Author: claimsbot

1. A fixture comprising:
a router guide portion including a router support surface and a workpiece support surface;
a drill guide portion including a drill bit member;
an opening adjacent the router guide portion and the drill guide portion for accepting a workpiece; and
a clamping portion including a clamping member for securing the workpiece to the router guide portion.
2. The fixture of claim 1 wherein a channel extends through the router guide portion.
3. The fixture of claim 2 wherein the channel is defined on a first side by a first fixture half and on a second side by a second fixture half.
4. The fixture of claim 2 wherein a first router stop and a second router stop extend across the channel for engaging a portion of a router.
5. The fixture of claim 4 wherein the first router stop and the second router stop are adjustably mounted within the channel.
6. The fixture of claim 1 wherein an angle between the router support surface and the workpiece support surface is constant.
7. The fixture of claim 1 wherein an angle between the router support surface and the workpiece support surface is approximately 10 degrees.
8. The fixture of claim 1 wherein a sleeve having a central opening extends through the drill bit member for accepting a drill bit.
9. The fixture of claim 8 wherein the drill bit member is adjustable relative to the router guide portion in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
10. The fixture of claim 1 wherein a first fixture half and a second fixture half form the drill guide portion and the clamping portion.
11. The fixture of claim 10 wherein the drill bit member and the clamping member are attached to the first fixture half and the second fixture half.
12. A method of forming a pocket for a joint comprising:
a) attaching a workpiece to a fixture;
b) inserting a router into a router guide portion of the fixture;
c) engaging the workpiece with the router to form a pocket mortise; and
d) removing the router from the fixture.
13. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein step a) further includes visualizing the pocket mortise on a template.
14. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein step a) further includes adjusting the fixture based on a dimension of the workpiece.
15. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein step c) further includes plunging a router bit into the workpiece in a direction parallel to an axis of rotation of the router bit.
16. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein step c) further includes moving the router transversely through a channel extending through the router guide portion between a first router stop and a second router stop.
17. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein step d) further includes drilling a hole through an edge of the workpiece into the pocket mortise.
18. A pocket-mortise joint comprising:
a first workpiece including a first surface and a second surface adjacent the first surface, wherein the first surface includes a pocket having a base wall and a side wall surrounding the base wall and an opening extending from the second surface into the pocket;
a second workpiece having an edge located adjacent the second surface; and
a retention member extending from the pocket into the second workpiece.
19. The pocket-mortise joint of claim 18 wherein the base wall is substantially perpendicular to the side wall surface.
20. The pocket-mortise joint of claim 18 wherein the side wall includes a first curved end and a second curved end opposite the first curved end connected by substantially straight sidewall portions.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An information processing apparatus comprising a controller which sets type information, which represents that an application for executing a process using a dependent view video stream is an application for reproducing a 3-D image, in a clip information file which describes information on a transport stream including the dependent view video stream out of a base view video stream and the dependent view video stream obtained by encoding a plurality of video data according to a predetermined video coding format.

1. A hybrid transmission comprising:
a two-degree of freedom differential unit including four or more rotary members and structured in such a way that, when revolution states of two rotary members from among the four or more rotary members are determined, the revolution states of the other rotary members are determined;
a coupling section that sequentially couples the respective rotary members, in a higher revolution speed order, to one motorgenerator, to one of an output to a drive system and an input from a main power source, to the other of the output and input, and to another motorgenerator; and
a brake installed to fix one of the rotary members which is coupled to the input from the main power source, wherein, during a vehicle start, the brake is engaged to fix the rotary member coupled to the input and respective motors are driven for both of the motorgenerators to generate torques of a same direction to the output.
2. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises a Ravigneaux planetary gear set which is a combination of a single pinion planetary gear group and a double pinion planetary gear group, the input from the main power source is coupled to a common carrier of the Ravigneaux planetary gear set, the double pinion planetary gear group being arranged at a position that is closer to the input from the main power source than a position of the single pinion planetary gear group, each of sun gears of both of the single and double pinion planetary gear groups being coupled to a corresponding one of the one and the other motorgenerators, ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group being coupled to an output gear constituting the output to the drive system, and the brake being coupled to the common carrier to which the input from the main power source is coupled.
3. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises a Ravigneaux planetary gear set which is a combination of a single pinion planetary gear group and a double pinion planetary gear group, the input from the main power source is coupled to a common carrier to the Ravigneaux planetary gear set, the single pinion planetary gear group being arranged at a position that is closer to the input from the main power source than a position of the double pinion planetary gear group, each of sun gears of both of the single and double pinion planetary gear groups being coupled to a corresponding one of the one and other motorgenerators, a ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group being coupled to an output gear constituting the output to the drive system, and the brake being coupled to the common carrier to which the input from the main power source is coupled.
4. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises a Ravigneaux planetary gear set which is a combination of a single pinion planetary gear group and a double pinion planetary gear group, the double pinion planetary gear group being arranged at a position that is closer to the input from the main power source than a position of the single pinion planetary gear group, each of sun gears of both of the single and double pinion planetary gear groups being coupled to a corresponding one of the one and the other motorgenerators, a ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group being coupled to the input from the main power source and being coupled to the brake, and an output gear constituting the output to the drive system being coupled to the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group.
5. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises a Ravigneaux planetary gear set which is a combination of a single pinion planetary gear group and a double pinion planetary gear group, the single pinion planetary gear group being arranged at a position that is closer to the input from the main power source than a position of the double pinion planetary gear group, each of sun gears of both of the single and double pinion planetary gear groups being coupled to a corresponding one of the one and the other motorgenerators, a ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group being coupled to the input from the main power source and being coupled to the brake, and a ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group being coupled to an output gear constituting the output to the drive system.
6. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises a Ravigneaux planetary gear set which is a combination of a single pinion planetary gear group and a double pinion planetary gear group, the single pinion planetary gear group being arranged at a position that is closer to the input from the main power source than a position of the double pinion planetary gear group, each of sun gears of both of the single and double pinion planetary gear groups being coupled to a corresponding one of the one and the other motorgenerators, a ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group being coupled to the input from the main power source and being coupled to the brake, and a carrier common to the Ravigneaux planetary gear set being coupled to an output gear constituting the output to the drive system.
7. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises a Ravigneaux planetary gear set which is a combination of a single pinion planetary gear group and a double pinion planetary gear group, the double pinion planetary gear group being arranged at a position that is closer to the input from the main power source than a position of the single pinion planetary gear group, each of sun gears of both of the single and double pinion planetary gear groups being coupled to a corresponding one of the one and the other motorgenerators, the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group being coupled to the input from the main power source and being coupled to the brake, and an output gear constituting the output to the drive system being coupled to the common carrier of the Ravigneaux planetary gear set.
8. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brake is clutched during a start of a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted to fix one of the rotary members which is coupled to the input from the main power source.
9. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brake is clutched when a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted runs only by means of the output from one of the one and the other motorgenerators without resort to the main power source to fix one of the rotary members which is coupled to the input from the main power source.
10. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when the brake is clutched, both of the one and the other motorgenerators are driven to develop a torque in the same direction at the output.
11. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brake is clutched during a deceleration of a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted.
12. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein both of the motorgenerators are constituted by a compound current two-layer motor including a common annular stator, an inner rotor arranged on an inner periphery of the stator, and an outer rotor arranged on an outer periphery of the stator.
13. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotary members of the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises: the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group; the carrier; and the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group, in the higher revolution speed order, when a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted is started to run in a forward direction, the brake is clutched to fix the carrier, the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in a reverse revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in a positive revolution output direction to develop a positive directional revolution at the output and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output at a ratio of a lever determined with the carrier as a fulcrum, with the sun gears as power points, and with the ring gear coupled to the output as a point of application, and, after the vehicle is started to run in the forward direction, the brake is released to release the fixation of the carrier so as to enable a vehicular run with an output of the main power source.
14. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 13, wherein, when the vehicle is started to run in a backward direction,
a clutching of the brake causes the carrier to be fixed and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in the reverse revolution output direction and the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary carrier is driven in the positive revolution output direction to develop the reverse revolution at the output, and the output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified, and the amplified output is enabled to be directed toward the output at a ratio of another lever determined with the carrier as the fulcrum, with the sun gears as the power points, and with ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group as the point of application.
15. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotary members of the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises: the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group; the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group; the carrier; the ring gear Rd of the double pinion planetary gear group; and the sun gear Ss of the single pinion planetary gear group, in the higher revolution speed order, when a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted is started to run in a forward direction, a clutching of the brake causes the carrier to be fixed, the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in a reverse revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in a positive revolution output direction at the output coupled to the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified output is enabled to be directed toward the output at a ratio of a lever determined with the carrier as a fulcrum, with the sun gears as power points, and with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group as the point of application, after the vehicle is started to run in the forward direction, a release of the brake causes a fixation of the carrier to be released to enable a vehicular run with an output of the main power source, and, when the vehicle is started to run in a backward direction, a clutching of the brake causes the carrier C to be fixed, the one motorgenerator is driven in the positive revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator is driven in the reverse revolution output direction to develop a reverse directional output at the output coupled to the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output at a ratio of another lever determined with the carrier as the fulcrum, with the sun gears as power points, and with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group as the point of application.
16. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rotary members of the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises: the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group; the carrier; the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; and the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group, in the higher revolution speed order, when a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted is started to run in a forward direction, the brake is clutched to fix the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group, the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in a positive revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in a reverse revolution output direction to develop a positive directional revolution at the output coupled to the ring gear of the single planetary pinion gear group and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output at a ratio of a lever determined with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group as a fulcrum, with the sun gears as power points, with the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group as the point of application, after the vehicle is started to run in the forward direction, the brake is released to release the fixation of the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group to enable a vehicular run with an output of the main power source, and, when the vehicle is started to run in a backward direction, a clutching of the brake causes the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group to be fixed and the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in the reverse revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in the positive revolution output direction to develop a reverse directional output at the output and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output coupled to ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group at a ratio of another lever determined with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group as the fulcrum, with the sun gears as the power points, and with the ring gear of the single pinion planetary carrier as the point of application.
17. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rotary members of the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises: the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group; the carrier; the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; and the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group, in the higher revolution speed order, when a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted is started to run in a forward direction, the brake is clutched to fix the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group, the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in a reverse revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in a positive revolution output direction to develop a positive directional revolution at the output coupled to the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output at a ratio of a lever determined with the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group as a fulcrum, with the sun gears as power points, and with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group as the point of application, after the vehicle is started to run in the forward direction, the brake is released to release a fixation of the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group to enable a vehicular run with an output of the main power source, and, when the vehicle is started to run in a backward direction, a clutching of the brake causes the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group to be fixed and the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in the positive revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in the reverse revolution output direction to develop a reverse revolution at the output coupled to the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output coupled to the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group at a ratio of another lever determined with the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group as the fulcrum, with the sun gears as the power points, with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary carrier as the point of application.
18. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rotary members of the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises: the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group; the carrier; the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; and the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group, in the higher revolution speed order, when a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted is started to run in a forward direction, the brake is clutched to fix the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group, the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in a positive revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in a reverse revolution output direction to develop a positive directional revolution at the output coupled to the carrier and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output via the carrier at a ratio of a lever determined with the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group as a fulcrum, with the sun gears as power points, and with the carrier as the point of application, after the vehicle is started to run in the forward direction, the brake is released to release a fixation of the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group to enable a vehicular run with an output of the main power source, and when the vehicle is started to run in a backward direction, a clutching of the brake causes the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group to be fixed and the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in the reverse revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in the positive revolution output direction to develop a reverse revolution at the output coupled to the carrier and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output coupled to the carrier at a ratio of another lever determined with the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group as the fulcrum, with the sun gears as the power points, and with the carrier as the point of application.
19. A hybrid transmission as claimed in claim 7, wherein the rotary members of the two-degree of freedom differential unit comprises: the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; the ring gear of the single pinion planetary gear group; the carrier; the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group; and the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group, in the higher revolution speed order, when a vehicle in which the hybrid transmission is mounted is started to run in a forward direction, the brake is clutched to fix the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group, the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in a reverse revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in a reverse revolution output direction to develop a positive directional revolution at the output coupled to the carrier and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output via the carrier at a ratio of a lever determined with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group as a fulcrum, with the sun gears as power points, with the carrier as a point of application, after the vehicle is started to run in the forward direction, the brake is released to release a fixation of the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group to enable a vehicular run with an output of the main power source, and, when the vehicle is started to run in a backward direction, a clutching of the brake causes the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group to be fixed and the one motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear group is driven in the positive revolution output direction and the other motorgenerator coupled to the sun gear of the double pinion planetary gear group is driven in the reverse revolution output direction to develop a reverse revolution at the output coupled to the carrier and an output torque of each of the one and the other motorgenerators is amplified and the amplified torque is enabled to be directed toward the output coupled to the carrier at a ratio of another lever determined with the ring gear of the double pinion planetary gear group as the fulcrum, with the sun gears as the power points, and with the carrier as the point of application.
