Author: claimsbot

1. A display apparatus comprising:
a display device having a planar display screen; and
a support stand to support the display device, the support stand including:
a base portion configured to rest on a surface; and
at least one post that projects from said base portion, said at least one post having at least two mounting arrangements, each mounting arrangement being configured to allow said display device to be mounted thereto in a fixed position, wherein:

the mounting arrangements are configured such that an angle between normal to the display screen and normal to the surface is different when the display device is mounted to the respective mounting arrangements; and
the mounting arrangements are provided at different orientations around each said post.
2. A display apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein each said post is attachable to the base portion at different orientations relative to the base portion.
3. A display apparatus according to claim 2,
wherein at each orientation at which each said post is attachable to the base portion, each said post has a corresponding mounting arrangement to mount the display device such that the display screen always faces in a same predetermined direction relative to the base portion.
4. A display apparatus according to claim 3,
wherein the base portion extends further in the same predetermined direction than in an opposite direction to the same predetermined direction.
5. A display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the base portion comprises at least one hole, a number of holes in the base portion being equal to a number of posts projecting therefrom; and
each said post is configured to be attachable to the base portion at more than one orientation relative to the base portion by insertion through one of said holes at more than one orientation.
6. A display apparatus according to claim 5, wherein:
each said post has a portion that is configured to cooperate with its corresponding hole when the post is inserted into the hole; and
a shape of each said hole corresponds to a shape of the portion of its corresponding post that is configured to cooperate with it.
7. A display apparatus according to claim 5,
wherein each said post and corresponding hole have a fixing that allows each said post to be fixed into position in the corresponding hole at each orientation.
8. A display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the base portion comprises at least one post platform, a number of post platforms on the base portion being equal to a number of posts projecting therefrom; and
each said post is configured to be attachable to the base portion at more than one orientation relative to the base portion by attachment to one of said post platforms at more than one orientation.
9. A display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
each mounting arrangement includes a flat surface, the respective flat surfaces of said at least two mounting arrangements on each said post being tilted at different angles relative to the surface on which the base portion is configured to rest; and
the display device includes at least one flat surface, each of which is arranged to abut a corresponding flat surface of a mounting arrangement of a corresponding post.
10. A display apparatus according to claim 9,
wherein each mounting arrangement includes a holding mechanism to hold corresponding flat surfaces of the display device and the mounting arrangement together.
11. A display apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein each said post includes two mounting arrangements.
12. A display device according to claim 11,
wherein the mounting arrangements on each said post are on opposite sides of each said post.
13. A display device according to claim 11,
wherein each said post has at least one hole formed therethrough, each said hole having openings on opposing sides of its respective post, the openings forming part of the mounting arrangements.
14. A display device according to claim 12,
wherein each said post has at least one hole formed therethrough, each said hole having openings on opposing sides of its respective post, the openings forming part of the mounting arrangements.
15. A display device according to claim 1, configured such that the display device is removably mounted to the mounting arrangements.
16. A support stand to support a display device having a planar display screen, the support stand comprising:
a base portion configured to rest on a surface; and
at least one post that projects from said base portion, said at least one post having at least two mounting arrangements, each mounting arrangement being configured to allow said display device to be mounted thereto in a fixed position, wherein:
the mounting arrangements are configured such that an angle between normal to the display screen and normal to the surface is different when the display device is mounted to the respective mounting arrangements; and
the mounting arrangements are provided at different orientations around each said post.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of fabricating a wafer level integration module according to a construction whereby semiconductor functional device fabrication is carried out only after interconnect structures are processed on a bare wafer, the fabrication and processing including forming the interconnect structures in a first side of the wafer; depositing a first insulation layer on the first side of the wafer; depositing a first conductive layer on the insulation layer, the first conductive layer filling the interconnect structures so as to contact the first insulation layer on the walls of the interconnect structures, the first conductive layer in the interconnect structures forming interconnection contacts on the first side of the wafer and interconnection vias in the wafer; exposing the first conductive layer including the interconnection contacts on the first side of the wafer; fabricating a semiconductor functional device on the first side of the wafer, the semiconductor functional device interconnected with the interconnection contacts during the fabricating the semiconductor functional device; exposing from the second side of the wafer, portions of the first conductive layer associated with the interconnection vias, the method comprising:
selectively removing a portion of the first conductive layer to form interconnection via redistribution connection structures; and
filling the interconnection via redistribution connection structure with a low resistivity material to form low resistivity redistribution interconnect with the semiconductor functional device through the first conductive layer.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the selectively removing the portion of the first conductive layer includes removing the first conductive layer up to the interconnection contacts such that the forming the interconnection via redistribution connection structures includes forming interconnection via voids; and
the filling the interconnection via voids with a low resistivity material to form low resistivity interconnects with the semiconductor functional device.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the conductive layer is a high temperature conductive film.
