Author: claimsbot

1. A patterned pressure-sensitive adhesive body obtained by a method for producing a patterned pressure-sensitive adhesive body comprising:
a pattern forming step of cutting a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in a pressure-sensitive adhesive film including a first release film and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer laminated on one surface of the first release film so as to form a first slit in a pattern shape and
an outer frame forming step of cutting the first release film and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer so as to form a second slit in an outer frame shape surrounding the pattern shape, wherein
the second slit has a discontinuous portion in a cutting direction.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

We claim:

1. A method for managing low memory in a first computer device having a processor for executing an operating system and an application, and a memory available to the operating system and application, including steps of:
(a) reserving within a block of memory a first reserve buffer that is unavailable to the application until released; and
(b) releasing the first reserve buffer for use by the application upon determining that memory use by the application has reached a threshold.
2. The method of claim 1 including generating a warning upon determining that the memory use has reached the threshold.
3. The method of claim 1 including generating a warning signal upon determining that the memory use has reached the threshold and sending the warning signal over a network from the first computer device to another computer device.
4. The method of claim 3 including, upon detecting the warning signal, directing at least one further computer device that is connected to a common network as the first computer device to assume at least some of the load previously carried by the first computer device.
5. The method of claim 1 including storing selected information from the block of memory to a persistent storage subsequent to determining that the memory use has reached the threshold.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein a determination is made that memory use has reached the threshold when an out-of-memory exception has been issued by the operating system in respect of the application.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein step (a) further includes reserving within the block of memory a second reserve buffer that is unavailable to the application until released, the method further including:
(c) determining if memory use by the application exceeds another threshold after the first reserve buffer is released and if so releasing the second reserve buffer for use by the application.
8. The method of claim 7 including generating a first warning signal with the release of the first reserve buffer and generating a second warning signal with the release of the second reserve buffer.
9. The method of claim 7 including, upon release of the first reserve buffer directing at least one further computer device that is connected to a common network as the first computer device to assume at least some of the load previously carried by the first computer device, and commencing an automated application shutdown routine with the release of the second reserve buffer.
10. The method of claim 7 wherein in step (b) a determination is made that the memory use has exceeded the threshold when an out-of-memory exception is generated by the operating system in respect of the application, and in (c) a determination is made that the memory use has exceeded the threshold when a second out-of-memory exception is generated by the operating system in respect of the application while the first reserve buffer is released.
11. The method of claim 7 wherein the size of the second reserve buffer is less than that of the first reserve buffer.
12. The method of claim 1, including after step (b), re-reserving within the block of memory the first reserve buffer if the memory use by the application falls below a threshold.
13. A system for managing low memory on a computer device having a processor, a memory, an operating system and an application, comprising a low memory manager for (a) reserving within a block of memory first and second reserve buffers that are unavailable to the application until release by the low memory manager; (b) releasing the first reserve buffer for use by the application upon detecting a first out of memory exception generated by the operating system in respect of the application; and (c) releasing the second reserve buffer for use by the application upon detecting a further out of memory exception generated by the operating system in respect of the application.
14. The system of claim 13 wherein in step (c) the second reserve buffer is released only if the first reserve buffer is still released when the further out of memory exception is generated.
15. The system of claim 13 wherein the low memory manager is configured to generate warning signals upon release of the first reserve buffer and the second reserve buffer.
16. The system of claim 13 including a shutdown manager for storing at least some data from the block of memory to a persistent storage subsequent to the release of the second reserve buffer.
17. A computer readable medium carrying computer readable instructions for managing low memory in a first computer device having a processor for executing an operating system and an application, and a memory available to the operating system and application, the instructions including code means for:
(a) reserving within a block of memory a first reserve buffer that is unavailable to the application until released; and
(b) releasing the first reserve buffer for use by the application upon determining that memory use by the application has reached a threshold.
18. The medium of claim 17 wherein the code means for (a) reserving further includes code means for reserving within the block of memory a second reserve buffer that is unavailable to the application until released, the code means also further including code means for:
(c) determining if memory use by the application exceeds another threshold after the first reserve buffer is released and if so releasing the second reserve buffer for use by the application.
19. The medium of claim 18 including generating a first warning signal with the release of the first reserve buffer and generating a second warning signal with the release of the second reserve buffer.
20. The medium of claim 18 including code means for upon release of the first reserve buffer directing at least one further computer device that is connected to a common network as the first computer device to assume at least some of the load previously carried by the first computer device, and commencing an automated application shutdown routine with the release of the second reserve buffer

