Author: claimsbot

1. A computer system, comprising:
an installing unit to install an external device to support a first interface or a second interface of the computer system;
an external device controller including a first controller to communicate with the external device installed to the installing unit, via the first interface, and a second controller to communicate with the external device installed to the installing unit, via the second interface;
an external device determiner to determine the first interface or the second interface supported by the external device, when the external device is installed to the installing unit; and
a controlling unit to control the external device controller to disable the first controller communicating via the first interface or the second controller communicating via the second interface, that is not supported by the external device installed to the installing unit, based on a determination result from the external device determiner during a power-on self-test (POST) operation of the computer system.
2. The computer system according to claim 1, wherein:
the external device comprises a hard disk drive (HDD) to support the first interface or the second interface.
3. The computer system according to claim 2, wherein:
the external device controller comprises an inputoutput control hub (ICH) that includes the first controller and the second controller.
4. The computer system according to claim 3, wherein:
the external device determiner comprises a predetermined installing pin among a plurality of signal pins, the installing unit to receive a first installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the installing unit, and to receive a second installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the installing unit; and
a general purpose inputoutput (GPIO) to output a determination signal to the controlling unit to indicate the first interface or the second interface being supported by the external device, according to the first installing signal or the second installing signal transmitted through the corresponding installing pin.
5. The computer system according to claim 4, further comprising:
a clock signal generator to generate a clock signal to selectively supply the clock signal to the second controller, and wherein
the controlling unit comprises:
a basic inputoutput system (BIOS) to disable the clock signal generator and the second controller, when it is determined that the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the installing unit, and the BIOS to disable the first controller, when it is determined that the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the installing unit, based on the determination signal from the GPIO, during the POST operation of the computer system.
6. The computer system according to claim 5, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard, and
the external device comprises either a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard.
7. The computer system according to claim 6, wherein:
the first controller comprises a PATA controller to communicate with the PATA HDD, and
the second controller comprises a SATA controller to communicate with the SATA HDD.
8. The computer system according to claim 2, wherein:
the external device determiner comprises a predetermined installing pin among a plurality of signal pins, the installing unit to receive a first installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the installing unit, and to receive a second installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the installing unit; and
a general purpose inputoutput (GPIO) to output a determination signal to the controlling unit to indicate the first interface or the second interface being supported by the external device, according to the first installing signal or the second installing signal transmitted through the corresponding installing pin.
9. The computer system according to claim 8, further comprising:
a clock signal generator to generate a clock signal to selectively supply the clock signal to the second controller, and wherein
the controlling unit comprises:
a basic inputoutput system (BIOS) to disable the clock signal generator and the second controller when it is determined that the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the installing unit, and the BIOS to disable the first controller when it is determined that the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the installing unit, based on the determination signal from the GPIO, during the POST operation of the computer system.
10. The computer system according to claim 9, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard, and
the external device comprises a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard.
11. The computer system according to claim 10, wherein:
the first controller comprises a PATA controller to communicate with the PATA HDD, and
the second controller comprises a SATA controller to communicate with the SATA HDD.
12. The computer system according to claim 1, wherein:
the external device determiner comprises a predetermined installing pin among a plurality of signal pins, the installing unit to receive a first installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the installing unit, and to receive a second installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the installing unit; and
a general purpose inputoutput (GPIO) to output a determination signal to the controlling unit to indicate the first interface or the second interface being supported by the external device, according to the first installing signal or the second installing signal transmitted through the corresponding installing pin.
13. The computer system according to claim 12, further comprising:
a clock signal generator to generate a clock signal to selectively supply the clock signal to the second controller, and wherein
the controlling unit comprises:
a basic inputoutput system (BIOS) to disable the clock signal generator and the second controller, when it is determined that the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the installing unit, and the BIOS to disable the first controller, when it is determined that the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the installing unit, based on the determination signal from the GPIO, during the POST operation of the computer system.
14. The computer system according to claim 13, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard, and
the external device comprises either a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard.
15. The computer system according to claim 14, wherein:
the first controller comprises a PATA controller to communicate with the PATA HDD, and
the second controller comprises a SATA controller to communicate with the SATA HDD.
16. The computer system according to claim 1, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard,
the external device comprises a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard,
the first controller comprises a PATA controller to communicate with the PATA HDD, and
the second controller comprises a SATA controller to communicate with the SATA HDD.
17. A computer system, comprising:
a first controller to communicate with an external device when installed via a first interface to the computer system,
a second controller to communicate with the external device when installed via a second interface to the computer system; and
a controlling unit to selectively disable the first controller communicating via the first interface or second controller communicating via the second interface, that is not supported by the external device, when the external device is installed to the computer system.
