Author: claimsbot

1. A confocal measurement apparatus comprising:
an optical system comprising:
a source arranged to emit, when in use, a probe beam, the optical system being arranged to direct, when in use, the probe beam to a location to be measured;
an apertureless detector arrangement capable of receiving a reflected beam from the location to be measured, the apertureless detector arrangement comprising a plurality of detector elements; and

a processing resource operably coupled to the apertureless detector arrangement; wherein
the processing resource is arranged to identify, when in use, a number of the plurality of detector elements illuminated by the reflected beam and select a detector element from the number of the plurality of detector elements based upon a predetermined criterion for performing a calculation in relation to an output signal generated by the selected detector element.
2. An optical measurement apparatus comprising:
an optical system comprising:
a source arranged to generate, when in use, a beam of electromagnetic radiation, the optical system being arranged to direct, when in use, the beam of electromagnetic radiation to a location to be measured; and
a feedback arrangement arranged to receive, when in use, a reflected beam from the location to be measured and to provide feedback information in response to receipt of the reflected beam, the feedback information being indicative of degree of alignment of the location to be measured with the optical system; wherein

the location to be measured is a location of a feature of an eye;
the optical system is arranged to receive the reflected beam from the eye; and
the optical system is further arranged to direct at least part of the reflected beam back to the eye, the redirected reflected beam constituting the feedback information.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the beam of electromagnetic radiation comprises an alignment image, the reflected beam also comprising the alignment image.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reflected image originates from a part of the eye selected from one of the following parts: a cornea of the eye, a lens of the eye andor a retina of the eye.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical source is arranged to generate a plurality of images with respect to a vanishing point, the optical system being further arranged to direct, when in use, the plurality of images to the eye for alignment thereof.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the feedback arrangement comprises a processing resource operably coupled to an image capture device in order to generate the feedback information in response to receipt of the reflected beam relative to a predetermined axis, the predetermined axis corresponding to an aligned state.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein:
the location to be measured is a location of a feature of an eye; and
the feedback arrangement is arranged to determine, when in use, a location of the feature of the eye relative to the optical system.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
the optical system has a receiving axis constituting the predetermined axis; and
the processing resource is arranged to provide the feedback information as an indication of the degree of alignment of the location of the feature of the eye with the receiving axis.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the feedback arrangement comprises a processing resource operably coupled to an image capture device;
the optical system has a receiving axis;
the location to be measured is coaxial with a first axis of an eye, the eye having a second axis; and
the processing resource is arranged to provide feedback for obtaining a misalignment of the first axis with the receiving axis in order to achieve alignment of the second axis with the receiving axis.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the feedback information is an audible or visual indication of alignment.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the source is capable of emitting a measurement probe beam invisible to an eye.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the source is arranged to generate a measurement probe beam, the optical system being arranged to direct, when in use, the measurement probe beam to the location to be measured; and further comprising
a detector arranged to receive, when in use, a reflected measurement probe beam from the location to be measured.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein the measurement probe beam also serves as the beam of electromagnetic radiation.
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the feedback arrangement comprises a processing resource operably coupled to an image capture device, the processing resource being arranged to generate a first measure of a first characteristic corresponding to illumination of the image capture device, the first measure constituting the feedback information.
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the processing resource is arranged to generate a second measure of a second characteristic corresponding to illumination of the image capture device, the second measure being of a different type to the first measure.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a store for storing characteristic data relating to illumination and corresponding to a state of substantially optimum alignment with the optical system or a state of mis-alignment with the optical system.
17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing resource is arranged to compare the feedback information with the characteristic data stored in order to determine alignment or misalignment of the location to be measured with the optical system.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1-20. (canceled)
21. A closure system for a potable liquid bottle, the potable liquid bottle having a neck having an upper edge defining a discharge opening and an annular recessed area below the upper edge, the annular recessed area having an upper end portion and a lower end portion, said closure system comprising:
a) a threadless cap, having:
i) a lid for overlaying and sealingly engaging the upper edge;
ii) a skirt depending from said lid, said skirt having a lower edge, said skirt having dimensions such that when said cap sealingly engages the upper edge of the neck, at least a portion of the lower edge of said skirt is located between the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the annular recessed area;