4. The method of any one of the preceding claims wherein the exposing the first conductive layer, including the high temperature conductive film includes exposing by chemical mechanical polishing.
5. The method of any one of the preceding claims wherein the exposing the first conductive layer, including the high temperature conductive film includes exposing by back grinding.
6. The method of any one of the preceding claims further comprising covering the first side of the wafer with a protection substrate so as to protect the semiconductor functional device.
7. The method of any one of the preceding claims further comprising depositing a second insulation layer on the second side of the wafer; patterning the second insulation layer and exposing the low resistivity redistribution interconnect; depositing a second conductive layer on the patterned second insulation layer for providing contact between the low resistivity redistribution interconnects and an external device.
8. The method of any one of the preceding claims wherein the fabricating the semiconductor functional devices comprises depositing additional layers for forming a new functional device.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the additional layers form a plurality of the new functional devices.
10. The method of claim 8 or 9 wherein the additional layers are formed in a stack formation.
11. The method of any one of the preceding claims wherein the interconnect via structures, the semiconductor functional device, the first conductive layer filling the interconnect structures, interconnection contacts and interconnection vias are formed as one of a plurality of dies formed on the wafer.
12. The method of claim 11 further comprising separating the plurality of dies along separation zones.
13. The method of claims 8 to 11 wherein the functional device includes a transistor.
14. The method of claims 9 to 12 wherein the plurality of semiconductor functional devices include transistors.
15. The method of any one of the preceding claims further comprising testing the semiconductor functional device after fabrication.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein testing the semiconductor functional device comprises forming test pads on the first side of the wafer.
17. The method of claims 15 and 16 further comprising removing the test pads after testing and before fabrication of a subsequent semiconductor functional device.
18. The method of any one of the preceding claims further comprising depositing a third insulation layer to the first conductive layer when the first conductive layer is applied to the interconnect structures in a manner so as to partially fill the interconnect structures to control a resistance of the resulting interconnection vias to planarize and protect the first conductive layer on the first side of the wafer.

1. A mechanical scanning feed, comprising:
a waveguide including a movable wall assembly, the movable wall assembly having at least one guide slot;
an end wall located on the moveable wall assembly and positioned proximate to the guide slot; and,
a drive assembly manipulating the position of the movable wall assembly along the waveguide in a direction parallel to the propagation path of the energy,
wherein the motion by the drive assembly changes an elevation angle of a portion of the energy propagating exiting through the guide slot.
2. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 1, wherein said end wall is positioned one-quarter of a wavelength from the guide slot.
3. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 1, further comprising a rotary joint adjacent to a delivery point to the waveguide of the propagating energy allowing for azimuth rotation of the waveguide.
4. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 3, further comprising at least one choke joint located adjacent to the rotary joint to prevent leakage of the energy propagating.
5. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 1, further comprising at least one end wall choke joint positioned proximate to the end wall to prevent energy from passing the end wall.
6. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 1, wherein the guide slot is oriented perpendicular to the movement of the movable wall assembly.
7. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 1, wherein the drive assembly comprises a plurality of motors.
8. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 7, further comprising at least two movable wall portion choke joints placed to prevent leakage of the propagating energy.
9. The mechanical scanning feed, of claim 1, wherein the moveable wall assembly comprises a single moveable wall portion.
10. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 9, wherein the single moveable wall portion comprises a plurality of guide slots, each having a width dimension and a length dimension.
11. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 10, wherein each of the plurality of guide slots has the same length dimension and the same width dimension.
12. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 10, wherein each of the plurality of guide slots has a different width dimension.
13. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 1, wherein said movable wall assembly comprises:
a first moveable wall portion having a single guide slot having a width dimension; and
a second moveable wall portion proximate to the first moveable wall portion, having a plurality of guide slots,
wherein each guide slot in the second moveable wall portion has a width that is less than the width of the guide slot in the first moveable wall portion, and
wherein the second movable wall portion and the first movable wall portion move independently to align at least one of the plurality of guide slots of the second moveable wall portion with the guide slot of the first moveable wall portion to vary a beam shape of the exiting propagating energy.
14. The mechanical scanning feed of claim 13, wherein each of the plurality of guide slots in the second moveable wall portion has a different width dimension.
15. An antenna system, comprising:
a lens;
a radio frequency source; and
a feed assembly, comprising:
a waveguide including a movable wall assembly, the movable wall assembly having a guide slot;
an end wall located on the moveable wall assembly and positioned proximate to the guide slot; and,
a drive mechanism manipulating the position of the movable wall assembly along the waveguide parallel to the propagation path of the energy,
wherein the motion by the drive mechanism changes an elevation angle of a portion of the energy propagating in the waveguide exiting through the guide slot.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the lens is spherical.
17. The system of claim 16, wherein the waveguide is curved and the curvature of the waveguide substantially approximates the curvature of the spherical lens.
18. The system of claim 15, further comprising a rotary joint adjacent to a delivery point of the waveguide of the propagating energy.
