Author: claimsbot

1. A catalyst containing an active phase comprising at least one metal of group VIIIB selected from cobalt, nickel, ruthenium and iron deposited on an oxides support comprising alumina, silica, phosphorus and at least one simple spinel MAl2O4 or mixed spinel MxM\u2032(1-x)Al2O4 which is or is not partial, wherein M and M\u2032 are separate metals selected from the group formed by magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), caesium (Cs), sodium (Na), potassium (K), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) and in which x is between 0 and 1, the values 0 and 1 being themselves excluded.
2. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein said support is a phosphorus-containing silica-alumina or a phosphorus-containing silica-containing alumina in which spinel is included.
3. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the silica content of said support is between 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight with respect to the total weight of the support.
4. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the phosphorus content of said support is between 0.1% by weight and 10% by weight of said element with respect to the weight of the support.
5. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the spinel content is between 3 and 50% by weight with respect to the weight of the support.
6. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the content of metal M or M\u2032 is between 1 and 20% by weight with respect to the weight of the support.
7. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein M is cobalt or nickel in the case of a simple spinel and M is cobalt and M\u2032 is magnesium or zinc in the case of a mixed spinel.
8. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the metal of group VIIIB is cobalt.
9. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the content of metal of group VIIIB is between 0.5 and 60% by weight with respect to the weight of the catalyst.
10. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the alumina from which the support is prepared has a specific surface area of between 50 m2g and 500 m2g, a pore volume measured by mercury porosimetry of between 0.4 mlg and 1.2 mlg and a monomodal pore distribution.
11. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the support further comprises a simple oxide selected from titanium oxide, ceria and zirconia, alone or as a mixture.
12. A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst further comprises at least one dopant selected from a noble metal of groups VIIB or VIIIB, an alkali metal element or an alkaline-earth element or an element of group IIIA.
13. A process for the preparation of a catalyst according to claim 1 comprising the following steps:
a) an oxides support comprising alumina and silica is provided,
b) said oxides support comprising alumina and silica is impregnated with an aqueous or organic solution of a phosphorus precursor, followed by drying and calcination so as to obtain a support comprising alumina, silica and phosphorus,
c) the support comprising alumina, silica and phosphorus is impregnated with an aqueous or organic solution comprising at least one salt of metal M or M\u2032 selected from the group formed by magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), zinc (Zn), lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), caesium (Cs), sodium (Na), potassium (K), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) followed by drying and calcination at a temperature of between 700 and 1200\xb0 C. so as to obtain a simple spinel MAl2O4 or a mixed spinel MxM\u2032(1-x)Al2O4 which is or is not partial, in which M and M\u2032 are separate metals and x is between 0 and 1, the values 0 and 1 being themselves excluded, and
d) the oxides support comprising alumina, silica, spinel and phosphorus is impregnated with an aqueous or organic solution comprising at least one salt of metal from group VIIIB selected from cobalt, nickel, ruthenium and iron, followed by drying and calcination at a temperature of between 320\xb0 C. and 460\xb0 C. so as to obtain said catalyst.
14. A Fischer-Tropsch process for the synthesis of hydrocarbons comprising bringing a catalyst according to claim 1 into contact with a charge comprising synthesis gas under a total pressure of between 0.1 and 15 MPa at a temperature of between 150 and 350\xb0 C. at an hourly space velocity of between 100 and 20000 volumes of synthesis gas per volume of catalyst and per hour with an H2CO molar ratio in the synthesis gas of between 0.5 and 4.
15. A Fischer-Tropsch process according to claim 14 which is used in a reactor of slurry bubble column type.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An optical system, comprising:
a) at least two optical elements, at least one of which being a movable optical element,
b) a computer for calculating a target position for the at least one movable optical element such that, in the target position, the total perturbation of the at least two optical elements which is made up of polarization-dependent perturbations and polarization-independent perturbations of the at least two optical elements, is minimized;
c) an actuator for moving the at least one movable optical element to the target position calculated by the computer.
2. The optical system of claim 1, comprising a sensor for determining for at least one of the at least two optical elements a polarization-dependent perturbation and for determining for at least one of the at least two optical elements a polarization-independent perturbation.
3. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the polarization-dependent perturbation includes stress birefringence.
4. The optical system of claim 2, wherein at least one of the at least two optical elements consists of a crystalline material, and wherein a determination of a polarization-dependent perturbation of the at least one of the at least two optical elements comprises a determination of the position of at least one crystal axis.
5. The optical system of claim 1, in which the at least one movable optical element is configured to be rotated about its axis of symmetry.
6. The optical system of claim 1, in which the at least one movable optical element is configured to be linearly displaced.
7. The optical system of claim 1, in which the at least one movable optical element is configured to be displaced transversely to an optical axis of the optical system.
8. The optical system of claim 1, in which the at least one movable optical element is configured to be tilted relative to an optical axis of the optical system.
9. A photolithographic exposure apparatus comprising the optical system of claim 1.
10. A photolithographic exposure apparatus, comprising at least two optical elements being in a relative position such that the total perturbation of the at least two optical elements which is made up of polarization-dependent perturbations and polarization-independent perturbations is minimized.

