Author: claimsbot

1. A stent comprising:
a stent member comprising a first stent member end, a second stent member end, a first fluid port, a second fluid port, and a first lumen, the first fluid port being located at or near the first stent member end, the second fluid port being located at or near the second stent member end, the first lumen extending between and being in internal fluid communication with the first fluid port and the second fluid port, the stent member configured to extend within a body lumen between a first body portion and a second body portion of a subject;
an elongate injection member comprising a first injection member end portion and a second injection member end portion, the first injection member end portion being connected to the stent member, and the second injection member end portion comprising an injection port, an injection lumen extending within the elongate injection member for delivering a substance out of a third fluid port into at least a part of at least one of the body lumen, the first body portion, or second body portion.
2. The stent of claim 1, wherein the injection lumen extends within the stent member, and the stent member comprises the third fluid port.
3. The stent of claim 2, wherein the third fluid port is positioned at about \u2153 of the total length of the stent member from the first stent member end.
4. The stent of claim 1, wherein the injection member is removably connected to the stent member.
5. The stent of claim 1, wherein the second injection member end portion has a length sufficient to extend from the subject’s urinary bladder to a location outside of the subject.
6. The stent of claim 1, wherein the second injection member end portion is connected to a substance reservoir.
7. The stent of claim 1, wherein the first lumen is dimensioned to allow a guidewire to extend therethrough.
8. The stent of claim 1, wherein the substance includes a solution operative to show injury or integrity of the part of the body portion.
9. The stent of claim 1, wherein the substance includes a contrast agent.
10. A stent comprising:
a first elongate member configured to extend within a body lumen of a subject; and
a second elongate member having (i) a first end portion connected to the first elongate member and (ii) a second end portion;
wherein an injection lumen extends within the second elongate member for injecting a substance into at least a part of the body lumen.
11. The stent of claim 10, further comprising at least one outflow port through the first end portion of the second elongate member for injecting the substance into the part of the body lumen.
12. The stent of claim 10, wherein the first elongate member defines a first lumen and a second lumen, the second lumen being separated from the first lumen within the elongate member such that fluid is not permitted to flow solely within the first elongate member between the first lumen in the second lumen, the first end portion of the injection lumen being in fluid communication with the second lumen.
13. The stent of claim 12, further comprising an outflow port extending through a side wall of the first elongate member to inject the substance into the part of the body portion through the second lumen.
14. The stent of claim 10, wherein the second elongate member has a length such that the second end portion of the second elongate member is accessible from outside of the subject while the first end portion is positioned within the subject’s urinary bladder.
15. The stent of claim 10, further comprising a separate injection tube configured to extend through a body wall of the subject to connect to the second end portion of the second elongate member.
16. The stent of claim 10, wherein the first elongate member includes a first end portion configured to be retained at a kidney of the subject and a second end portion configured to be retained in the subject’s urinary bladder while the first elongate member extends through the subject’s ureter.
17. The stent of claim 16, further configured such that the first end portion of the second elongate member and the first elongate member diverge in the bladder.
18. The stent of claim 16, further configured such that the first end portion of the second elongate member and the first elongate member diverge in a renal pelvis of the subject.
19. A method of assessing a condition of a body lumen of a subject, the method comprising:
providing a stent comprising a first lumen, a second lumen, a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port, the first lumen extending between the first port the second port, the second lumen extending between the second port in the third port, the third port being positioned between the first port and the second port;
positioning the stent at least partially within the subject such that the first lumen extends through the body lumen, the first port is positioned in a first body cavity, the second port is positioned in a second body cavity, the third port is positioned in the body lumen, and the fourth port is positioned outside of the first body cavity, the second body cavity, and the lumen;
connecting a reservoir containing a contrast agent to the fourth port;
injecting the contrast agent into the body lumen through fourth port, the second lumen, and the third port; and
obtaining images of the body lumen.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein positioning the stent comprises positioning the fourth port outside of the subject.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A picture display device comprising a cathode ray tube (2) provided with indexing elements (12, 14) for detecting an electron beam of the cathode ray tube (2) that impinges on said elements (12, 14), and a level shifter (30) for transmitting at least one signal, based on the detection at the indexing elements (12, 14), from a high-voltage system (20) of the cathode ray tube (2) to a low voltage-system of an electron beam control means 50;
characterized in that the level shifter (30) comprises an input stage (32a, 32b) which is arranged to decrease an input impedance (Z; Z12) of the level shifter (30).
2. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input stage (32a, 32b) comprises a current mirror (32).
3. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input stage (32a, 32b) comprises an inverting current to voltage converter (32).
4. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input stage (32a, 32b) comprises at least two cascaded operational amplifiers (326, 328) and a feedback connection connecting (FBI2) an output O2 of the last operational amplifier (328) of the cascaded operational amplifiers (326, 328) to an input of the first operational amplifier (326) of the cascaded operational amplifiers (326, 328), said feedback connection (FB12) including a resistor R12.
5. The picture display device as claimed in claim 4, wherein one of the at least two operational amplifiers (326, 328) is arranged as an inverting current to voltage converter (32).
6. The picture display device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the level shifter circuit (30) comprises at least one optical signal path (38) for transmitting said at least one signal and for providing galvanic separation between the high-voltage system (20) and a low voltage-system (22).
7. The picture display device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the optical path (38) comprises a light-emitting diode (346) for sending said at least one signal from the high-voltage system (20) and a photo-diode (362) for receiving said at least one signal at the low-voltage system (22).
8. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the indexing elements (12, 14), comprising a first indexing element (12) and a second indexing (14) element, are arranged adjacent to each other and are arranged to generate a first indexing signal on an output conductor (16) and a second indexing signal on an output conductor (18), respectively.
9. The picture display device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a subtraction means (342) for subtracting the second indexing signal from the first indexing signal and for generating a differential signal (343), indicating the difference between the first indexing signal and the second indexing signal.
10. The picture display device as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the differential signal is transmitted from the high-voltage system (20) to the low voltage system (22) via an optical path (38).
11. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1; characterized in that the high voltage system (20) comprises the indexing elements (12, 14) and a high voltage side (HV) of the level shifter (30),
the indexing elements (12, 14) are connected via output conductors (16, 18) to the input stage (32a, 32b) of the level shifter (30),
low voltage system (22) comprises a low voltage side (LV) of the level shifter (30) and the electron beam control means (50),
an output (369) of the level shifter (30) is connected to the electron beam control means (50) for controlling the position of the electron beam that impinges on the indexing elements (12, 14).

1. A method of determining tissue type comprising the steps of:
acquiring a value of an electrical parameter between a first electrode electrically coupled with tissue and a second electrode; and
identifying a tissue type from a plurality of tissue types based on at least said acquired value of said electrical parameter.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said electrical parameter comprises at least one component of a complex impedance between said first and second electrodes.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said acquiring step comprises acquiring a value for each of a plurality of electrical parameters between said first and second electrodes, and said identifying step comprises identifying said tissue type based on said acquired values of said plurality of electrical parameters.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising defining the plurality of tissue types to include regular, lesioned, scar, and fat.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said second electrode is a dispersiveindifferent reference electrode, and said acquired value of said electrical parameter reflects properties of tissue proximate said first electrode.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said first and second electrodes are each electrodes electrically coupled with the tissue, and said acquired value of said electrical parameter reflects properties of tissue between said first and second electrodes.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said first and second electrodes are mounted on a catheter, and said acquired value of said electrical parameter reflects properties of tissue between said first and second electrodes
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of acquiring a value of an electrical parameter between a third electrode electrically coupled with tissue and one of said first electrode, said second electrode, and a fourth electrode, and wherein said identifying step comprises identifying at least one tissue type based on said values of said electrical parameters between first and second electrodes, and said third and said one of said first, second and fourth electrodes.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said steps of acquiring said values of said electrical parameters between said first and second electrodes, and said third and said one of said first, second and fourth electrodes are performed substantially simultaneously.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said identifying step comprises comparing said value to at least one predetermined threshold value of said electrical parameter corresponding to one of said plurality of tissue types.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said identifying step comprises looking up said value in a look-up table.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said identifying step comprises determining a change in the value of said electrical parameter over a predetermined period of time.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of generating a tissue morphology map based on said identified tissue type.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the tissue is epicardial tissue of a heart.
15. A system for determining tissue type, comprising
an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to:
acquire a value of an electrical parameter between a first electrode electrically coupled with tissue and a second electrode; and
identify a tissue type from a plurality of tissue types based on at least said acquired value of said electrical parameter.
16. The system of claim 15 wherein said electrical parameter comprises at least one component of a complex impedance between said first and second electrodes.
17. The system of claim 15 wherein said ECU is configured to acquire a value for each of a plurality of electrical parameters between said first and second electrodes, and to identify said tissue type based on said acquired values of said plurality of electrical parameters.