1. A process for the preparation of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, comprising:
(i). contacting bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate with hydrogen in a first hydrogenation zone in the presence of a catalyst effective for hydrogenation of an aromatic ring to produce a liquid effluent comprising bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate;
(ii) contacting the effluent from the first hydrogenation zone with hydrogen in the presence of an ester hydrogenation catalyst in a second hydrogenation zone to produce a hydrogenation product comprising 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)bis(methylcyclohexane), and (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol;
(iii). distilling the hydrogenation product from step (ii) to recover a distillate comprising a majority of the (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol in the hydrogenation product and a distillation bottoms comprising a majority of the 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)bis(methylcyclohexane) in the hydrogenation product;
(iv). allowing the distillation bottoms to form a lower layer comprising a majority of the 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in the distillation bottoms and a upper layer comprising a majority of the 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)-bis(methylcyclohexane) in the distillation bottoms; and
(v). separating the upper and lower layers of step (iv) and recovering the 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol from the lower layer by distillation.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate is produced by esterification of terephthalic acid with (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate in step (i) is contacted with hydrogen at a temperature of about 150 to about 350\xb0 C. and a pressure of about 50 to about 400 bars gauge and the catalyst effective for hydrogenation of an aromatic ring comprises palladium, platinum, nickel, ruthenium or combinations thereof deposited on a catalyst support material.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate in step (i) is contacted with hydrogen at a temperature of about 180 to about 250\xb0 C. and a pressure of about 50 to about 170 bars gauge, the catalyst comprises palladium, ruthenium, or combinations thereof, and the catalyst support material comprises alumina, silica-alumina, titania, zirconia, chromium oxides, graphite, silicon carbide, or combinations thereof.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst in step (i) comprises palladium on alumina.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the effluent from the first hydrogenation zone is contacted with hydrogen in step (ii) at a temperature of 180 to about 300\xb0 C. at a pressure of about 40 to about 400 bars gauge and the ester hydrogenation catalyst comprises at least one Group VIII metal, a copper-containing catalyst, or a combination thereof.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the ester hydrogenation catalyst of step (ii) comprises copper chromite, copper oxide, Raney nickel, Raney cobalt, or combinations thereof, and is optionally promoted with zinc, barium, calcium, manganese, magnesium, nickel, ruthenium, lanthanum, titanium, or a combination thereof.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the lower layer comprises at least 50 weight percent of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, based on the total weight of the lower layer.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer comprises at least 70 weight percent of 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)bis(methylcyclohexane) based on the total weight of the upper layer.
10. The process according to claim 1, wherein the (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol recovered in step (iii) is passed to a process for the preparation of bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate by esterification of terephthalic acid.
11. A process for the preparation of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, comprising:
(i). feeding an esterification reaction product, comprising bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate and (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol, with hydrogen to a first hydrogenation zone comprising a fixed bed of a palladium on alumina catalyst at a temperature of about 180\xb0 C. to about 250\xb0 C. and a pressure of about 50 to about 170 bars gauge to produce a liquid effluent comprising bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate;
(ii). feeding the liquid effluent from step (i) with hydrogen to a second hydrogenation zone comprising a fixed bed comprising a copper chromite catalyst at a temperature of about 180 to about 300\xb0 C. and a pressure of about 100 to about 400 bars gauge to produce a hydrogenation product comprising 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 4-methylcyclohexanemethanol, and 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)bis(methylcyclohexane);
(iii). distilling the hydrogenation product from step (ii) to recover a distillate comprising a majority of the (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol in the hydrogenation product and a distillation bottoms comprising a majority of the 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)bis(methylcyclohexane) in the hydrogenation product;
(iv). allowing the distillation bottoms to form a lower layer comprising a majority of the 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in the distillation bottoms and an upper layer comprising a majority of the 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)-bis(methylcyclohexane) in the distillation bottoms;
(v). separating the upper and lower layers of step (iv) and recovering the 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol from the lower layer by distillation; and
(vi). passing the (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol from the distillate in step (iii) to an esterification process to produce bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate.
12. The process according to claim 11, wherein the lower layer comprises at least 50 weight percent of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, based on the total weight of the lower layer.
13. The process according to claim 11, wherein the lower layer comprises 5 weight percent or less of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, based on the total weight of the lower layer.
14. The process according to claim 11, wherein the upper layer comprises at least 70 weight percent of 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)bis(methylcyclohexane) based on the total weight of the upper layer.
15. The process according to claim 11, wherein the upper layer comprises at least 80 weight percent of 4,4\u2032-oxybis(methylene)bis(methylcyclohexane) based on the total weight of the upper layer.
16. The process according to claim 11, wherein the (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol recovered in step (iii) is passed to a process for the preparation of bis(4-methylcyclohexyl)methyl)terephthalate by esterification of terephthalic acid.
17. The process according to claim 16, wherein the amount of (4-methylcyclohexyl-methy)methanol recovered in step (iii) is sufficient to prepare the entire esterification reaction product of step (i).

