Author: claimsbot

1. A cryptographic method during which an integer division of the type q=a div b and r=a mod b is performed, where q is a quotient, a is a number containing m bits, b is a number of containing n bits, with n less than or equal to m and bn\u22121 is non-zero, bn\u22121 being the most significant bit of b, comprising the following steps:
(i) performing a partial division of a word A, comprising of n bits of the number a, by the number b to obtain a bit of the quotient q, wherein at least one of the numbers a and b comprises secret data;
(ii) repeating step (i) for m\u2212n+1 iterations with the same operations being performed at each iteration, regardless of the value of the quotient bit obtained, to obtain the quotient q; and
(iii) generating encrypted or decrypted data in accordance with said quotient.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein, at each iteration, an addition of the number b to the word A and a subtraction of the number b from the word A are performed.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein all the following steps are performed:
Input: a=(0, an\u22121, . . . , a0)
b=(bn\u22121, . . . , b0)
Output: q=a div b and r=a mod b
A=(0, am\u22121, . . . , am\u2212n+1); \u03c3\u2032\u21901
For j=1 to (m\u2212n+1), do:
a\u2190SHLm+1(a, 1); \u03c3\u2190carry
A\u2190(\u03c3\u2032)SUBn(A, b)+(\u03c3)ADDn(A, b)
\u03c3\u2190(\u03c3\u2032 AND \u03c3\u2032)(\u03c3\u2032 AND carry)(\u03c3\u2032 AND carry)
lsb(a) \u03c3\u2032
\u03c3\u2032\u2190\u03c3

End For
if (\u03c3=TRUE) then A\u2190ADDn(A, b)
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein, at each iteration, either the number b or of a number {overscore (b)} complementary to the number b is added to the word A.
5. A method according to claim 4, further including the step, at each iteration, of updating a first variable (\u03c3\u2032) indicating whether, during the following iteration, the number b or the number {overscore (b)} is to be added with the word A according to the quotient bit produced.
6. A method according to claim 4, during wherein all the following steps are performed:
Input: a=(0, am\u22121, . . . , a0)
b=(bn\u22121, . . . , b0)

Output: q=a div b and r=a mod b
A=(0, am\u22121, . . . , am\u2212n+1); \u03c3\u2032\u21901; {overscore (b)}\u2190CPL2N(b)
For j=1 to (m\u2212n+1), do:
a\u2190SHLm+1(a, 1); \u03c3\u2190carry
daddr\u2190baddr+\u03c3\u2032({overscore (b)}addr\u2212baddr)
A\u2190ADDn(A, d)
\u03c3\u2190(\u03c3\u2032 AND \u03c3\u2032)(\u03c3\u2032 AND carry)(\u03c3\u2032 AND carry)
lsb(a)\u2190\u03c3\u2032
\u03c3\u2032\u2190\u03c3

End For
if (\u03c3=TRUE) then A\u2190ADDn(A, b)
7. A method according to claim 1, further including the steps, at each iteration, of performing an operation of complement to 2n of an updated data item (b or {overscore (b)}) or of a notional data item (c or {overscore (c)}), and adding the updated data item with the word A.
8. A method according to claim 7, further including the step, at each iteration, of updating a second variable (\u03b4), indicating whether, during the following iteration, the operation of complement to 2n is to be performed on the updated data item or on the notional data item.
9. A method according to claim 7, further including the step, at each iteration, of updating of a third variable (\u03b2) indicating whether the updated data item is equal to the data item b or to its complement to 2n.
10. A method according to claim 7, wherein all the following steps are also performed:
Input: a=(0, am\u22121, . . . , a0)
b=(bn\u22121, . . . , b0)

