1. An initiator comprising:
a housing formed of plastic, the housing defining an aperture that is adapted to receive an energetic material; and
a chip assembly that is adapted to initiate at least one of a combustion event, a deflagration event and a detonation event in the energetic material, the chip assembly including an electrically-actuated chip and a pair of electric leads that are electrically coupled to the electrically-actuated chip, the electric leads extending through the housing and being adapted to couple the electrically-actuated chip to a fireset circuit, the electrically-actuated chip being partially encapsulated in the housing and extending into the aperture in the housing;
wherein the electronically-actuated chip includes an exploding foil initiator.
2. The initiator of claim 1 wherein the housing at least partially defines a barrel of the exploding foil initiator.
3. The initiator of claim 1 wherein at least one of the electric leads includes one or more deflectable arm members that abut an associated terminal on the electrically-actuated chip.
4. The initiator of claim 3 wherein at least a portion of the one or more deflectable arm members are soldered to the associated terminal.
5. The initiator of claim 4 wherein at least a portion of the one or more deflectable arm members are encapsulated in the plastic that forms the housing.
6. The initiator of claim 1, wherein each of the electric leads comprises a plurality of spring arms that are electrically coupled to a corresponding contact on the electrically-actuated chip so that electrical contact between each electric lead and its associated electrical contact is made at a plurality of discrete points.
7. The initiator of claim 1, further comprising a sleeve received into the aperture, the sleeve being adapted to surround and structurally support the energetic material.
8. An initiator comprising:
a housing formed of plastic, the housing defining an aperture that is adapted to receive an energetic material; and
a chip assembly that is adapted to initiate at least one of a combustion event, a deflagration event and a detonation event in the energetic material, the chip assembly including an electrically-actuated chip and a pair of electric leads that are electrically coupled to the electrically-actuated chip, the electric leads extending through the housing and being adapted to couple the electrically-actuated chip to a fireset circuit, the electrically-actuated chip being partially encapsulated in the housing and extending into the aperture in the housing;
wherein each of the electric leads comprises a plurality of spring arms that are electrically coupled to a corresponding contact on the electrically-actuated chip so that electrical contact between each electric lead and its associated electrical contact is made at a plurality of discrete points.
9. An initiator comprising:
a housing formed of plastic, the housing defining an aperture that is adapted to receive an energetic material; and
a chip assembly that is adapted to initiate at least one of a combustion event, a deflagration event and a detonation event in the energetic material, the chip assembly including an electrically-actuated chip and a pair of electric leads that are electrically coupled to the electrically-actuated chip, the electric leads extending through the housing and being adapted to couple the electrically-actuated chip to a fireset circuit, the electrically-actuated chip being partially encapsulated in the housing and extending into the aperture in the housing; and
a sleeve received into the aperture, the sleeve being adapted to surround and structurally support the energetic material.
10. An initiator comprising:
a housing formed of plastic, the housing defining an aperture that is adapted to receive an energetic material; and
an exploding foil initiator having a bridge and a pair of contacts that are adapted to cooperate in transmitting electrical energy across the bridge, a portion of the exploding foil initiator radially outwardly of the bridge being encapsulated in the plastic that forms the housing; and
a plurality of electric leads coupled to the contacts.
11. The initiator of claim 10 wherein the contacts are encapsulated in the plastic that forms the housing.
12. The initiator of claim 11 wherein at least a portion of the electric leads are encapsulated in the plastic that forms the housing.
13. The initiator of claim 12 wherein the plastic that forms the housing also forms a portion of the exploding foil initiator.
14. The initiator of claim 13 wherein the portion of the exploding foil initiator comprises a barrel.
15. The initiator of claim 10, further comprising an initiation charge formed of an explosive material, the initiation charge being received in the aperture and positioned to receive energy released by the exploding foil initiator to initiate a detonation event in the initiation charge.
16. The initiator of claim 15 wherein the explosive material is a secondary explosive.
17. The initiator of claim 15, further comprising a reinforcing ring received in the aperture and disposed between the housing and the initiation charge.
18. The initiator of claim 17 wherein the reinforcing ring is formed of a conductive material and is disposed axially in-line with at least one of the electric leads, at least one of the contacts, or at least one of the electric leads and at least one of the contacts, and wherein the plastic that forms the housing electrically insulates the reinforcing ring from the contacts and the electric leads.
19. An initiator comprising:
a housing formed of plastic, the housing defining an aperture that is adapted to receive an energetic material; and
an exploding foil initiator having a bridge and a pair of contacts that are adapted to cooperate in transmitting electrical energy across the bridge, a portion of the exploding foil initiator radially outwardly of the bridge being encapsulated in the plastic that forms the housing, the contacts are encapsulated in the plastic that forms the housing;
a plurality of electric leads coupled to the contacts, at least a portion of the electric leads are encapsulated in the plastic that forms the housing;
an initiation charge formed of a secondary explosive, the initiation charge being received in the aperture and positioned to receive energy released by the exploding foil initiator to initiate a detonation event in the initiation charge; and
a reinforcing ring received in the aperture and disposed between the housing and the initiation charge, the reinforcing ring being formed of a conductive material and is disposed axially in-line with at least one of the electric leads, at least one of the contacts, or at least one of the electric leads and at least one of the contacts, and wherein the plastic that forms the housing electrically insulates the reinforcing ring from the contacts and the electric leads.