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. Apparatus for inspecting a substrate, the apparatus comprising:
an X-Y stage that supports a substrate to be inspected and is operable to move a substrate supported thereby in X and Y directions; and
an imaging system including a plurality of beam columns operable to irradiate regions of a substrate supported by the X-Y stage with beams of energy, respectively, discrete from one another,
wherein respective ones of the beam columns are movable relative to others of the electron beam columns.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the beam columns includes a source of electrons, and a deflector operative to deflect a beam of the electrons in a scanning direction
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the imaging system comprises a plurality of supports independently movable relative to each other in at least one of the X and Y directions, and at least one of the beam columns is mounted to each of the supports so as to be movable therewith.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the supports are a plurality of rails, respectively, the rails are supported so as to be movable independently of one another in at least one of the X and Y directions, and a plurality of the beam columns are mounted to each of the rails so as to move therewith.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein each of the beam columns includes a source of electrons, and a deflector operative to deflect a beam of the electrons in a scanning direction parallel to said one of the directions.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the supports include stages each supported so as to be movable independently of one another in the X and Y directions, and at least one of the beam columns is mounted to each of the stages so as to move therewith.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein only one of the beam columns is mounted to each of the stages.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein each of the beam columns includes a source of electrons, and a deflector operative to deflect a beam of the electrons in a scanning direction parallel to one of the X and Y directions.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the imaging system further comprises:
detectors that detect emissions from the regions of a substrate irradiated with the beams and produces from the detected emissions data representative of images of the regions of the substrate; and
a processor operatively connected to each of the detectors so as to receive from the detectors the data representative of images of the regions of the substrate,
wherein the processor has a memory configured to store the data representative of images of (n+1) of the regions of the substrate, wherein n is an integer equal to at least 2, whereby data representative of the captured images of at least three of the regions of the substrate are stored, and
the processor is configured to average (m\u22121) of the captured images to create an average image of all but one of the captured images,
subtract the average image from the said one of the captured images to produce data representative of a difference image, and
analyze pixels of the difference image.
10. A method of inspecting a substrate, the method comprising:
capturing images of (m+1) regions of the substrate, wherein n is an integer equal to at least 2, whereby the images of at least three of the regions of the substrate are captured;
averaging (m\u22121) of the captured images to create an average image of all but one of the captured images;
subtracting the average image from said one image to produce a difference image; and
analyzing pixels of the difference image.