1. A display packaging system, comprising:
a front panel having an interior surface;
a rear panel having an interior surface; and
a blister cavity comprising a product holding chamber configured to receive at least one product and a sealing flange extending outwardly from the product holding chamber that has a series of apertures;
wherein the sealing flange is sandwiched between the interior surface of the front panel and the interior surface of the rear panel and respective portions of the interior surface of the front panel and the interior surface of the rear panel are adhered only to each other which respective portions includes portions of the interior surface of the front panel and portions of the interior surface of the rear panel that are disposed on opposite sides of the series of apertures of the sealing flange.
2. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein the sealing flange extends around the entire periphery of the product holding chamber.
3. The display packaging system as recited in claim 2, wherein only portions of the sealing flange on opposite sides of the product holding chamber have the series of apertures.
4. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein the series of apertures comprises elongated slots formed in the sealing flange.
5. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein the series of apertures comprises round perforations formed in the sealing flange.
6. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein the interior surface of the front panel and the interior surface of the rear panel are provided with a heat activated adhesive.
7. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein the blister cavity comprises a thermoformed plastic material.
8. The display packaging system as recited in claim 7, wherein the plastic material is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polyethalene terephthalate (PET); polyethylene teraphihalate glycol (PETG); polylactic acid (PLA); polypropylene (PP); and oriented polystyrene (OPS).
9. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein the front panel and the rear panel are constructed from a paperboard material.
10. The display packaging system as recited in claim 9, wherein the paperboard material is selected from the group consisting of SBS; SBSrecycled paper blends; kraft back board; news back board; box board; container board; micro fluted corrugated; and e-flute corrugated.
11. A method for constructing a display packaging system, comprising:
placing a first panel having an interior surface having an heat activated adhesive within a sealing apparatus;
placing a sealing flange of a blister cavity which extends outwardly from a product holding chamber configured to receive at least one product upon the interior surface of the first panel, the sealing flange having a series of apertures;
placing an interior surface of a second panel having a heat activated adhesive upon the sealing flange of the blister cavity and upon portions of the interior surface of the first panel uncovered by the sealing flange of the blister cavity; and
using the sealing apparatus to cause respective portions of the interior surface of the first panel and the interior surface of the second panel to be adhered only to each other which respective portions includes portions of the interior surface of the first panel and portions of the interior surface of the second panel that are disposed on opposite sides of the series of apertures of the sealing flange.
12. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein using the sealing apparatus comprises causing heat and pressure provided by the sealing apparatus to be focused and located only in alignment with and within the apertures of the sealing flange of the blister cavity and in selected areas outside of an outer perimeter defined by the sealing flange.
13. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the sealing flange extends around the entire periphery of the product holding chamber of the blister cavity.
14. The method as recited in claim 13, wherein only portions of the sealing flange on opposite sides of the product holding chamber have the series of apertures.
15. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the series of apertures comprises elongated slots formed in the scaling flange.
16. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the series of apertures comprises round perforations formed in the sealing flange.
17. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the blister cavity comprises a thermoformed plastic material.
18. The method as recited in claim 17, wherein the plastic material is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polyethalene terephthalate (PET); polyethylene teraphthalate glycol (PETG); polylactic acid (PLA); polypropylene (PP); and oriented polystyrene (OPS).
19. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the front panel and the rear panel are constructed from a paperboard material.
20. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein the paperboard material is selected from the group consisting of SBS; SBSrecycled paper blends; kraft back board; news back board; box board; container board; microfluted corrugated; and e-flute corrugated.
21. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the first panel and the second panel comprise a single, folded panel.
22. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein the front panel and the rear panel comprise a single, folded panel.
23. The display packaging system as recited in claim 1, wherein at least one of the front panel and the rear panel comprise a window sized and shaped to accommodate the product holding chamber.
24. The method as recited in claim 11, comprising placing the product holding chamber of the blister cavity in a window portion formed in the first panel.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for allocating subchannels in a wireless network wherein a plurality of users are subscribed in the wireless network, a base station has NT transmission antennas, a user i has NR reception antennas, a network capacity determined by the NT transmission antennas and K subcarrier groups is divided into K transmission subchannel groups, and a network bandwidth determined by the NT transmission antennas is divided into the K subchannel groups;
wherein the base station sequentially allocates channels to the plurality of users on the basis of a proportional value of a data transmission rate supported to each user and an average throughput of each user in a predetermined time and a service quality required by each user, wherein a desired service quality of said each user is a minimum allowable data transmission rate of the user;
the method comprising:
a step (a) of calculating a relative weight between the users by said base station on the basis of a minimum allowable data transmission rate \u03c6i of each user subscribed in the system in each predetermined time slot 1;
a step (b) of calculating \u03c6iSDRc(i)Ti for all the users of the entire system by said base station on the basis of a data transmission rate SDRc(i) supported from the user i of a current c-th subchannel and an average throughput Ti of each user in a window having a predetermined past length tc;
a step (c) of selecting the user i having a maximum value of \u03c6iSDRc(i)Ti and allocating the subchannel c to the user i by the base station; and
a step (d) of executing said steps (a) to (c) for all channels by the base station.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the weight \u03c6i of said user is calculated and stored by said base station and is used as a scheduling weight coefficient.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the user determines a pattern of adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) on the basis of a received signal-to-noise ratio SNR, and feeds the pattern ID of the selected AMC pattern back to the base station.
4. A method according to claim 2, wherein the user feeds only the AMC pattern ID back to the base station to use it as channel state information.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein, in said step (b), said base station determines said SDRc(i) using a correlation between a pattern ID in a pattern table of adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) and said SDRc(i) on the basis of the pattern ID fed back from each user.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein said pattern table of adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) is held by both the base station and the user.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the updating of said average throughput Ti, is carried out according to an equation,
T
i

