Author: claimsbot

1. A contactless communication system, comprising a plurality of data carriers, and an access device for accessing said data carriers, wherein
each of said data carriers detects a response requesting command from said access device and sends back an individual response signal for one-bit information at a time ordered based on a portion of its identification information of said data carrier, and
said access device monitors individual slots of said response signals and determines that detection of the presence of data carriers is completed when the access device has obtained individual signals from said data carriers.
2. A data carrier for use in a contactless communication system, wherein
a response requesting command from an access device is detected and an individual signal for one-bit information at a time ordered based on a portion of the data carrier’s identification information is transmitted.
3. The contactless communication system according to claim 1, wherein
said access device monitors individual slots of said response signals and determines that detection of the presence of data carriers is completed when the access device has obtained individual signals from said plurality of data carriers, transmits a response halt request added with a new identification number that is generated based on information on a slot time for a response to a data carrier whose presence has been detected, and transmits the response request again to a data carrier whose presence has not yet been detected, and
said data carriers detect said response halt request and store said identification number.
4. The data carrier for use in a contactless communication system according to claim 3, wherein
said data carrier detects a response requesting command from an access device and transmits an individual signal for one-bit information at a time ordered based on a portion of identification information of said data carrier, and detects a response halt request added with a new identification number that is transmitted by said access device to a data carrier whose presence has been recognized with the individual signal and stores said new identification number.
5. A communication method for a contactless communication system, wherein an access device identifies and communicates with a plurality of data carriers in a communication area, comprising:
detecting a response requesting command from said access device in each of said data carriers and sending back to said access devices an individual response signal for one-bit information at a time ordered based on a portion of its identification information of said data carriers; and
monitoring individual slots of said response signals at said access device and determining that detection of the presence of data carriers is completed when the access device has obtained individual signals from each of said plurality of data carriers.
6. The communication method for a contactless communication system according to claim 5, wherein
said access device transmits a response halt request that is added with a new identification number generated based on information on slot time for a response to a data carrier whose presence has been detected, and transmits said response request again to a data carrier whose presence has not been detected, and
each of said data carriers detects said response halt request and stores said identification number.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for detecting leaks in an aircraft wing, the method comprising:
(i) Providing an aircraft wing having at one end a wing tip and at the other end a wing root, the wing tip defining an outboard position and the wing root defining an inboard position, and at least one rib disposed between the wing root and wing tip, there being a rib closest to the wing root;
(ii) Forming a gas-tight seal inboard of the rib closest to the wing root;
(iii) Introducing a gas into the aircraft wing; and
(iv) Sensing for leaks in the aircraft wing.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the step of introducing a gas into the aircraft wing causes the formation of a gas-tight seal.
3. A method according to claim 1 comprising forming a seal against one or more wing skins andor against one or more spars.
4. A method according to claim 3 comprising forming a seal against an inner andor outer surface of an upper wing skin and forming a seal against an inner andor outer surface of a lower wing skin.
5. A method according to claim 3 comprising forming a seal against an inner andor outer surface of a first spar and forming a seal against an inner andor outer surface of a second spar.
6. A method according to claim 1 comprising forming a seal on an outer surface of the wing (but not on the corresponding inner surface of the wing) at a first site on the wing and forming a seal on an inner surface of the wing (but not on the corresponding outer surface of the wing) at a second site on the wing.
7. A method according to claim 1 comprising forming a seal on an outer surface of the wing and on the corresponding inner surface of the wing at a first site on the wing and optionally the end of the wing, and forming a seal on one of the inner and outer surfaces of the wing (but not on the corresponding other of the inner and outer surfaces of the wing) at a second site on the wing.
8. A method according to claim 1 comprising forming a seal on an outer surface of the wing and on the corresponding inner surface of the wing at a first site on the wing and optionally the end of the wing, and forming a seal on the inner surface of the wing (but not on the corresponding outer surface) at a second site on the wing, and forming a seal on the outer surface of the wing (but not on the corresponding inner surface of the wing) at a third site on the wing.