20. A method applicable to a hybrid transmission, the hybrid transmission comprising a two-degree of freedom differential unit including four or more rotary members and structured in such a way that, when revolution states of two rotary members from among the four or more rotary members are determined, the revolution states of the other rotary members are determined and the method comprising;
sequentially coupling the respective rotary members, in a higher revolution speed order, to one motorgenerator, to one of an output to a drive system and an input from a main power source, to the other of the output and input, and to another motorgenerator; and
installing a brake to fix one of the rotary members which is coupled to the input from the main power source, wherein during a vehicle start, the brake is engaged to fix the rotary member coupled to the input and respective motors are driven for both of the motorgenerators to generate torques of a same direction to the output.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of providing magnetic fluid treatment at a plurality of distinct points, comprising the steps of:
providing a first and a second length of conduit, each conduit comprising a magnetically conductive material defining a fluid impervious boundary wall with an inner surface and an outer surface and having a fluid entry port at one end of the conduit and a fluid discharge port at the other end of the conduit;
providing a first and a second length of an electrical conductor, each electrical conductor having a first conductor lead and a second conductor lead;
providing a first, a second and a third coupling device, each coupling device establishing a non-magnetically conductive conduit segment comprising a non-magnetic material defining a fluid impervious boundary wall with an inner surface and an outer surface and having inlet and outlet ports, the inner surface of said inlet and outlet ports adapted to receive a segment of conduit;
coiling the first electrical conductor around the outer surface of the first magnetically conductive conduit to form a first uninterrupted coil of electrical conductor encircling the first magnetically conductive conduit;
coiling the second electrical conductor around the outer surface of the second magnetically conductive conduit to form a second uninterrupted coil of electrical conductor encircling the second magnetically conductive conduit;
connecting the outlet port of the first non-magnetic coupling device to the inlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit;
connecting the outlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit to the inlet port of the second non-magnetic coupling device;
connecting the outlet port of the second non-magnetic coupling device to the inlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit, said union providing a fluid impervious, non-contiguous connection between the outlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit and the inlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit; and
connecting the outlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit to the inlet port of the third non-magnetic coupling device.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the steps of:
connecting the first and second conductor leads of the first electrical conductor coiled around the outer surface of the first magnetically conductive conduit to a first electrical power supply to produce an electromagnetic field within the inner surface of the fluid impervious boundary wall of the first magnetically conductive conduit, said magnetic field extending beyond each end of the first magnetically conductive conduit along the longitudinal axis of the first magnetically conductive conduit;
connecting the first and second conductor leads of the second electrical conductor coiled around the outer surface of the second magnetically conductive conduit to a second electrical power supply to produce an electromagnetic field within the inner surface of the fluid impervious boundary wall of the second magnetically conductive conduit, said magnetic field extending beyond each end of the second magnetically conductive conduit along the longitudinal axis of the second magnetically conductive conduit;
introducing a feed stream comprising a fluid column receptive to magnetic treatment to the inlet port of the first non-magnetic coupling device to establish a flow of the fluid column through the connected lengths of conduit;
directing the flow entering the first magnetically conductive conduit to pass through a first area of magnetic treatment concentrated at the inlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit;
directing the flow discharged from the inlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit to pass through a second area of magnetic treatment concentrated along a path extending through and substantially orthogonal to each turn of the electrical conductor forming the first coil surrounding the outer surface of the first magnetically conductive conduit;
directing the flow exiting the first magnetically conductive conduit to pass through a third area of magnetic treatment concentrated in the space between the outlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit and the inlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit;
directing the flow discharged from the inlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit to pass through a fourth area of magnetic treatment concentrated along a path extending through and substantially orthogonal to each turn of the electrical conductor forming the second coil surrounding the outer surface of the second magnetically conductive conduit;
directing the flow exiting the second magnetically conductive conduit to pass through a fifth area of magnetic treatment concentrated at the outlet port of second magnetically conductive conduit; and
discharging the fluid exiting from the outlet port of the third non-magnetic coupling device as a processed feed stream.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first electrical conductor coil encircling the first magnetically conductive conduit induces a magnetic field to which fluid passing through the first magnetically conductive conduit is exposed.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the second electrical conductor coil encircling the second magnetically conductive conduit induces a magnetic field to which fluid passing through the second magnetically conductive conduit is exposed.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic field concentrated in the fluid impervious, non-contiguous connection between the outlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit and the inlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit is greater than the magnetic field concentrated at the inlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit and the magnetic field concentrated at the outlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the supplies of electrical power are of sufficient magnitude to induce magnetic fields to fluid passing through the magnetically conductive conduits.
7. An apparatus for of providing magnetic fluid treatment at a plurality of distinct points comprising:
a first and a second length of conduit, each conduit comprising a magnetically conductive material defining a fluid impervious boundary wall with an inner surface and an outer surface and having a fluid entry port at one end of the conduit and a fluid discharge port at the other end of the conduit;
a first, a second and a third coupling device, each coupling device establishing a non-magnetically conductive conduit segment comprising a non-magnetic material defining a fluid impervious boundary wall with an inner surface and an outer surface and having inlet and outlet ports, the inner surface of said inlet and outlet ports adapted to provide for the fluid impervious, non-contiguous connection between a magnetically conductive conduit and an additional segment of conduit;
a first electrical conductor coiled around a segment of the first magnetically conductive conduit to form a first uninterrupted coil of electrical conductor encircling the first magnetically conductive conduit;
a second electrical conductor coiled around a segment of the second magnetically conductive conduit to form a second uninterrupted coil of electrical conductor encircling the second magnetically conductive conduit;
a first electrical power supply having a capacity to energize the first coiled electrical conductor and produce an electromagnetic field within the inner surface of the fluid impervious boundary wall of the first magnetically conductive conduit, the magnetic field of the first coil of wire extending beyond each end of the first magnetically energized conduit substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first magnetically conductive conduit; and
a second electrical power supply having a capacity to energize the second coiled electrical conductor and an produce electromagnetic field within the inner surface of the fluid impervious boundary wall of the second magnetically conductive conduit, the magnetic field of the second coil of wire extending beyond each end of the second magnetically energized conduit substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second magnetically conductive conduit.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the first and second electrical conductors each comprise a continuous strand of electrical conducting material having a first conductor lead and a second conductor lead.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein each turn of the first electrical conductor coiled around a segment of the first magnetically conductive conduit forms a first uninterrupted coil.
10. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein each turn of the second electrical conductor coiled around a segment of the second magnetically conductive conduit to forms a second uninterrupted coil.
11. The method of claim 7 wherein the first and second conductor leads of the first electrical conductor are connected to a first electrical power supply and the first and second conductor leads of the second electrical conductor are connected to a second electrical power supply.
12. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the outlet port of the first non-magnetic coupling device is connected to the inlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit to establish a non-magnetically conductive inlet conduit segment.
13. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the inlet port of the second non-magnetic coupling device is connected to the outlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit.
14. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the outlet port of the second non-magnetic coupling device is connected to the inlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit to provide a fluid impervious, non-contiguous connection between the outlet port of the first magnetically conductive conduit and the inlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit.
15. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the inlet port of the third non-magnetic coupling device is connected to the outlet port of the second magnetically conductive conduit to establish a non-magnetically conductive outlet conduit segment.
16. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the first and third non-magnetic coupling devices provide for the fluid impervious, non-contiguous connection of a first additional segment of conduit with the inlet port of the first magnetically energized conduit and a second additional segment of conduit with the outlet port of the second magnetically energized conduit to promote the flow of fluid through the magnetically energized conduits.
17. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the non-contiguous connection of a first additional segment of conduit comprising a magnetically conductive material with the inlet port of the first magnetically energized conduit provides for a concentration of magnetic energy in the space between the inlet port of the first magnetically energized conduit and the first magnetically conductive conduit segment and the connection of a second additional segment of conduit comprising a magnetically conductive material with the outlet port of the second magnetically energized conduit provides for a concentration of magnetic energy in the space between the outlet port of the second magnetically energized conduit and the second magnetically conductive conduit segment.
18. The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising a protective housing enclosing the first coiled electrical conductor, the second non-magnetic coupling device and the second coiled electrical conductor.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the protective housing comprises a tubular member having a first end plate affixed to the first magnetically energized conduit and a second end plate affixed to the second magnetically energized conduit.