b) a protective sheath for application on said cap and on a portion of the neck of the bottle below the cap, said protective sheath being shrinkable to create a recessed zone within the annular recessed area adjacent the portion of the lower edge of said skirt located between the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the annular recessed area.
22. A closure system as defined in claim 21, wherein said sheath is heat shrinkable on said cap and on the portion of the neck of the bottle below the cap.
23. A closure system as defined in claim 22, wherein said sheath includes a line of weakness to facilitate tear and removal of said sheath after said sheath has been heat shrunk on said cap and on the portion of the neck of the bottle below the cap.
24. A closure system as defined in claim 22, wherein said skirt includes a line of weakness facilitating a manual tear of said skirt.
25. A closure system as defined in claim 24, including a pull tab on said skirt for initiating a tear of said skirt.
26. A closure system as defined in claim 25, wherein the portion of the lower edge of said skirt that is located between the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the annular recessed area includes the entirety of the lower edge of said skirt except said pull tab.
27. A closure system as defined in claim 24, wherein said line of weakness is configured such that a strip is formed when said skirt is being torn.
28. A closure system as defined in claim 27, including a tear stop at a location intersecting the line of tear propagating as a result of a manual pull applied on said skirt, said tear stop preventing the line of tear to propagate beyond said tear stop.
29. A closure system as defined in claim 28, wherein said tear stop includes a thickened portion on said cap.
30. A closure system as defined in claim 29, wherein said tear stop prevents complete separation of said strip from a remainder of said cap.
31. A closure system as defined in claim 30, wherein said strip extends partially around the perimeter of said cap.
32. A closure system as defined in claim 31, wherein said lid and said skirt are integrally formed.
33. A closure system as defined in claim 32, wherein said lid and said skirt are integrally formed by injection molding.
34. A closure system as defined in claim 24, wherein said lid includes a tension ring for retaining said cap on the neck of the bottle, said tension ring having an inwardly extending rib for engaging the neck of the bottle, said line of weakness including a portion extending across said tension ring to reduce a retaining force exerted by said tension ring on the neck of the bottle when a tear line propagating as a result of a manual pull applied on said skirt extends across said tension ring.
35. A water bottle, comprising:
a) a neck having an upper edge defining a discharge opening;
b) an annular recessed area on said neck below said upper edge, said annular recessed area having an upper edge portion and a lower edge portion;
c) a threadless cap, having:
i) a lid overlaying and sealingly engaging said upper edge;
ii) a skirt depending from said lid, said skirt having a lower edge, at least a portion of said lower edge being located within said annular recessed area between said upper edge portion and said lower edge portion;

d) a protective sheath applied on said bottle, said protective sheath extending over said cap and over a portion of said neck located below said cap, said protective sheath forming a recessed zone overlaying said annular recessed area and being adjacent to the portion of said lower edge of said skirt located within said annular recessed area between said upper edge portion and said lower edge portion.
36. A water bottle as defined in claim 35, wherein said sheath is heat shrunk on said cap and on a portion of the neck of the bottle below said cap.
37. A water bottle as defined in claim 36, wherein said sheath includes a line of weakness to facilitate tear and removal of said sheath.
38. A water bottle as defined in claim 35, wherein said skirt includes a line of weakness facilitating a manual tear of said skirt.
39. A water bottle as defined in claim 38, including a pull tab on said skirt for initiating a tear of said skirt.
40. A water bottle as defined in claim 39, wherein the portion of the lower edge of said skirt that is located between said upper end portion and said lower end portion includes the entirety of the lower edge of said skirt except said pull tab.
41-60. (canceled)

