Author: claimsbot

1. A method, comprising:
forming an NFET device having a P-well at a top side of a substrate;
forming a PFET device having an N-well at the top side of the substrate; and
forming a through wafer via from a backside of the substrate to a bottom surface of an isolation structure located between the NFET device and the PFET device, wherein the through wafer via is in contact with the bottom surface of the isolation structure;
forming a dopant on surfaces of a via opening of the through wafer via; and
out-diffusing the dopant into the substrate and a deep well.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the through wafer via is structured and arranged to prevent formation of a parasitic circuit.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the through wafer via is in contact with and at substantially the same electrical potential as one of the P-well and the N-well, and is not in contact with the other of the P-well and the N-well, respectively.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the isolation structure comprises a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure, and
a top portion of the through wafer via contacts a bottom portion of the STI structure.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the isolation structure comprises a trench isolation (TI) structure formed through a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure, and
a top portion of the through wafer via contacts a bottom portion of the TI structure.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the isolation structure comprises a deep trench (DT) structure formed below a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure, and
a top portion of the through wafer via contacts a bottom portion of the DT structure.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming at least one additional through wafer via from the backside of the substrate to a bottom surface of an additional isolation structure.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the forming the through wafer via comprises:
forming the via opening in the substrate;
forming a barrier metal liner on surfaces of the via opening; and
filling the via opening with a conductor, wherein the through wafer via includes the barrier metal liner and the conductor.
9. A method, comprising:
forming an NFET device having a P-well at a top side of a substrate;
forming a PFET device having an N-well at the top side of the substrate; and
forming a through wafer via from a backside of the substrate to a bottom surface of an isolation structure located between the NFET device and the PFET device, wherein the through wafer via is in contact with the bottom surface of the isolation structure,
wherein the forming the through wafer via comprises:
forming a via opening in the substrate;
forming a barrier metal liner on surfaces of the via opening; and
filling the via opening with a conductor, wherein the through wafer via includes the barrier metal liner and the conductor,

further comprising:
depositing a dopant on surfaces of the via opening;
forming a deep well in the substrate; and
out-diffusing the dopant into the deep well and the substrate.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising removing excess dopant from the via opening prior to the forming a barrier metal liner on surfaces of the via opening.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the out-diffusing creates an electrical contact at an interface of the trench and the deep well, and a high voltage junction at an interface of the trench and the substrate.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein:
the deep well is a deep N-well, and
the trench extends through the N-well, the deep N-well, and the substrate.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein:
the dopant comprises doped polysilicon, doped oxides, or doped silicate glasses;
the barrier metal liner comprises refractory metal nitride, refractory metal, or metal silicide; and
the deep well extends closer to the backside of the substrate than both the P-well and the N-well.
14. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming a conductive layer on the backside of the substrate, wherein the conductive layer is in contact with the through wafer via.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein a portion of the substrate extends between the P-well and the N-well such that the P-well and the N-well are not adjacent to one another.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the through wafer via extends into both the P-well and the portion of the substrate between the P-well and the N-well.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein the through wafer via is in contact with the P-well on a first side of the N-well, and further comprising forming a second through wafer via on a second side of the N-well opposite the first side.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the second through wafer via is not in contact with the N-well.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein a top surface of the through wafer via is in contact with the bottom surface of the isolation structure.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A rubber composition comprising:
(A) 100 parts by weight of a diene-based rubber
(B) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of, as a vulcanization accelerator, an amine salt compound of a carboxylic acid group-containing disulfide having the formula (I):
wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent hydrogen or a hetero atom containing C1 to C20 organic group, which may be substituted with a substitution group, and X is a hetero atom containing C1 to C20 organic group, which may be substituted with a substitution group, and
(C) 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of, as a vulcanization agent, of a cyclic sulfide compound having the formula (V):
wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C20 alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C20 oxyalkylene group or an aromatic ring-containing alkylene group, x is an integer of 2-6 on average, and n is an integer of 1-30.
2. A rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the rubber composition further comprises another vulcanization accelerator.