Output: q=a div b and r=a mod b
\u03c3\u2032\u21901; \u03b2\u21901, \u03b3\u21901; A=(0, am\u22121, . . . , am\u2212n+1)
for j=1 to (m\u2212n+1), do:
a\u2190SHLm+1(a, 1); \u03c3\u2190carry
\u03b4\u2190\u03c3\u2032\u03b2
daddr\u2190baddr+\u03b4(caddr\u2212baddr)
d\u2190CPL2n(d)
A\u2190ADDn(A, b)
\u03c3\u2190(\u03c3 AND \u03c3\u2032)(\u03c3 AND carry)(\u03c3\u2032 AND carry)
\u03b2\u2190\u03c3\u2032; \u03b3\u2190\u03b3\u03b4; \u03c3\u2032\u2190\u03c3
lsb(a)=\u03c3

end for
if (\u03c3=TRUE) then A\u2190ADDn(A, b)
11. A method according to claim 10, at the end, the following operations are performed:
if (\u03b2=TRUE) then b\u2190CPL2n(b)
if (\u03b3=TRUE) then c\u2190CPL2n(c).
12. An electronic component comprising calculation means programmed to implement a method according to claim 1, said calculation means comprising a central unit associated with a memory comprising several registers for storing the data a and b.
13. A chip card comprising an electronic component according to claim 12.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An optical pickup comprising:
an objective lens;
a protection member for protecting the objective lens; and
a lens holding member configured to hold the objective lens and the protection member,
wherein the protection member includes (i) a bearing surface configured to contact a surface of an edge portion of the objective lens not facing an optical recording medium, (ii) an aperture configured to control a diameter of laser light to be incident on the objective lens, and (iii) a protection portion protruding toward the optical recording medium with respect to the objective lens, in which the bearing surface, the aperture, and the protection portion are integrally formed with one another.
2. The optical pickup according to claim 1, wherein the lens holding member includes a bonding recess configured to bond the objective lens and the protection member with the lens holding member.
3. The optical pickup according to claim 2, wherein the protection member includes a cut portion configured to bond the objective lens with an adhesive filled in the bonding recess.
4. The optical pickup according to claim 1, wherein the lens holding member includes a fitting portion configured to position the protection member.
5. The optical pickup according to claim 1, wherein the protection member includes a fitting portion configured to position the objective lens, the fitting portion having the bearing surface.
6. The optical pickup according to claim 1, wherein the lens holding member includes a fitting portion configured to position the objective lens.
7. An optical disk drive apparatus configured to rotationally drive an optical recording medium, to condense laser light onto the optical recording medium, and to effect at least one of reproducing and recording of an information signal from andor on the optical recording medium with reflection light of the laser light, said optical disk drive apparatus comprising:
an objective lens;
a protection member for protecting the objective lens; and
a lens holding member configured to hold the objective lens and the protection member,
wherein the protection member includes (i) a bearing surface configured to contact a surface of an edge portion of the objective lens not facing an optical recording medium, (ii) an aperture configured to control a diameter of laser light to be incident on the objective lens, and (iii) a protection portion protruding toward the optical recording medium with respect to the objective lens, in which the bearing surface, the aperture, and the protection portion are integrally formed with one another.
8. The optical disk drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the lens holding member includes a bonding recess configured to bond the objective lens and the protection member with the lens holding member.
9. The optical disk drive apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the protection member includes a cut portion configured to bond the objective lens with an adhesive filled in the bonding recess.
10. The optical disk drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the lens holding member includes a fitting portion configured to position the protection member.
11. The optical disk drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the protection member includes a fitting portion configured to position the objective lens, the fitting portion having the bearing surface.
12. The optical disk drive apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the lens holding member includes a fitting portion configured to position the objective lens.