(
i
)
=
(

1
–

1

t
c
)

\u2062
\u2062

T
i

(

i
–
1

)
+
1

t
c
\u2062
\u2211

c
=
1
N
T

\u2062
K
\u2062
\u2062
SDR
c

(
i
)
\u2062
\u03c1
i

\u2061

(
c
)
wherein, \u03c1i(c) indicates whether or not the subchannel is being used by the user i.
8. A method according to claim 1, wherein said base station updates said average throughput Ti, until all subchannels are allocated after each predetermined time slot 1.
9. A method according to claim 1, wherein when the number of users in the network is M, the data transmission rate SDRc(i) supported for the user i of the entire subchannels forms a matrix equation \u0393 which follows, said base station calculates \u03c6iSDRc(i)Ti, for each element in the equation \u0393 in said step (b); the base station selects a maximum value of \u03c6iSDRc(i)Ti, allocates subchannels having a corresponding column number in the equation \u0393 to users having a corresponding row number in the equation \u0393, and then deletes a corresponding column in the equation \u0393 in said step (c); and the base station returns to said step (c) until all columns are deleted in the equation \u0393 in said step (d),
\u0393
=
SDR
1

(
1
)
SDR
2

(
1
)
\u2026
SDR
N
T

\u2062
K
(
1
)
SDR
1

(
2
)
SDR
2

(
2
)
\u2026
SDR
N
T

\u2062
K
(
2
)
\u2026
\u2026
\u2026
\u2026
SDR
1

(
M
)
SDR
2

(
M
)
\u2026
SDR
N
T

\u2062
K
(
M
)
wherein, elements in the i-th row in the matrix equation corresponds to data transmission rates supportable for the user i of channels 1 to NTK.
10. A method according to claim 1, wherein said wireless network is a wireless cellular network.
11. A method according to claim 1, wherein said wireless network employs techniques of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO).