Author: claimsbot

1. An ejection head, comprising:
a wall member which forms a pressure chamber and has an ejection aperture through which droplets of a liquid are ejected onto an ejection receiving medium, the pressure chamber accommodating the liquid to be ejected from the ejection aperture;
a diaphragm which causes a volume of the pressure chamber to change by performing bending deformation so as to cause the liquid accommodated in the pressure chamber to be ejected from the ejection aperture, the diaphragm forming one face of the pressure chamber;
a piezoelectric element which causes the diaphragm to perform bending deformation in accordance with a drive signal, the piezoelectric element being disposed on the diaphragm; and
a bonding member which bonds the diaphragm with the wall member,
a diaphragm plate which is divided by a groove structure into a plurality of regions, wherein the diaphragm corresponds to one of the regions and wherein depth of the groove structure determines the position of the groove structure on the diaphragm plate adjacent to the bonding member;
wherein the bonding member has a rigidity lower than that of the wall member of the pressure chamber; and
the piezoelectric element has a greater length and a width than an internal effective length and an internal effective width of the pressure chamber thereby to suppress reduction in pressure generated by the piezoelectric element.
2. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bonding member comprises an adhesive which bonds the wall member with the diaphragm.
3. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bonding member comprises a member having a Young’s modulus of no less than 1 MPa and no more than 1 GPa.
4. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the rigidity of the bonding member is higher in a thickness direction of the bonding member than a planer direction of the bonding member.
5. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bonding member has a thickness less than that of the diaphragm.
6. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bonding member has a rigidity lower than that of the diaphragm.
7. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the wall member forms a plurality of pressure chambers that share the diaphragm.
8. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the diaphragm also serves as an under electrode for the piezoelectric element.
9. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bonding member has an opening corresponding to the pressure chamber.
10. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein a thickness of the bonding member is set so that the higher a Young’s modulus of the bonding member is, the greater the thickness of the bonding member becomes.
11. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bonding member has a Young’s modulus of not greater than 100 MPa, when a width Wa of the piezoelectric element and a width Wb of the pressure chamber have a relationship 1<WaWb<1.1.
12. The ejection head as defined in claim 11, wherein the Young’s modulus of the bonding member is not greater than 10 MPa.
13. The ejection head as defined in claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric element distorts in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of applied electric field so as to distort the diaphragm in a bending mode.
14. An image forming apparatus, comprising an ejection head which comprises:
a wall member which forms a pressure chamber and has an ejection aperture through which droplets of a liquid are ejected onto an ejection receiving medium, the pressure chamber accommodating the liquid to be ejected from the ejection aperture;
a diaphragm which causes a volume of the pressure chamber to change by performing bending deformation so as to cause the liquid accommodated in the pressure chamber to be ejected from the ejection aperture, the diaphragm forming one face of the pressure chamber;
a diaphragm plate which is divided by a groove structure into a plurality of regions, wherein the diaphragm corresponds to one of the regions and wherein depth of the groove structure determines the position of the groove structure on the diaphragm plate adjacent to the bonding member;
a piezoelectric element which causes the diaphragm to perform bending deformation in accordance with a drive signal, the piezoelectric element being disposed on the diaphragm; and a bonding member which bonds the diaphragm with the wall member,
wherein the bonding member has a rigidity lower than that of the wall member of the pressure chamber; and
the piezoelectric element has a greater length and a width than an internal effective length and an internal effective width of the pressure chamber thereby to suppress reduction in pressure generated by the piezoelectric element.
15. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein the bonding member has a thickness less than that of the diaphragm.
16. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein the bonding member has a rigidity lower than that of the diaphragm.
17. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein the wall member forms a plurality of pressure chambers that share the diaphragm.
18. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein the diaphragm also serves as an under electrode for the piezoelectric element.
19. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein the bonding member has an opening corresponding to the pressure chamber.
20. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein a thickness of the bonding member is set so that the higher a Young’s modulus of the bonding member is, the greater the thickness of the bonding member becomes.
21. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein the bonding member has a Young’s modulus of not greater than 100 MPa, when a width Wa of the piezoelectric element and a width Wb of the pressure chamber have a relationship 1<WaWb<1.1.
22. The ejection head as defined in claim 21, wherein the Young’s modulus of the bonding member is not greater than 10 MPa.