1. A tracking vehicle for supporting a demarcating element for demarcating an area, the tracking vehicle comprising a tracking arm structure for tracking a guide wire disposed in or adjacent to the area, wherein a tension force is exerted by the demarcating element on the tracking vehicle in a lateral direction generally perpendicular to the guide wire and wherein the tracking arm structure exerts substantially no force on the guide wire in the lateral direction.
2. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle has a length in the direction of the guide wire and the tension force is exerted at an equilibrium position along the length of the vehicle.
3. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle is supported by a plurality of cage wheels, a running surface of the cage wheels being constituted by spaced apart, circularly curved strips.
4. The vehicle as claimed in claim 3, the vehicle comprising two pairs of cage wheels that are drivable independently of each other, each pair of cage wheels comprising a drive chain.
5. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a reel driven by an electric motor for rolling and unrolling the demarcating element, and in that the reel is connected with the vehicle in a first suspension point by means of a load cell and is connected with the vehicle in a second suspension point by means of a leaf spring.
6. The vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vehicle comprises a guiding piece that is rotatable about a vertical axis and along which the demarcating element is guided to the reel.
7. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tracking arm structure is provided with a tracking element for tracking the guide wire.
8. The vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein the tracking element engages the guide wire at at least two spaced apart points of engagement.
9. The vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein, at said points of engagement, the tracking element comprises bracket-shaped elements for enclosing the guide wire.
10. The vehicle as claimed in claim 9, wherein each of the bracket-shaped elements is provided at its lower side with a closing element that can be opened against spring action.
11. The vehicle as claimed in claims 8, wherein the tracking arm structure, is provided with one or more location determining sensors or approach sensors.
12. The vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein the tracking arm structure comprises a first arm portion that is connected with a frame of the vehicle so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis.
13. The vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein the tracking arm structure comprises a first angle measuring device for measuring an angular rotation of the first arm portion relative to a horizontal axis.
14. The vehicle as claimed in claim 13, wherein the tracking element is connected with an end of the first arm portion so as to be rotatable about a first vertical axis.
15. The vehicle as claimed in claim 14, wherein the tracking arm structure comprises a second angle measuring device for measuring an angular rotation of the tracking element relative to the first vertical axis.
16. The vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein the first arm portion is connected with the frame of the vehicle to be extendable.
17. The vehicle as claimed in claim 16, wherein the tracking arm structure comprises a distance measuring device for measuring the distance or extension of the tracking element relative to the vehicle.
18. The vehicle as claimed in claim 17, wherein the distance measuring device comprises a third angle measuring device.
19. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle is an unmanned vehicle.
20. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1 in a system for demarcating an area, the system further comprising a second vehicle, wherein the demarcating element is connected in tension between the tracking vehicle and the second vehicle.
21. The system as claimed in claim 20, wherein the second vehicle comprises a second guiding piece that is rotatable about a vertical axis.
22. The system as claimed in claim 21, wherein the second guiding piece comprises a break-back device to which the demarcating element is attachable.
23. The system as claimed in claim 22, wherein the break-back device is a spring break-back device comprising a helical bending spring with a circular section.
24. The system as claimed in claim 21, wherein the second guiding piece comprises a load cell.
25. The system as claimed in claims 21, wherein the second guiding piece comprises an angle measuring instrument with the aid of which the angular rotation about the vertical axis can be determined.
26. The system as claimed in claim 20, further comprising a second guide wire disposed in or adjacent to the area, wherein the second vehicle also comprises a freely movable tracking arm structure for tracking the second guide wire.
27. The system as claimed in claim 20, wherein the tracking arm structure of the first vehicle or the second vehicle is provided with protection means to put the vehicle out of operation or generate an alarm when the tracking arm structure does not co-operate correctly with the respective guide wire.
28. An unmanned tracking vehicle comprising a tracking arm structure for tracking a guide wire, the tracking arm structure comprising a tracking element for engaging the guide wire, the tracking element being freely movable with respect to the vehicle, the vehicle further comprising a controller for determining the relative position of the tracking element with respect to the vehicle and for controlling a direction of movement of the vehicle in response to the relative position.
29. The vehicle as claimed in claim 28, further comprising left and right independently driven wheels, wherein the controller steers the vehicle by individually controlling the left and right wheels.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A rectangular prism shaped mathematical game open on the top that comprises two dowel rods with one rotating numbered cube on each of the shorter sides; two dowel rods with 19 rotating cubes on each of the longer sides; two 12 sided numbered dice; and three 20 sided numbered dice.
