Author: claimsbot

1. An arrangement for selectively viewing and hiding user interface items on a body of a communication apparatus, the arrangement comprising
a light source arranged inside the body and arranged to project light towards a surface of the body such that when the light source is in an on-state, the user interface item is viewed on the surface of the body; and
a polarizing layer arranged with the surface of the body at least where the user interface item is to be viewed, such that the surface there, when the light source is in an off-state and the user interface item is hidden, appears in a primary color of the body.
2. The arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the user interface item is a button.
3. The arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the button is a touch button.
4. The arrangement according to claim 1, further comprising a mask for defining a pattern of the user interface item.
5. The arrangement according to claim 1, wherein light that the light source projects is polarized light arranged in a polarization direction such that the light passes the polarizing layer.
6. The arrangement according to claim 5, wherein the light source comprises a laser diode.
7. A communication apparatus comprising a user interface, wherein the user interface comprises an arrangement for selectively viewing and hiding user interface items on a body of the communication apparatus, the arrangement comprising
a light source arranged inside the body and arranged to project light towards a surface of the body such that when the light source is in an on-state, the user interface item is viewed on the surface of the body; and
a polarizing layer arranged with the surface of the body at least where the user interface item is to be viewed, such that the surface there, when the light source is in an off-state and the user interface item is hidden, appears in a primary color of the body.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the user interface item is a button.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the button is a touch button.
10. The apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a mask for defining a pattern of the user interface item.
11. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein light that the light source projects is polarized light arranged in a polarization direction such that the light passes the polarizing layer.
12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the light source comprises a laser diode.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A liquid crystal display panel, comprising:
a backlight unit, including an optical assembly, for differentiating the liquid crystal display panel into a plurality of blocks and for illuminating light to each of the plurality of blocks;
a location sensor for sensing a location of a user watching the liquid crystal display panel;
a backlight controller for outputting a dimming value corresponding to a brightness of each of the plurality of blocks according to a result of sensing sensed by the location sensor; and
a backlight driver for generating a driving current corresponding to the dimming value of each block and for providing the generated driving current to the backlight unit corresponding to each of the plurality of blocks.
2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the optical assembly comprises:
a plurality of light source units including at least one light emitting device for emitting light;
a light guide panel comprising an incidence surface where light is transmitted from the light source unit, an exit surface emitting the light to the liquid crystal display panel, and a light guide panel facing the exit surface and comprising a rear surface where a plurality of optical patterns are formed; and
an optical sheet disposed on an upper part of the light guide panel and for changing characteristics of the light emitted from the light guide panel.
3. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 2, wherein the optical pattern comprises a micro lens pattern.
4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the backlight controller comprises:
a location determiner for comparing the result of sensing sensed by the location sensor with a reference value and for determining the user’s location;
a leftright side block dimming value control determiner for determining whether or not to control a dimming value of the backlight unit corresponding to a left side or right side block of the liquid crystal display panel according to a result of determination by the location determiner;
a rise current calculator for calculating a rise current of the corresponding block according to a result of determination by the leftright side block dimming value control determiner; and
a final dimming value per block generator for generating a final dimming value of the corresponding backlight unit of each of the plurality of blocks reflecting a value calculated by the rise current calculator.
5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the location sensor comprises an eye tracking sensor for identifying a location of the user’s pupil.
6. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, wherein the location sensor measures an angle between the user’s pupil and the backlight unit using the eye tracking sensor.
7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 4, wherein the reference value comprises first and second reference values, the first reference value being 75\xb0 and the second reference value being 105\xb0.
8. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 4, wherein the rise current calculator calculates a rise current, Iup, of the corresponding block using math formula 1: Iup=(Imax\u2212Inormal)90\xd7(90\u2212\u03b8) and math formula 2: Iup=(Imax\u2212Inormal)90\xd7(\u03b8\u221290);
a maximum current of each block of the liquid crystal display panel being Imax, an average current of the each block being Inormal, and the user’s location being \u03b8.
9. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 8, wherein the rise current calculator calculates the rise current, Iup, using math formula 1 in response to the user being located on a left side of the liquid crystal display panel, and calculates the rise current, Iup, using math formula 2 in response to the user being located on a right side of the liquid crystal display panel.
10. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the backlight controller increases a brightness of each block of the liquid crystal display panel corresponding to an opposite side of the user’s location.
11. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the backlight controller increases brightness of all of the blocks of the liquid crystal display panel in response to the user watching the liquid crystal display panel from one of a left side and a right side.
12. A method for driving a liquid crystal display panel, the method comprising the steps of:
differentiating the liquid crystal display panel into a plurality of blocks;
sensing a location of a user watching the liquid crystal display panel;
outputting a dimming value of each block corresponding to a brightness of each of the plurality of blocks according to a result of the sensing step;
generating a backlight driving current corresponding to the dimming value of each block; and
generating light according to the backlight driving current and providing the generated light to the liquid crystal display panel.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the step of sensing the location of the user comprises identifying a location of the user’s pupil and measuring an angle between the user’s pupil and the liquid crystal display panel.
14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the step of outputting the dimming value of each block comprises:
comparing a result of sensing the location of the user with a reference value and determining the location of the user according to a result of the comparing;
determining whether or not to control dimming of a backlight unit corresponding to a left side or right side block of the liquid crystal display panel according to a result of the determination;
calculating a rise current of the corresponding block according to a result of the determination as to whether or not to control dimming; and
creating a final dimming value corresponding to each of the plurality of blocks reflecting the calculated rise current value therein.
15. The method according to claim 15, wherein the reference value comprises first and second reference values, the first reference value being 75\xb0 and the second reference value being 105\xb0.

1. A process for preparing a 5-aryl thianthrenium salt, said process comprising, in the presence of Eaton’s reagent, combining thianthrene-5-oxide with an aromatic compound of formula Ar1AH to form a methanesulfonate salt of a 5-aryl-thianthrenium ion of formula IA
wherein Ar1A is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, polycyclic aryl, aryl pendant from a polymer chain or heteroaryl pendant from a polymer chain.
2. A process according claim 1, additionally comprising combining the methanesulfonate salt of the 5-aryl-thianthrenium ion with an alkaline or alkaline earth salt containing an MtXn\u2212 anion, to form an MtXn\u2212 salt of a 5-aryl-thianthrenium ion of formula IA.
3. A process according to claim 2, additionally comprising preparing thianthrenium-5-oxide by oxidation of thianthrene.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein thianthrene is oxidized by dilute nitric acid.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A system, comprising:
a processor; and
a memory containing a program that, when executed by the processor, performs an operation for load balancing between DHCP servers at a DHCP client, comprising:
receiving, at the DHCP client, a respective DHCPOFFER message from each of two or more DHCP servers, wherein each of the DHCPOFFER messages includes (i) an IP address offer and (ii) load information comprising a plurality of load characteristics describing a current workload of the respective DHCP server, and wherein at least two of the two or more DHCP servers are located on different subnets with respect to one another;
associating a respective weight value with each of the different subnets on which the DHCP servers are located;
selecting, at the DHCP client, one of the two or more DHCP servers to accept an offer for an IP address from, based on the received load information, comprising:
retrieving a weight associated with each of the plurality of load characteristics;
calculating a load value for each of the two or more DHCP servers by applying the retrieved weight to each of the plurality of load characteristics for the respective DHCP server, and based on the associated weight value for the subnet in which the respective DHCP server is located; and
selecting the DHCP server with the least amount of load based on the calculated load values; and

transmitting a DHCPREQUEST message, from the DHCP client, to the selected DHCP server, to accept the IP address offer from the selected DHCP server.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the load information specifies at least one of (i) a percentage of IP available addresses that the respective DHCP server has leased and (ii) a total number of available IP addresses and a leased number of IP addresses.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the load information specifies one or more workload characteristics of a computer system on which the DHCP server is located, wherein the one or more workload characters include at least one of a CPU load of the computer system, historical CPU load of the computer system, network load of the computer system, historical network load of the computer system, and a response time of the computer system.
4. The system of claim 1, the operation further comprising:
identifying a plurality of DHCP servers capable of leasing an IP address to the DHCP client, wherein the plurality of DHCP servers includes the two or more DHCP servers;
transmitting a request for an IP address to each of the identified plurality of DHCP servers; and
receiving the respective DHCPOFFER messages from the two or more DHCP servers, wherein the two or more DHCP servers are the DHCP servers within the plurality of DHCP servers that responded to the transmitted requested within a predefined period of time.
5. The system of claim 1, the operation further comprising:
associating a respective weight value with each of the two or more DHCP servers, and
wherein the calculated load value for each of the two or more DHCP servers is further based on the associated weight value for the respective DHCP server.
6. The system of claim 1, the operation further comprising:
associating a respective affinity value with each of the two or more DHCP servers,
wherein the calculated load value for each of the two or more DHCP servers is further based on the affinity value associated with the DHCP server matching a preconfigured affinity value for the DHCP client.
7. A computer program product for load balancing between DHCP servers at a DHCP client, comprising:
a non-transitory computer-readable medium containing computer readable program code embodied therewith, the computer readable program code comprising:
computer code to receive, at the DHCP client, a respective DHCPOFFER message from each of two or more DHCP servers, wherein each of the DHCPOFFER messages includes (i) an IP address offer and (ii) load information comprising a plurality of load characteristics describing a current workload of the respective DHCP server, and wherein at least two of the two or more DHCP servers are located on different subnets with respect to one another;
computer code to associate a respective weight value with each of the different subnets on which the DHCP servers are located;
computer code to select, at the DHCP client, one of the two or more DHCP servers to accept an offer for an IP address from, based on the received load information, comprising computer code to:
retrieve a weight associated with each of the plurality of load characteristics;
calculate a load value for each of the two or more DHCP servers by applying the retrieved weight to each of the plurality of load characteristics for the respective DHCP server, and based on the associated weight value for the subnet in which the respective DHCP server is located; and
select the DHCP server with the least amount of load based on the calculated load values; and

computer code to transmit a DHCPREQUEST message, from the DHCP client, to the selected DHCP server, to accept the IP address offer from the selected DHCP server.
8. The computer program product of claim 7, wherein the load information specifies at least one of (i) a percentage of IP available addresses that the respective DHCP server has leased and (ii) a total number of available IP addresses and a leased number of IP addresses.
9. The computer program product of claim 7, wherein the load information specifies one or more workload characteristics of a computer system on which the DHCP server is located, wherein the one or more workload characters include at least one of a CPU load of the computer system, historical CPU load of the computer system, network load of the computer system, historical network load of the computer system, and a response time of the computer system.
10. The computer program product of claim 7, the computer readable program code further comprising:
computer readable program code to identify a plurality of DHCP servers capable of leasing an IP address to the DHCP client, wherein the plurality of DHCP servers includes the two or more DHCP servers;
computer readable program code to transmit a request for an IP address to each of the identified plurality of DHCP servers; and
computer readable program code to receive the respective DHCPOFFER messages from the two or more DHCP servers, wherein the two or more DHCP servers are the DHCP servers within the plurality of DHCP servers that responded to the transmitted requested within a predefined period of time.
11. The computer program product of claim 7, the computer readable program code further comprising:
associating a respective weight value with each of the two or more DHCP servers, and
wherein the calculated load value for each of the two or more DHCP servers is further based on the associated weight value for the respective DHCP server.
12. The computer program product of claim 7, the computer readable program code further comprising:
computer readable program code to associate a respective affinity value with each of the two or more DHCP servers,
wherein the calculated load value for each of the two or more DHCP servers is further based on the affinity value associated with the DHCP server matching a preconfigured affinity value for the DHCP client.