23. The ejection head as defined in claim 14, wherein the piezoelectric element distorts in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of applied electric field so as to distort the diaphragm in a bending mode.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of synthesizing a ribonucleic acid, said method comprising contacting a template nucleic acid, in the presence of lead ions (Pb2) or tin (Sn2) ions, with a nucleotide derivatized with an imidazolide.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting is in the presence of tin ions.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting is in the presence of lead ions.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting is in an aqueous solution.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said contacting comprises withdrawing water from a complex formed between said nucleotide and said template nucleic acid.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said withdrawing comprises drying said aqueous solution under a vacuum.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein said withdrawing comprises freezing said aqueous solution.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said nucleotide is a ribonucleoside 5-monophosphate.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein said nucleotide is selected from the group consisting of cytidylic acid, adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid, and inosinic acid.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein said nucleotide is a deoxyribonucleoside 5-monophosphate.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein said imidazolide is selected from the group consisting of imidazole (Im), 2-methylimidazole (2-MeIm), 2,4-dimethylimidazole (2,4-diMeIm), 2-aminobenzimidazole (2-aminobzIm), and 2,4,5-trimethylimidazole (2,4,5-triMeIm).
12. The method of claim 1, wherein said tin ions or lead ions are present at a concentration ranging from about 0.0005 M to about 0.004M.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said tin or lead is present at a concentration of about 0.0015 M.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the derivatized nucleic acid is also contacted with magnesium (Mg2) or manganese (Mn2) ions.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein said magnesium or manganese is present at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001 to about 0.010 M.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein said magnesium or manganese is present at a concentration of about 0.005 M.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein said magnesium or manganese is provided as a magnesium or manganese salt.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein said magnesium or manganese salt is not a chloride salt.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein said magnesium or manganese salt is magnesium nitrate or manganese nitrate.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein said lead is provided as a lead salt.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein said lead salt is not a chloride salt.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein said lead salt is lead nitrate.
23. The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of template nucleic acid to mononucleotide to metal ion is about 1:1:1 where the amount of template is expressed in monomer equivalents.
24. The method of claim 14, wherein a ratio of Mg2 to Pb2 is about 4:1.
25. The method of claim 1, wherein said template ranges in length from about 30 to about 300 nucleotides.
26. The method of claim 1, wherein
said nucleotide comprises a cytodine, an adenine, a guanosine, an inosine, and a uradine;
said contacting is in an aqueous solution;
said tin or lead is present at a concentration of about 0.0015 M;
said magnesium is present at a concentration of about 0.005 M; and
said template nucleic acid is present at a concentration of about 0.005M expressed in monomer equivalents.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein said tin or lead is tin.
28. The method of claim 26, wherein said tin or lead is lead.
29. The method of claim 26, further comprising freezing the mixture.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein said mixture is frozen for about 5 to about 30 days.
31. The method of claim 26, further comprising drying the mixture.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein the dried mixture is stored for about 2 to about 6 days.
33. A method of synthesizing a ribonucleic acid, said method comprising contacting, in the presence of lead ions (Pb2) or tin (Sn2) ions, a plurality of activated nucleotides wherein said activated nucleotides are nucleotides derivatized with an imidazolide.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein said contacting is in the presence of tin ions.
35. The method of claim 33, wherein said contacting is in the presence of lead ions.
36. The method of claim 33, wherein said contacting is in an aqueous solution.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein said contacting comprises withdrawing water from a complex formed between said nucleotides.
38. The method of claim 37, wherein said withdrawing comprises drying said aqueous solution under a vacuum.
39. The method of claim 37, wherein said withdrawing comprises freezing said aqueous solution.
40. The method of claim 33, wherein said nucleotides are ribonucleoside 5-monophosphates.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein said nucleotides are independently selected from the group consisting of cytidylic acid, adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridylic acid, and inosinic acid.
42. The method of claim 33, wherein said nucleotides are deoxyribonucleoside 5-monophosphates.
43. The method of claim 33, wherein said imidazolide is selected from the group consisting of imidazole (Im), 2-methylimidazole (2-MeIm), 2,4-dimethylimidazole (2,4-diMeIm), 2-aminobenzimidazole (2-aminobzIm), and 2,4,5-trimethylimidazole (2,4,5-triMeIm).
44. The method of claim 33, wherein said tin or lead is present at a concentration ranging from about 0.0005 M to about 0.004M.