20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the protective housing is made of a non-magnetic material.
21. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the protective housing is made of a magnetic material.
22. The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising a protective housing enclosing the first non-magnetic coupling device, the first coiled electrical conductor encircling a segment of the first length of magnetically conductive conduit, the second non-magnetic coupling device, the second coiled electrical conductor encircling a segment of the second length of magnetically conductive conduit and the third non-magnetic coupling device.
23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the protective housing comprises a tubular member having a first end plate affixed to a first additional segment of conduit connected to the inlet port of the first magnetically energized conduit via the first non-magnetic coupling device and a second end plate affixed to a second additional segment of conduit connected to the outlet port of the second magnetically energized conduit via the third non-magnetic coupling devices.
24. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the protective housing is made of a magnetically conductive material.
25. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the protective housing is made of a non-magnetically conductive material.
26. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein a segment of conduit within a piping system comprising a non-magnetically conductive material is sleeved by the first non-magnetic coupling device, the first magnetically energized conduit, the second non-magnetic coupling device, the second magnetically energized conduit and the third non-magnetic coupling device.
27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the non-magnetically conductive conduit promotes the flow of fluid through a plurality of distinct points of magnetic fluid treatment.
28. A method of treating a fluid, comprising the steps of:
establishing the flow of a fluid to be treated along a path extending through a first non-magnetically conductive inlet conduit segment, a first magnetically conductive conduit segment downstream of the inlet segment, a second non-magnetically conductive coupling conduit segment downstream of the first magnetically conductive conduit segment, a second magnetically conductive conduit segment downstream of the coupling segment and a third non-magnetically conductive outlet conduit segment downstream of the second magnetically conductive conduit segment; and
establishing magnetic fields having lines of flux directed along the flow path of the fluid and concentrated within the inlet conduit segment, within the first magnetically conductive conduit segment, within the coupling conduit segment, within the second magnetically conductive conduit segment and within the outlet conduit segment.
29. An apparatus for treating a fluid, comprising:
a conduit to receive a flow of a fluid to be treated, the conduit having a first non-magnetically conductive inlet conduit segment, a first magnetically conductive conduit segment downstream of the inlet segment, a second non-magnetically conductive coupling conduit segment downstream of the first magnetically conductive conduit segment, a second magnetically conductive conduit segment downstream of the coupling segment and a third non-magnetically conductive outlet conduit segment downstream of the second magnetically conductive conduit segment;
a first electrical conductor coiled around the first magnetically conductive conduit segment of said conduit with the coils oriented substantially orthogonal to the fluid flow, the first coiled conductor forming an electromagnet establishing a magnetic field having lines of flux directed along the flow path of the fluid and concentrated within the inlet conduit segment, within the first magnetically conductive conduit segment, and within the coupling conduit segment;
a second electrical conductor coiled around the second magnetically conductive conduit segment of said conduit with the coils oriented substantially orthogonal to the fluid flow, the second coiled conductor forming an electromagnet establishing a magnetic field having lines of flux directed along the flow path of the fluid and concentrated within the coupling conduit segment, within the second magnetically conductive conduit segment, and within the outlet conduit segment; and
a supply of electrical power coupled to the coiled electrical conductors to energize the electromagnets and produce the magnetic fields.
30. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the lines of flux form loops and the magnetic fields are of a strength that allows the flux to extend along the longitudinal axis of the magnetically conductive conduit segments and concentrate at distinct points beyond each end of the magnetically conductive conduits such that the magnetic flux loops extend from a point where the lines of flux concentrate beyond one end of a magnetically conductive conduit segment, around the periphery of the coiled conductor along the longitudinal axis of the magnetically conductive conduit segment, and to a point where the lines of flux concentrate beyond the other end of the magnetically conductive conduit segment.
31. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the magnetically conductive conduit segments absorb the magnetic fields and the magnetic flux loops generated by the coiled conductors at the points of flux concentration.
32. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein a segment of conduit within a piping system comprising a non-magnetically conductive material is sleeved by the conduit comprising a non-magnetically conductive inlet conduit segment, a first magnetically conductive conduit segment, a non-magnetically conductive coupling conduit segment, a second magnetically conductive conduit segment and a non-magnetically conductive outlet conduit segment.
33. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein the non-magnetically conductive conduit promotes the flow of fluid through a plurality of distinct points of magnetic fluid treatment.