19. The system of claim 15, wherein the moveable wall assembly comprises a moveable wall portion.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein the moveable wall assembly comprises a plurality of guide slots, each having a width dimension and a length dimension.
21. The system of claim 20, wherein each of the plurality of guide slots has the same length dimension and the same width dimensions.
22. The system of claim 20, wherein each of the plurality of guide slots has a different width dimension.
23. The system of claim 15, wherein said movable wall assembly comprises:
a first moveable wall portion having a single guide slot having a width dimension; and
a second moveable wall portion proximate to the first moveable wall portion, having a plurality of guide slots,
wherein each guide slot in the second moveable wall portion has a width that is less than the width of the guide slot in the first moveable wall portion, and
wherein the second movable wall portion and the first movable wall portion move independently to align at least one of the plurality of guide slots of the second moveable wall portion with the guide slot of the first moveable wall portion to vary a beam shape of the exiting energy.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein each of the plurality of guide slots in the second moveable wall portion has a different width dimension.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An ECG electrode structure for measuring a difference in potential, the structure comprising
a first measurement electrode arranged to be in contact with an area of the skin on a user’s body such that, when in use, the electrode is electrically insulated from water, and
a second measurement electrode, which, when in use, is arranged to be in contact only with the water, the second measurement electrode thus being in contact through the water to some other area of the person’s body than the area under the first measurement electrode.
2. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the first measurement electrode and the second measurement electrode on the cover encapsulating the electrode structure are arranged on cover surface sides facing away from each other.
3. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 1, comprising an ECG detection block inside the cover encapsulating the ECG electrode structure for producing heart rate information on the basis of ECG signal measurements carried out by the measurement electrodes.
4. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 1, comprising a transmitter inside the cover encapsulating the ECG electrode structure.
5. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 4, wherein the transmitter is arranged to use telemetry to transmit heart rate information to a separate heart rate receiver for display andor storage andor further analysis.
6. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 1, comprising a display for displaying heart rate information.
7. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 6, wherein the display is a LED display comprising at least one LED.
8. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 7, wherein the display comprises LEDs of different colours.
9. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 1, comprising a third measurement electrode which, when in use, is arranged to be placed in contact with an area of the skin on the user’s body.
10. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 9 comprising means for measuring both a first impedance between the second measurement electrode and the first measurement electrode and a second impedance between the third measurement electrode and the first measurement electrode.
11. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 10 comprising means for concluding, on the basis of the measured first and second impedances, whether the ECG electrode structure is in the water or in the air, and for selecting the second measurement electrode for measurement in the water and the third measurement electrode for measurement in the air, in addition to the first measurement electrode.
12. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 9 comprising means for measuring a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, for concluding, on the basis of the measurement, whether the ECG electrode structure is in the water or in the air, and for selecting the second measurement electrode for measurement in the water and the third measurement electrode for measurement in the air, in addition to the first measurement electrode.
13. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the measurement electrode is made of conductive plastic.
14. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the measurement electrodes are integrated to form a part of the cover encapsulating the ECG electrode structure.
15. An ECG electrode structure according to claim 10, wherein the cover is made by injection moulding.
16. A method for measuring an ECG signal from a person who is in water, the method comprising
measuring a difference in potential between a second measurement electrode and a first measurement electrode placed in contact with an area of the skin on the person’s body such that, when in use, it is electrically insulated from the water,
wherein the second measurement electrode is arranged to be in contact only with the water, the second measurement electrode thus being in contact through the water to some other area of the person’s body than the area under the first measurement electrode.
17. A method according to claim 16, wherein a third measurement electrode is used, the electrode being arranged in contact with an area of the skin on the person’s body.
18. A method according to claim 17, wherein both a first impedance between the second measurement electrode and the first measurement electrode is measured and a second impedance between the third measurement electrode and the first measurement electrode is measured.
19. A method according to claim 18, the method comprising concluding, on the basis of the measured first and second impedances, whether the ECG electrode structure is in the water or in the air, and selecting the second measurement electrode for measurement in the water and the third measurement electrode for measurement in the air, in addition to the first measurement electrode.
20. A method according to claim 14, the method comprising measuring a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode and concluding, on the basis of the measurement, whether the ECG electrode structure is in the water or in the air, and selecting the second measurement electrode for measurement in the water and the third measurement electrode for measurement in the air, in addition to the first measurement electrode.
21. A method according to claim 14, the method comprising producing heart rate information on the basis of ECG signal measurements carried out by the measurement electrodes.
22. A method according to claim 14, the method comprising using telemetry to transmit heart rate information to a separate heart rate receiver for display andor storage andor further analysis.
23. A method according to claim 14, wherein a display connected to the ECG electrode structure is used for displaying heart rate information.
24. A method according to claim 23, wherein the display is a LED display comprising at least one LED.
25. A method according to claim 24, wherein the display comprises LEDs of different colours.