45. The method of claim 12, wherein said tin or lead is present at a concentration of about 0.0015 M.
46. The method of claim 33, wherein the derivatized nucleic acid is also contacted with magnesium (Mg2) or manganese (Mn2) ions.
47. The method of claim 46, wherein said magnesium or manganese is present at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001 to about 0.010 M.
48. The method of claim 47, wherein said magnesium or manganese is present at a concentration of about 0.005 M.
49. The method of claim 46, wherein said magnesium or manganese is provided as a magnesium or manganese salt.
50. The method of claim 49, wherein said magnesium or manganese salt is not a chloride salt.
51. The method of claim 50, wherein said magnesium or manganese salt is magnesium nitrate or manganese nitrate.
52. The method of claim 33, wherein said lead is provided as a lead salt.
53. The method of claim 52, wherein said lead salt is not a chloride salt.
54. The method of claim 53, wherein said lead salt is lead nitrate.
55. The method of claim 33, wherein a ratio of mononucleotide to metal ion is about 1:1.
56. The method of claim 46, wherein a ratio of Mg2 to Pb2 is about 4:1.
57. The method of claim 33, wherein
said nucleotide comprises a cytodine, an adenine, a guanosine, an inosine, and a uradine;
said contacting is in an aqueous solution;
said tin or lead is present at a concentration of about 0.0015 M; and
said magnesium is present at a concentration of about 0.005 M.
58. The method of claim 57, wherein said tin or lead is tin.
59. The method of claim 57, wherein said tin or lead is lead.
60. The method of claim 57, further comprising freezing the mixture.
61. The method of claim 60, wherein said mixture is frozen for about 5 to about 30 days.
62. The method of claim 57, further comprising drying the mixture.
63. The method of claim 57, wherein the dried mixture is stored for about 2 to about 6 days.
64. A kit for the synthesis of a ribonucleic acid, said kit comprising:
a container containing a nucleotide derivatized with an imidazolide; and
a container containing a lead salt or a tin salt.
65. The kit of claim 64, wherein said kit further comprises a container containing a magnesium salt.
66. The kit of claim 65, wherein said container containing a magnesium salt and said container containing a lead salt are the same container.
67. The kit of claim 66, wherein said lead salt and said magnesium salt are in an aqueous solution.
68. The kit of claim 64, wherein said magnesium salt is not a chloride salt.
69. The kit of claim 64, wherein said lead salt is not a chloride salt.
70. The kit of claim 64, wherein said lead salt is lead nitrate.
71. The kit of claim 64, wherein said magnesium salt is magnesium nitrate.
72. The kit of claim 64, wherein said kit further comprises instructional materials describing the synthesis of RNA according to the method of claim 1.

1. An industrial automation system that visualizes availability and safety levels, comprising:
an optimization component that generates a voting configuration that provides an optimized combination of a safety level and an availability level based upon available redundancy; and
a graphical user interface that presents a visualization of the safety level and the availability level.
2. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface employs the visualization to model at least one of a current condition, a trend, an adjustment, and historical data.
3. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface utilizes the visualization to obtain runtime feedback.
4. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface utilizes safety integrity levels as provided by IEC 61508.
5. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface continuously monitors at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
6. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface obtains a periodic notification associated with a change in at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
7. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface receives information utilized to generate the visualization in response to at least one of a time-out and a request.
8. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface displays event related information pertaining to at least one of a fault and a remediation related to the fault.
9. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface displays a bar graph that depicts the availability level of a safety function against the safety level by employing a movable marker that indicates the availability level.
10. The system of claim 9, the bar graph includes disparate sections related to various states of a process.
11. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface maintains a log of operational devices.
12. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface displays an event window that presents data associated with events, times at which the events occurred, and transitions that resulted due to the events.
13. The system of claim 1, the graphical user interface receives a user input and alters the optimized combination based on the user input.
14. The system of claim 1, further comprising a monitor component that detects a failure associated with an industrial automation device.
15. The system of claim 14, the monitor component provides data related to the failure to the graphical user interface to enable generating the visualization, the data includes at least one of a type of failure, a device associated with the failure, a process associated with the failure, and a time of the failure.
16. The system of claim 14, the monitor component yields a response to the detected failure and provides data related to the response to the graphical user interface.
17. The system of claim 1, further comprising an initialization component that generates an initial voting configuration at a time of setup and provides the initial voting configuration to the graphical user interface, the graphical user interface employs the initial voting configuration to yield the visualization.