18. The system of claim 15 wherein said ECU is configured to:
acquire a value of an electrical parameter between a third electrode electrically coupled with tissue and one of said first electrode, said second electrode, and a fourth electrode; and
identify at least one tissue type based on said values of said electrical parameters between said first and second electrodes, and said third and said one of said first, second and fourth electrodes.
19. The system of claim 18 wherein said ECU is configured to acquire said values of said electrical parameters between said first and second electrodes and said third and said one of said first, second, and fourth electrodes substantially simultaneously.
20. The system of claim 15 wherein said ECU is further configured to generate a tissue morphology map based on said identified tissue type.
21. A method of presenting information representative of determined tissue type comprising the steps of:
acquiring a value of an electrical parameter between a first electrode electrically coupled with tissue and a second electrode;
identifying a tissue type from a plurality of tissue types based on at least said acquired value of said electrical parameter;
determining a location in the tissue corresponding to said acquired value based on a position of said first electrode;
generating a marker representative of the identified tissue type; and
superimposing said marker onto a portion of an image or model of the tissue corresponding to said location.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A hydraulic assembly for a hydraulic disc brake system, comprising:
(a) a housing defining a cylinder,
(b) a piston received in and moveable within the cylinder,
(c) a first lever operatively associated with one of the piston or the cylinder,
(d) a second lever operatively associated with the other of the piston or the cylinder,
(e) a cable having first and second ends, wherein the first end engages the piston or the cylinder and the second end engages the second lever,
wherein moving the first lever pushes one of the piston or the cylinder in a first direction, and wherein moving the second lever pulls the other of the cylinder or the piston in a second direction.
2. The hydraulic assembly of claim 1, wherein the piston has a non-actuated position and a fully actuated position, and the piston is biased towards the non-actuated position, and wherein the cylinder has a non-actuated position and a fully actuated position, and the cylinder is biased towards the non-actuated position.
3. The hydraulic assembly of claim 1, wherein moving the first lever pulls the cable, thereby moving the piston with respect to the cylinder or moving the cylinder with respect to the piston.
4. The hydraulic assembly of claim 1 wherein the piston defines an opening extending axially therethrough, and wherein the cable extends through the opening.
5. The hydraulic assembly of claim 4, wherein the first end of the cable extends outside of the piston and is secured by a connector.
6. The hydraulic assembly of claim 1, wherein moving the second lever pulls the cylinder or the piston, thereby moving the cylinder with respect to the piston or the piston with respect to the cylinder, respectively.
7. The hydraulic assembly of claim 1 further comprising a volume of hydraulic fluid contained in the cylinder, wherein moving either the first or the second lever displaces a volume of hydraulic fluid from the housing.
8. The hydraulic assembly of claim 5 wherein the connector comprises a first piece that clamps the cable to a second piece.
9. A hydraulic assembly for a hydraulic disc brake system, comprising:
(a) a base plate that includes at least one track,
(b) a housing defining a cylinder, wherein the housing is slidingly seated on the track,
(c) a piston received in and moveable within the cylinder,
(d) a cable having first and second ends, wherein the first end engages the piston and the second end is adapted to engage a lever, such that when the lever is pivoted the piston moves within the cylinder, and
(e) a bracket connected to the base plate, wherein the bracket is configured to attach the base plate to a handlebar.
10. A hydraulic assembly for a hydraulic disc brake system, comprising:
(a) a base plate that includes at least one track and at least one upwardly extending side plate that comprises an opening for receiving a cable,
(b) a housing defining a cylinder, wherein the housing is slidingly seated on the track,
(c) a piston received in and moveable within the cylinder, and
(d) a bracket connected to the base plate, wherein the bracket is configured to attach the base plate to a handlebar.
11. A hydraulic assembly for a hydraulic disc brake system, comprising:
(a) a base plate that includes at least one track and a lever attachment bracket that connects the base plate to a first lever, wherein the first lever moves in a plane generally parallel to the base plat,
(b) a housing defining a cylinder, wherein the housing is slidingly seated on the track,
(c) a piston received in and moveable within the cylinder,
(d) a cable having first and second ends, wherein the first end engages the piston and the second end is adapted to engage a second lever, such that when the second lever is pivoted the piston moves within the cylinder, and
(e) a bracket connected to the base plate, wherein the bracket is configured to attach the base plate to a handlebar.
12. The hydraulic assembly of claim 9 wherein the housing is slideable on the base plate in a direction substantially parallel to an axis of the cylinder.
13. The hydraulic assembly of claim 9 wherein at least a portion of the piston extends outside of the housing.