20. The initiator of claim 19 wherein the plastic that forms the housing also forms a barrel of the exploding foil initiator.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for reallocation of overlapping channel usage for a base station (BS) in a wireless network having at least two communities wherein each community is formed from two or more overlapping cells, wherein each community is associated with an operating channel, wherein each cell includes a respective BS and a plurality of consumer premise equipments (\u201cCPEs\u201d) associated with the respective BS, and wherein a cell includes the BS, the method comprising;
monitoring for the cell within a first community an operating channel associated with a neighboring community;
ascertaining a degree of congestion of the operating channel associated with the neighboring community;
comparing the degree of congestion of the operating channel associated with the neighboring community with congestion of an operating channel associated with the first community;
switching for the cell to the operating channel associated with the neighboring community responsive to the degree of congestion of the operating channel associated with neighboring community being less than congestion of the operating channel associated with the first community; and
initiating a back-off procedure including generating a back-off period for the cell within the first community prior to switching to the operating channel associated with the neighboring community, wherein the back-off period is smaller for more congested channels than less congested channels.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising identifying the operating channel associated with the neighboring community as a new working channel for the cell responsive to verifying congestion of the operating channel associated with the neighboring community is less than congestion of the operating channel associated with the first community subsequent to switching to the operating channel associated with the neighboring community.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein switching includes updating, for the cell, the new working channel of the cell to other cells associated with the neighboring community.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein switching includes requesting coexistence neighbor cells of the first community to delete the cell from their coexistence neighbor list.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein switching includes requesting coexistence neighbor cells of the neighboring community to add the cell to their coexistence neighbor list.
6. The method of claims 4 wherein requesting includes using a coexistence protocol message.
7. The method of claims 5 wherein requesting includes using a coexistence protocol message.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein switching includes negotiating, for the cell of the first community, a new frame structure with cells associated with the neighboring community.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein switching for the cell to the operating channel associated with the neighboring community is responsive to the back-off period of the back-off procedure expiring.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein initiating the back-off procedure includes measuring congestion of the operating channel associated with the neighboring community and wherein initiating includes, responsive to identifying another cell switching to the neighboring community prior to the expiration of the back-off period, terminating the back-off procedure.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein switching includes negotiating, for the cell of the first community, a new operating coexistence signal interval with cells associated with the neighboring community.
12. A method to operate an apparatus in a system for fair working channel use in a wireless network, wherein the network includes a plurality of communities and wherein each community includes a community working channel and at least one cell operating on the community working channel, wherein a first community including a first plurality of cells operating on a first working channel, and wherein a second community including a second plurality of cells operating on a second working channel wherein the first plurality of cells is larger than the second plurality of cells; the method comprising:
associating with a switching cell associated with the first community and operating on the first working channel wherein the switching cell determines a first congestion level associated with the first working channel and a second congestion level associated with the second working channel, and responsive to the first congestion level being greater than the second congestion level, the switching cell switches from operating on the first working channel to operating on the second working channel,
wherein the switching cell initiates a back-off procedure, the back-off procedure including generating a back-off period, and wherein the switching cell switches from operating on the first working channel to operating on the second working channel upon expiration of the back-off period, and wherein the back-off period is smaller for more congested channels than less congested channels.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein the switching cell requests to be deleted from the coexistence neighbor list of the first community responsive to switching to operating on the second working channel.
14. The method of claim 11 wherein the switching cell requests to be added to the coexistence neighbor list of the second community responsive to switching to operating on the second working channel.
15. The method of claim 11 wherein the back-off procedure initiated by the switching cell terminates responsive to a new cell operating on the second working channel of the second community.
16. A consumer premise equipment (CPE) associated with a base station (BS) and configured for fair working channel use in a wireless network; the CPE comprising:
a machine for executing instructions embodied as software;
a memory for storing the instructions embodied as software; wherein the software comprises a plurality of software portions,
wherein:
one of said software portions is configured to determine or operate with the BS to determine a degree of congestion of a first working channel on which the base station is operating and congestion of a second working channel on which at least one other base station is operating;
one of said software portions is configured to compare or operate with the BS to compare the degree of congestion of the first working channel to congestion of the second working channel; and
one of said software portions is configured to direct the CPE to switch from operating on the first working channel to operating on the second working channel responsive to congestion of the second working channel being less than the degree of congestion of the first working channel,
wherein one of the software portions is configured to initiate or operate with the BS to initiate a back-off procedure, the back-off procedure including generating a back-off period wherein the software portion configured to direct the CPE to switch is executed upon expiration of the back-off period, and wherein the back-off period is smaller for more congested channels than less congested channels.
17. The CPE of claim 15 wherein the back-off procedure terminates responsive to discovery of new base stations or CPEs operating on the second working channel.
18. The CPE of claim 15 wherein responsive to the CPE operating on the second working channel one of said software portions is configured to request the CPE be deleted from the coexistence neighbor list of other base stations or CPEs operating on the first working channel.
19. The CPE of claim 15 wherein responsive to the CPE operating on the second working channel one of said software portions is configured to request the CPE be added to the coexistence neighbor list of other base stations or CPEs operating on the second working channel.