18. The system of claim 1, further comprising a dynamic configuration component that adjusts the optimized combination to generate an updated voting configuration based at least in part upon a monitored real time event.
19. The system of claim 18, the graphical user interface modifies the visualization according to the adjusted combination associated with the updated voting configuration.
20. The system of claim 1, the optimization component evaluates the safety level by summing probabilities of failure associated with each device.
21. A method that facilitates visualizing an optimized utilization of redundancy in an industrial automation environment, comprising:
determining an optimized combination of a safety level and an availability level based at least in part upon an amount of available redundancy; and
displaying a visualization that announces the safety level and the availability level related to the optimized combination.
22. The method of claim 21, further comprising computing at least one of the safety level and the availability level during system configuration time.
23. The method of claim 22, further comprising:
receiving data that comprises at least one of a voting configuration, information associated with a safety function, a list of associated devices, availability versus safety integrity levels per device, and descriptions of modifications to a process corresponding to changes in integrity levels; and
generating the visualization based at least in part upon the received data.
24. The method of claim 21, further comprising computing at least one of the safety level and the availability level during run-time.
25. The method of claim 24, further comprising receiving an implicit message from an industrial automation device that includes information utilized to compute at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
26. The method of claim 24, further comprising receiving an explicit message from an industrial automation device that includes information utilized to compute at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
27. The method of claim 21, further comprising displaying information associated with monitored events.
28. The method of claim 27, displaying information that relates to at least one of an occurrence of a fault, a remediation associated with the fault, an addition of redundancy, a removal of redundancy, a change in safety level, a change in availability level, and a time corresponding to the event.
29. The method of claim 27, further comprising receiving data related to the monitored event in response to at least one of a time-out and a request.
30. The method of claim 21, displaying the visualization further comprises displaying a bar graph that depicts the availability level by way of an indicator versus the safety level.
31. The method of claim 30, further comprising moving the indicator to visualize a change associated with at least one of the safety level and the availability level.
32. The method of claim 21, displaying the visualization further comprises displaying an event window that includes information associated with a monitored event and a corresponding change to a voting configuration.
33. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving a user input and modifying at least one of the safety level and the availability level based at least in part on the user input.
34. A system that depicts availability and safety related to an industrial automation environment, comprising:
means for optimizing an allocation of an amount of available redundancy to provide a balance between safety and available; and
means for displaying the optimized allocation by graphically representing a safety level and an availability level.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1) A composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent.
2) The composition of claim 1 wherein at least one of the other active agents is a cardiovascular agent.
3) The composition of claim 2 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
4) The composition of claim 2, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of an ACE inhibitor, an ARB, and mixtures thereof.
5) The composition of claim 4, wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
6) The composition of claim 5 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, and mixtures thereof.
7) The composition of claim 5 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril, ramipril and ramiprilat and mixtures thereof.
8) The composition of claim 4 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
9) The composition of claim 8 wherein the ARB is selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, valsartan, and mixtures thereof.
10) The composition of claim 2, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
11) A composition comprising nebivolol and only one other active agent.
12) The composition of claim 11 wherein the other active agent is a cardiovascular agent.
13) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
14) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors and ARB’s.
15) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, and trandolapril.
16) The composition of claim 12, wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan and valsartan.
17) The composition of claim 12 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers and AGE formation inhibitors.
18) A pharmaceutical composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent, and a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier.
19) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 18 wherein at least one of the other active agents is a cardiovascular agent.
20) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
21) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, an ARB’s, and mixtures thereof.
22) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 21, wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
23) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 22 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, and mixtures thereof.
24) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 23 wherein the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril, ramipril and rarniprilat and mixtures thereof
25) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 21 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
26) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 25 wherein the ARB is selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, valsartan, and mixtures thereof.
27) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19, wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
28) A method of treating andor preventing a cardiovascular disorder comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically safe and effective amount of nebivolol and at least one other active agent, sufficient to treat said condition.
29) The method of claim 28 wherein the at least one other active agent is a cardiovascular agent.
30) The method of claim 29 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
31) The method of claim 28 wherein the cardiovascular disorder is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial and cerebral infarctions, atherosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal) angina, cardiac edema, renal insufficiency, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, controlling blood pressure in hypertension, platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema, vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices, wounds associated with the use of medical devices, pulmonary thromboembolism, cerebral thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis, thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders.