18. The computer system according to claim 17, further comprising:
an external device determiner configured to receive a first installing signal or a second installing signal from the external device, the external device determiner including a predetermined installing pin to receive the first installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the computer system, and to receive the second installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the computer system; and
a general purpose inputoutput (GPIO) to output a determination signal to the controlling unit to indicate the first interface or the second interface being supported by the external device, according to the first installing signal or the second installing signal transmitted via the corresponding installing pin.
19. The computer system according to claim 17, further comprising:
an external device determiner configured to receive a first installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the first interface is installed to the computer system, and to receive a second installing signal from the external device, when the external device supporting the second interface is installed to the computer system; and
a general purpose inputoutput (GPIO) to output a determination signal to the controlling unit to indicate the first interface or the second interface being supported by the external device, according to the first installing signal or the second installing signal from the external device.
20. The computer system according to claim 19, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard, and
the external device comprises either a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard.
21. The computer system according to claim 20, further comprising:
a clock signal generator to generate a clock signal to selectively supply the clock signal to the second controller, and wherein
the controlling unit comprises:
a basic inputoutput system (BIOS) to disable the clock signal generator and the second controller, when it is determined that the external device is supporting the first interface and installed to the computer system, and the BIOS to disable the first controller, when it is determined that the external device is supporting the second interface and installed to the computer system, based on the determination signal from the GPIO, during a power-on self-test (POST) operation of the computer system.
22. The computer system according to claim 17, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard, and
the external device comprises either a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard.
23. A method of controlling power consumption in a computer system, comprising:
installing an external device via a first interface or a second interface to the computer system;
determining which of the first interface or the second interface is installed to the external device, when the external device is installed to the computer system, to provide a determination result; and
selectively disabling a first controller of the computer system communicating via the first interface or a second controller of the computer system communicating via the second interface, that is not supported by the external device installed to the computer system, based on the determination result.
24. The method of controlling power consumption in a computer system according to claim 23, wherein:
the determining which of the first interface or the second interface is installed to the external device occurs during a power-on self-test (POST) operation of the computer system.
25. The method of controlling power consumption in a computer system according to claim 24, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard, and
the external device comprises either a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard.
26. The method of controlling power consumption in a computer system according to claim 23, wherein:
the first interface supports a parallel advanced technology attachment (PATA) standard,
the second interface supports a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) standard, and
the external device comprises either a PATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the PATA standard or a SATA hard disc drive (HDD) to support the SATA standard.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A lens barrel comprising:
a lens holder;
an imaging lens that includes a plurality of lenses inserted in the lens holder, the plurality being at least three;
a light shielding spacer that is a light shielding plate disposed between the lenses; and
a resin spacer that is a light shielding plate disposed between the lenses which the light shielding spacer is not disposed and has a thickness in an optical axis direction thicker than that of the light shielding spacer, and has elasticity in the optical axis direction,
wherein the resin spacer is disposed between the lenses that affect field curvature, and
wherein the resin spacer is deformed and fixed in position by compressing a space between the lenses that affect the field curvature.
2. The lens barrel of claim 1,
wherein the bending elastic modulus of the resin spacer is 2000 MPa to 3000 MPa.
3. The lens barrel of claim 1,
wherein the resin spacer has a ring shape having a taper-shaped portion of which an inner wall diameter on the side of an image pickup device is larger than an inner wall diameter on the side of an object.
4. The lens barrel of claim 3,
wherein a gap is present between an outer peripheral end portion of the resin spacer on the side of the image pickup device and an inner wall of the lens holder.
5. The lens barrel of claim 3,
wherein the resin spacer is formed so that a minimum diameter of a portion which is in contact with a surface of the lens on the side of the image pickup device is larger than a maximum diameter of a portion which is in contact with a surface of the lens on the side of the object.
6. An imaging device comprising:
th lens barrel according to claim 1;
a holder that holds the lens barrel; and
an image pickup device that is disposed to have an imaging center corresponding to an optical axis of the lens barrel held by the holder.