3. A pneumatic tire using, as a belt cord rubber, the rubber composition according to claim 1.
4. A pneumatic tire using, as a belt cord rubber, the rubber composition according to claim 2.

1. An emergency piloting method for a manual flight control system of an aircraft, the manual flight control system being arranged to include from upstream to downstream, at least: a manual flight control device, intermediate mechanical connections for control transmission, and an airfoil surface for changing the flight attitude of the aircraft; the method providing at least one intermediate mechanical connection that is arranged to include a mechanical terminal transmission with an input pivoting quadrant upstream therefrom, at its upstream end, an output pivoting quadrant at its downstream end, and at least one flexible connection means, and that is arranged for said manual flight control system that includes at least one centering rod to be provided with at least one series actuator coupled to an electronic control unit, wherein said mechanical terminal transmission is arranged to include towards the downstream end, at least one series actuator in parallel with at least one centering rod, said output pivoting quadrant possessing at least two distinct off-center pivoting hinges; one of these hinges being an off-center hinge for transmitting control to said airfoil surface so that said airfoil surface is under the authority of said system, the method making provision for using said off-center control transmission hinge to connect said series actuator to the output pivoting quadrant, while another off-center hinge, which is an emergency centering hinge is arranged to connect said centering rod to the output pivoting quadrant; and wherein in the event of a breakage of said flexible connection means, the upstream control device takes authority over the electronic control unit of the series actuator, while the output pivoting quadrant is subjected by said centering rod to a centering action, such that said output pivoting quadrant forms a bearing point for the series actuator, and emergency control is transmitted from the control device to the electronic control unit in such a manner as to actuate the airfoil surface downstream.
2. A manual flight control system for an aircraft, said manual flight control system comprising from upstream to downstream, at least: a manual flight control device, intermediate mechanical connections for control transmission, and an airfoil surface for changing flight attitude of the aircraft, at least one intermediate mechanical connection including a mechanical terminal transmission, with: an upstream input pivoting quadrant, a downstream output pivoting quadrant, and at least one flexible connection means, the flexible connection means being arranged between the input pivoting quadrant and the output pivoting quadrant and being arranged to transmit rotary control movements between said pivoting quadrants, the manual flight control system including at least one centering rod and at least one series actuator logically connected to an electronic control unit for said series actuator, wherein said mechanical terminal transmission includes downstream at least one series actuator in parallel with at least one centering rod, said output pivoting quadrant possessing at least two distinct off-center pivot hinges: one off-center hinge for transmitting control to said airfoil surface under the authority of the manual flight control system, said off-center hinge for transmitting control connecting said series actuator to the output pivoting quadrant, another off-center hinge being an emergency centering hinge that connects said centering rod to the output pivoting quadrant, a hinge remote from the manual flight control system connecting said centering rod to a fixed structure of the aircraft to be equipped with this system longitudinally opposite from the output pivoting quadrant, said output pivoting quadrant thus acting, in the event of said flexible connection means breaking, to form a bearing point for said series actuator, with said series actuator being subjected to the authority of the manual flight control device via the electronic control unit.
3. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein said mechanical terminal transmission includes, downstream: a single series actuator in parallel with a single centering rod, said single series actuator being hinged directly firstly to the output pivoting quadrant and secondly to crank means leading to said airfoil surface, the single centering rod being hinged directly firstly to the output pivoting quadrant and secondly to a fixed structural pivot.
4. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein said mechanical terminal transmission includes, downstream: at least one pair of series actuators, and interposed between the series actuators of a pair, a rocker having a middle pivot in a fixed location, each pair of series actuators being in parallel with at least one centering rod.
5. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein said electronic control unit of the series actuator(s) downstream from the output quadrant is logically under the shared authority of an autopilot system and of said manual flight control device.
6. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein the manual flight control system transmits piloting authority concerning a change in flight attitude of the aircraft in yaw, and said manual flight control device in the form of a pedal.
7. A manual flight control system according to claim 6, wherein the airfoil surface is in the form of blades of an anti-torque tail rotor.
8. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein the manual flight control system transmits piloting authority concerning a change of flight attitude of the aircraft in roll, and said manual flight control device is in the form of a cyclic stick.
9. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein said manual flight control system transmits piloting authority over a change of flight attitude of the aircraft in pitching, and said manual flight control device is in the form of a cyclic stick.
10. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein said manual flight control system includes power assistance downstream from said series actuator hinged to the output pivoting quadrant, the power assistance being in the form of a servo-control or the like interposed upstream from the airfoil surface under the authority of the manual flight control system and downstream from said output quadrant.
11. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein said manual flight control system includes a mixer upstream from said mechanical terminal transmission, the mixer being interposed between the manual flight control device and said input pivoting quadrant.
12. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein the manual flight control system includes flexible connection means provided with two cables in parallel, each having an upstream end and a downstream end, an upstream of each of the two parallel cables being coupled to the input pivoting quadrant while a downstream end of each cable of the flexible connection means is coupled in normal operation to the output pivoting quadrant.
13. A manual flight control system according to claim 2, wherein in the mechanical terminal transmission along a longitudinal axis (X) each series actuator in parallel with said centering rod is at least in part contiguous or substantially colinear with said centering rod.
14. An aircraft implementing the method according to claim 1, wherein the aircraft is a rotary wing aircraft.
15. An aircraft according to claim 14, wherein the airfoil surface is an anti-torque tail rotor, and the manual flight control system acts on a flight attitude of the aircraft in yaw.
16. An aircraft including one or more manual flight control systems according to claim 2, wherein the aircraft is a rotary wing aircraft.
17. An aircraft according to claim 16, wherein the airfoil surface is an anti-torque tail rotor, and the manual flight control system acts on a flight attitude of the aircraft (1) in yaw.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A chuck comprising:
a chuck body at least generally centered on a body axis and having an axially extending hole formed with forwardly open and frustoconically forwardly flaring inner surface portion;
a clamping element having an axially generally central and radially projecting guide rib slidable in the hole, an external screwthread, and an outer surface portion generally complementary with and engaging the inner surface portion, whereby axial rearward movement of the clamping element in the hole radially compresses the clamping element;
a ring axially nondisplaceable in the body, having an internal screwthread engaging the external screwthread of the clamping element, and having external gear teeth, whereby rotation of the ring axially shifts the clamping element in the body, the body being formed with a radially outwardly open cavity seat in which some of the teeth of the ring are exposed;
a gear fitted in the seat, meshing with the teeth of the ring, and rotatable about a drive axis not parallel to the body axis to rotate the ring about the body axis; and
a sleeve removably mounted on and separate from the chuck body, extending axially across and covering the seat to retain the gear therein, and formed with a throughgoing aperture through which a tool can fit to engage and rotate the gear.
2. The chuck defined in claim 1, wherein the chuck body has a front part formed with the forwardly flaring inner surface portion and a rear part axially rearward therefrom.
3. The chuck defined in claim 2, wherein the sleeve has a rim that is bent radially inward and captured axially between the parts of the chuck body.
4. The chuck defined in claim 2, wherein the seat is formed in the rear part.
5. The chuck defined in claim 1, wherein the gear is a bevel gear and the teeth of the ring are formed on an axial end face of the ring.
6. The chuck defined in claim 1, wherein the gear is a worm gear and the teeth of the ring are formed on a radial outer surface of the ring.
7. The chuck defined in claim 1, wherein the clamping element is a tubular one-piece collet formed with axially extending slots.
8. The chuck defined in claim 7, wherein the slots are filled with a compressible elastomer.
9. The chuck defined in claim 1, wherein the clamping element has a rear end formed with a rearwardly projecting guide collar fitted in and axially slidable in the hole.
10. The chuck defined in claim 1, wherein the screwthread of the element is axially longer than the threaded ring.
11. The chuck defined in claim 1, wherein the seat is a radially outwardly open cavity having an outer surface centered on the drive axis.
12. The chuck defined in claim 11, wherein the drive axis is perpendicular and radial of the body axis.
13. The chuck defined in claim 11, wherein the outer surface is frustoconical and the gear is a bevel gear, the teeth of the ring being bevel-gear teeth complementary to those of the gear.
14. The chuck defined in claim 11, wherein the aperture is centered on the drive axis and is of smaller diameter than the seat.