1. A composition for neutralizing a stain on a surface, the composition comprising:
about 3% to about 5% by weight substantially homogeneous particles comprising a catalyst and a resin, the resin comprising at least one of an acrylic, an acrylic latex, a polyester, a urethane, or an epoxy;
about 0.1% to about 1% by weight an emulsifier; and about 94% to about 99% by weight a liquid carrier;
wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of a phenolic curative, a glycidyl curative, a stannous organic catalyst, triphenylethyl phosphonium bromide, a heterocyclic nitrogen compound, an epoxy acid, an epoxy amidine, an epoxy anhydride catalyst, a dicyandiamide, a uretdione, an aminoplast, a blocked isocyanate, triethyleneamine, triethylenediamine, tribenzylamine, a tertiary amine, a polyamine, and a modified polyamine.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the resin is an acid terminated polyester resin.
3. The composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one of a flow additive, a degassing additive, a surfactant, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a UV absorber, a wax, a silicone additive, a texturing agent, an electrical charge control additive, an electrical conductivity additive, a processing aid, a colorant, or a filler.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the glycidyl curative comprises at least one of an aliphatic-, a cycloaliphatic-, an aromatic-, or a methacrylate-based glycidyl compound with an equivalent weight of about 50 to about 1,000.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the glycidyl curative comprises a melt temperature below about 125\xb0 C.
6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the stannous organic catalyst comprises at least one of dibutyltin dilaurate or dibutyltin diacetate.
7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the heterocyclic nitrogen compound comprises at least one of triglycidyl isocyanurate, an imidazole, hexahydro-N,N\u2032-dimethylaniline, N-methyl-piperidine, N,N\u2032-dimethylpiperazine, 1,5-diazobicyclo4.3.0non-5-ene, diazobicyclo2.2.2octane, 2\u2032-dimorpholinoethyl ether, di(2.6-dimethylmorpholinylethyl) ether, urea formaldehyde, cyclic amidine, benzoguanamine resin, tetramethoxymethyl glycoluril, melamine, or melamine-formaldehyde resin.
8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the imidazole comprises at least one of an epoxy imidazole, 2-propylimidazole, or 2-methylimidazole.
9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyamine comprises at least one of an aliphatic polyamine, a primary aliphatic polyamine, or a secondary aliphatic polyamine.
10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the resin is an epoxy resin.
11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the epoxy resin comprises an epoxy equivalent weight of about 650 to about 900.
12. The composition of claim 10, wherein the epoxy resin comprises a glass transition temperature from about 45\xb0 C. to about 75\xb0 C.
13. The composition of claim 10, wherein the epoxy resin comprises an ICI cone and plate viscosity at 150\xb0 C. of about 5 to about 100 poises.
14. The composition of claim 10, wherein the epoxy resin is at least one of a bisphenol A epoxy resin or a novolac epoxy resin.
15. The composition of claim 10, wherein the epoxy resin is a type 3 bisphenol A epoxy resin.
16. The composition of claim 2, wherein the acid terminated polyester resin comprises an acid number of about 30 to about 90.
17. The composition of claim 2, wherein the acid terminated polyester resin comprises a combining weight of about 1400 to about 1900.
18. The composition of claim 2, wherein the acid terminated polyester resin comprises a glass transition temperature from about 45\xb0 C. to about 70\xb0 C.
19. The composition of claim 2, wherein the acid terminated polyester resin comprises an ICI cone and plate viscosity at 200\xb0 C. of about 15 to about 50 poises.
20. The composition of claim 3, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one of an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, or a nonionic surfactant.
21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises at least one of an aliphatic soap, sodium stearate, sodium dodecanate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, or sodium laurylsulfate.
22. The composition of claim 20, wherein the cationic surfactant comprises at least one of dodecyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl ammonium bromide, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, dodecyl pyridinium chloride, dodecyl pyridinium bromide, or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
23. The composition of claim 20, wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises at least one of poly-oxyethylenedodecyl ether, polyoxyethylenehexadecyl ether, polyoxyethylenenonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylenelauryl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate ether, or monodecanoyl sucrose.
24. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester resin is synthesized from at least one of a neopentyl glycol, a terephthalic acid, a trimellitic anhydride, a glycol, or a dibasic organic acid.
25. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester resin is a branched polyester.
26. The composition of claim 25, wherein the branched polyester has resin functionalities of about 2 to about 4.
27. The composition of claim 25, wherein the branched polyester has resin functionalities of about 2.5 to about 3.5.
28. The composition of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier comprises at least one of an adhesive formulation, a latex formulation, sodium laurylsulfate, potassium laurylsulfate, ammonium laurylsulfate, or octylphenoxypolyethoxy-ethanol-polyethylene glycol.
29. The composition of claim 1, wherein the liquid carrier is water.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1-5. (canceled)
6: An active energy ray-curable resin composition comprising a polymerizable component (X) and a photoinitiator (XE), wherein the polymerizable component (X) comprises 15 to 70% by mass of a multifunctional monomer (XA) which has three or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, molecular weight per functional group of less than 110, and no ethyl group in the terminal; 15 to 50% by mass of a multifunctional monomer (XB) which has three or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, molecular weight per functional group of 110 or more, and no ethyl group in the terminal; and 15 to 40% by mass of a bifunctional monomer (XC) which has two radical polymerizable functional groups and four or more oxyethylene groups in the molecule, and no methyl group in the terminal.
7: The active energy ray-curable resin composition according to claim 6, wherein the polymerizable component (X) further comprises 15% by mass or less of a monomer (XD) having one radical polymerizable functional group in the molecule.
8-15. (canceled)
16: A material for imprint, comprising an active energy ray-curable resin composition according to claim 6.
17: The material for imprint according to claim 16, wherein the material is used for forming an uneven microstructure.
18: A molded article consisting of a cured product of an active energy ray-curable resin composition according to claim 6 or comprising a cured resin layer of an active energy ray-curable resin composition according to claim 6.
19: The molded article according to claim 18, wherein the molded article has an uneven microstructure on the surface.
20: The molded article according to claim 18, wherein the molded article is a display member.
21: A method for producing a product having the uneven microstructure having a cured resin layer having an uneven microstructure on the surface, wherein the method comprises at least following steps:
1) disposing an active energy ray-curable resin composition according to claim 6 between a stamper having an inverse structure of the uneven microstructure and a base material;
2) irradiating the active energy ray-curable resin composition with an active energy ray to cure the active energy ray-curable resin composition, and
3) removing the stamper.
22: A product having the uneven microstructure having an uneven microstructure on the surface,
wherein the product having the uneven microstructure is formed by contacting an active energy ray-curable resin composition according to claim 6 with a stamper having an inverse structure of the uneven microstructure on the surface, and curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition.
23: The product having the uneven microstructure according to claim 22, wherein the product having the uneven microstructure is an anti-reflective article.