7. A portable terminal apparatus comprising the imaging device of claim 6.

1. A program switching method, wherein the method comprises:
receiving, by a program selection device, a notification message sent by a media server, wherein the notification message carries information indicating that a time-shifted program is played back to a border of the time-shifted program;
obtaining, by the program selection device, a content identifier of a target program directly according to the information carried in the notification message; and
sending, by the program selection device to the media server, a trigger message for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the trigger message carries the content identifier of the target program, so that the media server transmits the target program to a terminal device according to the content identifier.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the program selection device is a back-end management device, and the sending, by the program selection device to the media server, the trigger message for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the trigger message carries the content identifier of the target program, comprises:
returning a response message to the media server, wherein the response message carries the content identifier of the target program.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the response message carries the content identifier of the target program in one of the following manners:
manner 1, adding an SDP description to the response message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the SDP description; and
manner 2, adding an RTSP header field to the response message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the RTSP header field.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the program selection device is a terminal control device, and the sending, by the program selection device to the media server, the trigger message for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the trigger message carries the content identifier of the target program, comprises:
sending a Play message to the media server, wherein the Play message carries the content identifier of the target program.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the Play message carries the content identifier of the target program in one of the following manners:
manner 1, adding an SDP description to the Play message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the SDP description;
manner 2, adding an RTSP header field to the Play message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the RTSP header field; and
manner 3, adding a parameter to an RTSP URL of the Play message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the parameter.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the content identifier of the target program directly comprises:
skipping an accounting andor authentication process, and accessing an EPG server directly to obtain the content identifier of the target program.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the information indicating that the time-shifted program is played back to the border of the time-shifted program comprises:
information indicating that the time-shifted program is rewound to an opening credits of the time-shifted program, or information indicating that the time-shifted program is played or fast forwarded to a closing credits of the time-shifted program.
8. A program switching method, wherein the method comprises:
sending, by a media server, a notification message to a program selection device, wherein the notification message carries information indicating that a time-shifted program is played back to a border of the time-shifted program, so that the program selection device obtains a content identifier of a target program directly according to the information carried in the notification message;
receiving, by the media server, a message sent by the program selection device, for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the message carries the content identifier of the target program; and transmitting, by the media server, the target program to a terminal device according to the content identifier.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the program selection device is a back-end management device, and the receiving, by the media server, a trigger message sent by the program selection device, for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the trigger message carries the content identifier of the target program, comprises:
receiving, by the media server, a response message returned by the back-end management device, wherein the response message carries the content identifier of the target program.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the response message carries the content identifier of the target program in one of the following manners:
manner 1, adding an SDP description to the response message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the SDP description; and
manner 2, adding an RTSP header field to the response message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the RTSP header field.
11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the program selection device is a terminal control device, and the receiving, by the media server, the trigger message sent by the program selection device, for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the trigger message carries the content identifier of the target program, comprises:
receiving, by the media server, a Play message sent by the terminal device, wherein the Play message carries the content identifier of the target program.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the Play message carries the content identifier of the target program in one of the following manners:
manner 1, adding an SDP description to the Play message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the SDP description;
manner 2, adding an RTSP header field to the Play message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the RTSP header field; and
manner 3, adding a parameter to an RTSP URL of the Play message, and carrying the content identifier of the target program through the parameter.
13. The method according to claim 8, wherein the obtaining the content identifier of the target program directly comprises:
skipping an accounting andor authentication process, and accessing an EPG server directly to obtain the content identifier of the target program.
14. The method according to claim 8, wherein the information indicating that the time-shifted program is played back to the border of the time-shifted program comprises:
information indicating that the time-shifted program is rewound to an opening credits of the time-shifted program, or information indicating that the time-shifted program is played or fast forwarded to a closing credits of the time-shifted program.
15. A program switching apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:
a receiving module, configured to receive a notification message sent by a media server, wherein the notification message carries information indicating that a time-shifted program is played back to a border of the time-shifted program;
an obtaining module, configured to obtain a content identifier of a target program directly according to the information carried in the notification message; and
a triggering module, configured to send to the media server a message for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the message carries the content identifier of the target program, so that the media server transmits the target program to a terminal device according to the content identifier.
16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein: the apparatus is a back-end management device, and the triggering module is specifically configured to return a response message to the media server, wherein the response message carries the content identifier of the target program, so that the media server transmits the target program to the terminal device according to the content identifier; or
the apparatus is a terminal control device, and the triggering module is specifically configured to send a Play message to the media server, wherein the Play message carries the content identifier of the target program, so that the media server transmits the target program to the terminal device according to the content identifier.
17. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the obtaining the content identifier of the target program directly comprises:
skipping an accounting andor authentication process, and accessing an EPG server directly to obtain the content identifier of the target program.
18. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the information indicating that the time-shifted program is played back to the border of the time-shifted program comprises:
information indicating that the time-shifted program is rewound to an opening credits of the time-shifted program, or information indicating that the time-shifted program is played or fast forwarded to a closing credits of the time-shifted program.
