the bilgewater.
3. A method in accordance with claim 2, wherein the contaminants are selected from one or more members of the group consisting of oils, benzene, toluene, xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons, and ethoxylated gycols.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the contaminant comprises metal ions selected from one or more members of the group consisting of cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, zinc, arsenic, silver, and mercury.
5. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the bilgewater is oily, and said contaminants are removed to a sufficient level to eliminate visible sheen when the thereby treated bilgewater is discharged into a body of navigable water.
6. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the contaminant is a mixed oily emulsion.
7. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the contaminant includes lipophilic and hydrophilic organic compounds.
8. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the contaminant comprises a colloidal metal.
9. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the said media comprises a nonwoven polypropylene.
10. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the said media comprises paper.
11. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the said media comprises a porous ceramic.
12. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the said media comprises a metal.
13. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the said media comprises a mineral particulate.
14. A method in accordance with claim 13, wherein the said mineral is vermiculite.
15. A method in accordance with claim 13, wherein the said mineral is perlite.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable automatic door, comprising: each of said passive infrared sensors is a thermopile; each of said thermopiles located around said moveable automatic door; said moveable automatic door is adapted to open and close depending on the detection of said object around said moveable automatic door; each of said thermopiles includes at least two thermocouple devices; each of said thermocouple devices includes: a thermocouple having first and second contacts; an isolation layer; said thermocouple engaging said isolation layer; a substrate; said isolation layer engaging said substrate; a first source element and a second source element; an absorptive cover in engagement with said first source element; said first source element and said second source element are thermally coupled to said respective first and second contacts of said thermocouple; and, voltage measuring circuitry affixed to said contacts of said thermocouple.
2. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable automatic door as claimed in claim 1 wherein said substrate is a silicon substrate and said thermocouple includes first and second contacts and wherein said voltage measuring circuitry is interconnected to said first and second contacts of said thermocouple.
3. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable automatic door as claimed in claim 1 further comprising pre-amplifying circuitry interconnected with said voltage measuring circuitry and multiplexing circuitry for communicating voltages measured from each thermocouple.
4. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable automatic door as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a package to house said thermocouples which form said thermopile, a plurality of optical elements, each optical element being adapted to image the portion of infrared radiation emitted from an object onto said first source element of said thermocouple.
5. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable automatic door as claimed in claim 1 wherein the optical elements are lenses adapted to transmit thermal infrared radiation.
6. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable automatic door as claimed in claim 1 wherein said thermocouples are arranged in a linear array.
7. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 1 wherein said array is two-dimensional.
8. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one sensor element is adapted to be a variably selectable reference temperature.
9. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 1 wherein each thermocouple includes a heating element, each heating element being near and adapted to heat a sensitive element so as to attain a variably selectable reference temperature used for monitoring said thermocouple performance.
10. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 9 wherein the heating function can be performed by said thermocouple if a current is generated through said thermocouple.
11. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a supplementary sensor adapted to detect the presence of an object, said supplementary sensor being other than a thermocouple.
12. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 11, wherein said supplementary sensor is selected from the group consisting of a microwave radar sensor, a microwave Doppler sensor, an active infrared sensor and a pyro-electric sensor.
13. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermocouples are fabricated on a common substrate.
14. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 13, wherein said substrate is a silicon substrate and the thermally sensitive sensors are fabricated using CMOS integration technology.
15. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 1 adapted to detect the presence andor motion of said object in a surveillance area extending in andor near said moveable door, wherein said door includes at least one moveable door element adapted to open and close said door, and, wherein said passive infrared sensors are arranged in a linear array that extends substantially parallel to the corresponding door element.
16. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 15, wherein said array of passive infrared sensors include cones extending on both sides of a corresponding moving door element.
17. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 15, wherein said array of passive infrared sensors generate surveillance spots located on ground level or at any height above ground.
18. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 15, wherein said door comprises a sliding door arrangement comprising one or more moving door elements adapted to slide in a plane that is substantially parallel to said door opening, said linear array of passive infrared sensors create surveillance spots across and along the moving door element or the threshold of said door.
19. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 18 comprising two thermally sensitive arrays wherein said linear arrays are arranged to surveil opposite sides of said door threshold.
20. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 15, wherein said door comprises a swinging door arrangement comprising one or more swinging doors, at least one thermally sensitive array of thermocouples is provided for each swinging door, wherein said thermally sensitive array of thermocouples move with said corresponding swinging door such that each thermally sensitive array of thermocouples remain substantially parallel thereto.
21. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 20, comprising two thermally sensitive arrays associated with each swinging door with a corresponding linear array of surveillance spots located on opposite sides of said swinging door.
22. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 15 wherein said door is a revolving door arrangement comprising plural revolving doors, at least one thermally sensitive array is provided for each revolving door, wherein the linear arrangements of the surveillance spots move with the corresponding revolving door such that they remain substantially parallel thereto.
23. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 22, wherein the linear arrangements of surveillance spots are arranged on a side forward in the rotational revolving direction relative to the revolving door.
24. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 22, comprising two thermally sensitive arrays for each revolving door and two corresponding linear array arrangements of surveillance spots are located on opposite sides of the corresponding revolving door.
25. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 15, further comprising at least one supplementary sensor adapted to detect the presence andor motion of an object in at least one supplementary surveillance area, said supplementary sensor being different than said thermocouple.
26. A thermally sensitive array of passive infrared sensors for detecting an object around a moveable door as claimed in claim 25, wherein said supplementary sensor is selected from the group consisting of a microwave radar sensor, a microwave Doppler sensor, an active infrared and a pyro-electric sensor.