32) The method of claim 30 wherein the wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, an ARB’s, and mixtures thereof.
33) The method of claim 32 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
34) The method of claim 32 wherein the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
35) The method of claim 30 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
36) The pharmaceutical composition as set forth in claims 18, wherein said composition comprises a pharmaceutical kit.
37) The composition of claim 2, wherein the cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
38) The composition of claim 37, wherein the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, and a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof
39) The composition of claim 1 wherein at least one of the other active agents is a flavonoid.
40) The composition of claim 39 wherein the flavonoid is selected from the group consisting of (\u2212)-epictechin, (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, quercetin dehydrate, taxifolin and resveratrol, and mixtures thereof.
41) The composition of claim 1 wherein at least one other active agent is selected from the group consisting of flavonoids, cartenoids, sulfonylureas, and niacin and related derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
42) The composition of claim 41 wherein at least one other active agent is a carotenoid.
43) The composition of claim 42 wherein the carotenoid is selected from the group consisting of astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene, and mixtures thereof.
44) The composition of claim 41 wherein the at least one other active agent is a sulfonylurea.
45) The composition of claim 44 wherein the sulfonylurea is selected from the group consisting of acetohexamide, DiaBeta, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glipizide, glyclopyramide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, tolbutamide, glimepiride, tolbutamide and meglitinide analogues, and mixtures thereof.
46) The method of claim 29 wherein the cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
47) The method of claim 46 wherein the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide mononitrate and a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof
48) The method of claim 47 wherein the hydralazine compound is selected from the group consisting of budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine and todralazine, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
49) The method of claim 28 wherein at least one other active agent is a flavonoid.
50) The method of claim 49 wherein the flavonoid is selected from the group consisting of (\u2212)-epictechin, (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, quercetin dehydrate, taxifolin and resveratrol, and mixtures thereof.
51) The method of claim 28 wherein at least one other active agent is selected from the group consisting of flavonoids, cartenoids, sulfonylureas, and niacin and related derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
52) A method of improving NO release in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically safe and effective amount of nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one other cardiovascular agent, sufficient to improve NO release.
53) The method of claim 52 wherein the at least one other cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
54) The method of claim 53 wherein the at least one other cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
55) The method of claim 54 wherein the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
56) The method of claim 55 wherein the hydralazine compound is selected from the group consisting of budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine and todralazine, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
57) A method of reducing mortality associated with cardiovascular disease in a black patient comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof;
(ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
(iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate andor isosorbide mononitrate; and
(iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
58) The method of claim 57 wherein the cardiovascular disorder is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial and cerebral infarctions, atherosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal) angina, cardiac edema, renal insufficiency, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, controlling blood pressure in hypertension, platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema, vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices, wounds associated with the use of medical devices, pulmonary thromboembolism, cerebral thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis, thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders.
59) The method of claim 58, wherein the cardiovascular disorder is hypertension.
60) The method of claim 59, wherein the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
61) The method of claim 57 wherein the nebivolol is administered in an amount of from about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day.
62) A method for improving NO release in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a safe and therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof;
(ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
(iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate andor isosorbide mononitrate; and
(iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
63) The method of claim 62, wherein the cardiovascular disorder is hypertension.
64) The method of claim 62, wherein the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
65) The method of claim 64, wherein the hydralazine compound is hydralazine hydrochloride.
66) A method for improving exercise tolerance or for improving the quality of life in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof;
(ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
(iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate andor isosorbide mononitrate; and
(iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
67) The method of claim 66, wherein the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine hydrochloride, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
68) The method of claim 67, wherein the hydralazine compound is hydralazine hydrochloride.
69) A method of improving NO release in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt in an amount of about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day, and at least one other cardiovascular agent.
70) The method of claim 69 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
71) A method for the treatment andor prevention of cardiovascular diseases characterized by nitric oxide insufficiency, wherein said method comprises administering to a patient nebivolol, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, in an amount of about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day, and at least one other cardiovascular agent selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
72) A method for improving exercise tolerance or for improving the quality of life in a black patient in need thereof comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of:
(i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically salt thereof in the amount of about 1 mg to about 10 mg per day;
(ii) at least one cardiovascular agent; and
(iii) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
73) The method of claim 72 wherein the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB’s, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antilipemic agents, antidiabetics, antiinflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE crosslink breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
74) A composition comprising nebivolol, hydrochlorothiazide and at least one other additional active agent.