19. A media server, wherein the media server comprises:
a first sending module, configured to send a notification message to a program selection device, wherein the notification message carries information indicating that a time-shifted program is played back to a border of the time-shifted program, so that the program selection device obtains a content identifier of a target program directly according to the information carried in the notification message;
a service receiving module, configured to receive a message sent by the program selection device, for triggering the media server to transmit data, wherein the message carries the content identifier of the target program; and
a second sending module, configured to transmit the target program to a terminal device according to the content identifier.
20. The media server according to claim 19, wherein: the program selection device is a back-end management device, and the service receiving module is specifically configured to receive a response message returned by the back-end management device, wherein the response message carries the content identifier of the target program; or the program selection device is a terminal control device, and the service receiving module is specifically configured to receive a Play message sent by the terminal device, wherein the Play message carries the content identifier of the target program.
21. The media server according to claim 19, wherein the obtaining the content identifier of the target program directly comprises:
skipping an accounting andor authentication process, and accessing an EPG server directly to obtain the content identifier of the target program.
22. The media server according to claim 19, wherein the information indicating that the time-shifted program is played back to the border of the time-shifted program comprises:
information indicating that the time-shifted program is rewound to an opening credits of the time-shifted program, or information indicating that the time-shifted program is played or fast forwarded to a closing credits of the time-shifted program.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A bone implant comprising a bioinert substrate that includes a surface having a first portion and a second portion, the first portion containing small ridges, each of which has a width of 10-30 \u03bcm and a height of 10-30 \u03bcm, and the second portion containing large ridges, each of which has a width of 60-100 \u03bcm and a height of 40-80 \u03bcm, wherein the bone implant is configured such that, when it is placed at an implant site in a subject, the second portion is in contact with a bone.
2. The bone implant of claim 1, wherein each of the large ridges has a width of 70-90 \u03bcm and a height of 50-70 \u03bcm.
3. The bone implant of claim 1, wherein each of the small ridges has a width of 15-20 \u03bcm and a height of 15-20 \u03bcm.
4. The bone implant of claim 1, wherein the bioinert substrate is a metal-based substrate.
5. The bone implant of claim 4, wherein the substrate is a titanium alloy-based substrate.
6. The bone implant of claim 4, further comprising a metal oxide layer disposed on the bioinert substrate.
7. The bone implant of claim 6, wherein the second portion is covered with a ceramic layer that contains a plurality of indentations, the indentations occupying 30-70% of the total surface of the ceramic layer.
8. The bone implant of claim 7, wherein the ceramic layer is a hydroxyapetite layer.
9. The bone implant of claim 7, wherein the biopolymer is a collagen-based biopolymer.
10. The bone implant of claim 1, wherein the second portion is covered with a ceramic layer that contains a plurality of indentations, the indentations occupying 30-70% of the total surface of the ceramic layer.
11. The bone implant of claim 10, wherein the indentations occupy 50-60% of the total surface of the ceramic layer.
12. The bone implant of claim 10, wherein the ceramic layer is a hydroxyapetite layer.
13. The bone implant of claim 10, further comprising a biopolymer covalently bonded to the ceramic layer.
14. The bone implant of claim 10, further comprising a bone formation promoter covalently bonded to the ceramic layer.
15. A method of preparing a bone implant, comprising:
obtaining a bioinert substrate that has a surface with a first portion and a second portion, and,
forming on the first portion small ridges, each of which has a width of 10-30 \u03bcm and a height of 10-30 \u03bcm, and on the second portion large ridges, each having a width of 60-100 \u03bcm and a height of 40-80 \u03bcm,

wherein the bone implant is configured such that, when it is placed at an implant site in a subject, the second portion is in contact with a bone.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the bioinert substrate is a metal-based substrate.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the substrate is a titanium alloy-based substrate.
18. The method of claim 16, after the forming step, further comprising oxidizing the surface of the bioinert substrate to form a layer of metal oxides.
19. The method of claim 18, after the oxidizing step, further comprising:
affixing a ceramic layer on the second portion, and
generating a plurality of indentations in the ceramic layer,

wherein the indentations occupy 30-70% of the total surface of the ceramic layer.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the ceramic layer is a hydroxyapetite layer.
21. The method of claim 19, after the generating step, further comprising immobilizing a biopolymer onto the ceramic layer via covalent bonding.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the biopolymer is a collagen-based biopolymer.
23. The method of claim 19, after the generating step, further comprising covalently linking a bone formation promoter to the ceramic layer.