2. The numbering of claim 1 shorter sided cubes are 1, 2, 3, & 4.
3. The markings of claim 1 longer sided cubes on the first side of the rotating cubes are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, +, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
4. The markings of claim 1 longer sided cubes on the second side of the rotation cubes are 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, \u2212, with the remaining cubes blank.
5. The markings of claim 1 longer sided cubes on the third side of the rotation cubes and on the day side of the game board are 8, 12, 18, 36, 45, 54, 56, 72, 81, \xf7, with the remaining cubes blank.
6. The markings for claim 1 longer sided cubes on the third side of the rotation cubes and on the night side of the game board are 6, 9, 16, 24, 25, 28, 42, 63, 64, \xf7, with the remaining cubes blank.
7. The markings of claim 1 longer sided cubes fourth side are blank except for the middle cubes on both longer sides that have the symbol \xd7.
8. The markings of claim 1 that are found on the first 12-sided dice are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 3, 5, & 7.
9. The markings of claim 1 on the second 12-sided dice include 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 4, 6, & 8.
10. The markings of claim 1 on the first 20-sided dice are 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 24, 28, 35, 36, 42, 49, 54, 56, 64, & 72.
11. The markings of claim 1 on the second 20-sided dice are 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12, 14, 18, 24, 25, 27, 30, 32, 36, 40, 45, 48, 63, & 81.
12. The markings of claim 1 on the third 20-sided dice are 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 16, 21, 25, 27, 28, 32, 35, 36, 42, 48, 49, 54, 56, 64, & 72.
13. A method for playing a mathematical game for the basic math facts including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division; comprising: rolling two 12-sided dice and turning cubes on dowel rods for addition; rolling two 12-sided dice and turning cubes on dowel rods for subtraction; rolling three 20-sided dice and turning cubes on dowel rods for multiplication; rolling two 12-sided dice and turning cubes on dowel rods for division.
14. The method of claim 13 for setting up the board for addition, comprising: each player chooses a long side; each side has 2 sets of numbers with a sign in the middle; both players choose the addition symbol in the middle of the sets of numbers so that it faces up and the numbers 1-9 on both sides of the addition symbol so that they face up; to play roll both 12-sided dice at the same time; add what was rolled on both dice; the sum is the total number to seek; find 2 numbers on either side of the addition symbol that will add up to equal that total; turn the cubes so the blank square is showing instead of the number; the aim is to eliminate all the numbers so that only the blank sides of the cubes remain; if there is no move to make, players may use the sided numbered cubes as an extra life and stay in the game for the next turn.
15. The method of claim 13 for setting up the board for subtraction, comprising: each player chooses a side; each side has 2 sets of numbers with a symbol in the middle; choose the subtraction symbol in the middle of the sets of numbers so that it faces up; choose the numbers 18-10 on the left side of the subtraction symbol and the numbers 1-9 on the right side of the subtraction symbol so that they face up; to play subtraction, roll both of the 12-sided dice at the same time; select one of the numbers rolled to be the difference between two numbers on the cubes; find a number on the left side of the subtraction symbol and subtract a number on the right side of the subtraction symbol from it; the answer should be the number rolled; turn the cubes that were selected so the blank square is showing instead of the number; the aim is to eliminate all the numbers so that only the blank sides of the cubes remain; if no move can be made, use one of the side numbered cubes as an extra life and stay in the game for the next turn.
16. The method of claim 13 to set up the board for multiplication, comprising: each player chooses a side; each side has 2 sets of numbers with a symbol in the middle; choose the multiplication symbol in the middle of the sets of numbers so that it faces up; choose the numbers 1-9 on both sides of the multiplication symbol so that they face up; to play multiplication, roll all three of the 20-sided dice at the same time; select one of the numbers rolled to be the product of two numbers on opposite sides of the multiplication symbol; choose a number on each side of the multiplication symbol that when multiplied will equal one of the numbers rolled; turn the selected cubes so the blank square is showing instead of the number; the aim is to eliminate all the numbers so that only the blank sides of the cubes remain; if there is no move to make, use one of the numbered side cubes an extra life and stay in the game for another turn.
17. The method of claim 13 to set up the board for division, comprising; each player chooses a side; each side has 2 sets of numbers with a symbol in the middle; choose the division symbol in the middle of the sets of numbers so that it faces up; choose the numbers 8-81 or 6-64 on the left side of the division symbol so that they face up; choose the numbers 1-9 on the right side of the division symbol so they face up; to play division, roll both of the 12-sided dice; select one of the numbers rolled or a combination of the numbers rolled to be the dividend; choose a number on each side of the division symbol that when divided will equal one of the numbers rolled or a combination of the numbers rolled; turn the selected cubes so the blank square is showing instead of the number; the aim is to eliminate all the numbers so that only the blank sides of the cubes remain; if there is no move to make, use one of the numbered side cubes as an extra life and stay in the game for your next turn.