9. A method according to claim 1 comprising forming a seal only on the inner surface and optionally the end surface of the wing (there being substantially no seal formed on the outer surface of the wing).
10. A method according claim 1 comprising forming a seal only on the outer surface and optionally the end surface of the wing (there being substantially no seal on the inner surface of the wing).
11. A method according to claim 1 comprising forming a seal only on the end surface of the wing (there being substantially no seal on the inner or outer surface of the wing).
12. A method according to claim 1 wherein a seal is formed on an inner surface of the wing, the method comprising providing an abutment surface for contacting an outer surface of the wing, the abutment surface, in use, contacting an outer surface of the wing as a result of the seal being formed on the inner surface.
13. A method according to claim 1 comprising providing a sealing surface and bringing said sealing surface and a surface of the wing into contact with one another so as to form a seal.
14. A method according to claim 13 comprising providing a sealing surface and urging said sealing surface into contact with a surface of the wing.
15. A method according to claim 14 wherein urging said sealing surface into contact with a surface of the wing may be performed by providing gas.
16. A method according to claim 14 wherein the step of forming a seal may comprise providing a seal member providing at least one sealing surface and a gas inlet for the introduction of gas for moving the at least one sealing surface into contact with a surface of the wing.
17. A method according to claim 16 comprising providing a substantially rigid seal member support for supporting the seal member, the seal member support and seal member providing a gas-tight region for the introduction of gas.
18. A method according to claim 14, a seal being formed with an outer surface of the wing using an inflatable chamber.
19. A method according to claim 14, a seal being formed with an inner surface of the wing using an inflatable chamber.
20. A method according to claim 14, a seal being formed with an inner surface of the wing and with an outer surface of the wing using one or more inflatable chambers.
21. A method according to claim 14, a seal being formed with an end surface of the wing using an inflatable chamber.
22. A method according to claim 14 comprising providing a sealing surface and a means of urging the sealing surface into contact with a surface of the wing, and operating the means for urging the sealing surface into contact with a surface of the wing.
23. A method according to claim 22 comprising providing an abutment surface in proximity to a surface of the wing, and operating the means for urging the sealing surface into contact with a surface of the wing urges another surface of the wing into contact with the abutment surface.
24. A method according to claim 22 wherein the sealing surface and the means for urging the sealing surface into contact with a surface of the aircraft are provided by a wing sealing assembly.
25. A method according to claim 24 comprising bringing together the wing sealing assembly and the wing, and securing the wing sealing assembly and wing together.
26. A method according to claim 25 wherein the bringing together of the wing sealing assembly and the wing is performed using one or more of a robot, a gimbal mount, a hexapod and a pulley.
27. A method according to claim 25 wherein the securing of the wing and wing sealing assembly is performed using one or more of a robot, a hexapod, a fixed and immovable support, and a vacuum.
28. A method according to claim 25 wherein sensing leaks in the aircraft wing comprises one or more of sensing gas pressure within the wing, sensing gas flow within the wing, sensing gas flow external to the wing (but typically adjacent to the wing) and sensing for the presence of said gas external to the wing.
29. A method according to claim 28 wherein sensing for leaks comprises using one or more mobile detectors or sensors.
30. A method according to claim 28 wherein sensing for leaks comprises using one or more static detectors or sensors.
31. A wing sealing assembly for forming a seal at the wing root of a wing, the assembly comprising a first seal member comprising a first sealing surface for sealing against a surface of the wing, the first sealing surface being movable between a sealing position and a non-sealing position, the first sealing surface being movable from the non-sealing position to the sealing position by gas.
32. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 31 comprising an abutment surface for contacting a surface of the wing on urging the first sealing surface into the sealing position.
33. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 31 comprising a support for the seal member, the support for the seal member and the seal member defining a gas-tight region into which gas may be introduced or from which gas may be removed.
34. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 33, wherein the support is in the form of a shell, the first seal member being located within the shell.
35. A wind sealing assembly according to claim 34, wherein the shell defines an aperture for the receipt of the inboard part of an aircraft wing.
36. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 31, the first sealing surface being arranged for forming a seal against the inner or outer surface of a wing.
37. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 31 comprising a second sealing surface for sealing against a surface of the wing.
38. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 37 wherein the second sealing surface is arranged for sealing against the other of the outer or inner surface of the wing not sealed against by the first sealing surface.
39. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 37 wherein the second sealing surface may be arranged to be urged into engagement with a surface of the wing by gas.
40. A wing sealing assembly according to claim 37 wherein the first sealing surface is arranged to form a seal at a first part of the wing, and the second sealing surface is arranged to form a seal at a different part of the wing andor the same part of the wing.
41. An apparatus for detecting leaks in an aircraft wing, the apparatus comprising a wing sealing assembly according to claim 31 and at least one sensor for sensing leakage of gas from an aircraft wing.

1. A method, in a data processing system, for classifying media data, comprising:
responsive to receiving input media data, classifying the input media data for later access based on classification;
applying a plurality of classifiers in a hierarchical classification structure to the input media data;
generating confidence scores for the plurality of classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure;
modifying a confidence score automatically for a classifier in the hierarchical classification structure based on a relationship between the classifier and other classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure and the confidence scores of the other classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure by applying a confusion factor to the confidence score based on a correspondence between the confidence score and confidence scores of mutually exclusive classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure;
generating a representation of the input media data based on the modified confidence score being higher than a predetermined threshold confidence score; and
storing the generated representation of the input media data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the confidence score automatically for a classifier includes boosting the confidence score using a boosting factor determined based on a correspondence between the confidence score and confidence scores of ancestor classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the boosting factor is determined as a function of a difference between the confidence score of the classifier and confidence scores of each ancestor classifier in the hierarchical classification structure.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a representation of the input media data includes generating an index data structure based on the modified confidence score.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
using the stored representation of the input media data to access the input media data.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein using the stored representation of the input media data to access the input media data includes:
receiving a search query;
determining if terms in the search query match terms in the stored representation of the input media data; and
accessing the input media data if the terms in the search query match terms in the stored representation of the input media data.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the confusion factor is defined as a reciprocal of a difference between the confidence score of the classifier and a maximum confidence score from mutually exclusive classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the confusion factor is a probability of misclassifying the input media data into a classifier in the plurality of classifiers.
9. A computer program product in a recordable-type computer readable medium for classifying media data, comprising:
first instructions for classifying input media data for later access based on classification in response to receiving the input media data;
second instructions for applying a plurality of classifiers in a hierarchical classification structure to the input media data;
third instructions for generating confidence scores for the plurality of classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure;
fourth instructions for modifying a confidence score automatically for a classifier in the hierarchical classification structure based on a relationship between the classifier and other classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure and the confidence scores of the other classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure by applying a confusion factor to the confidence score based on a correspondence between the confidence score and confidence scores of mutually exclusive classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure;
fifth instructions for generating a representation of the input media data based on the modified confidence score being higher than a predetermined threshold confidence score; and
sixth instruction for storing the generated representation of the input media data.
10. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the fourth instructions for modifying the confidence score automatically for a classifier include instructions for boosting the confidence score using a boosting factor determined based on a correspondence between the confidence score and confidence scores of ancestor classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure.
11. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the boosting factor is determined as a function of a difference between the confidence score of the classifier and confidence scores of each ancestor classifier in the hierarchical classification structure.
12. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the fifth instructions for generating a representation of the input media data include instructions for generating an index data structure based on the modified confidence score.
13. The computer program product of claim 9, further comprising:
seventh instructions for using the stored representation of the input media data to access the input media data.
14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the seventh instructions for using the stored representation of the input media data to access the input media data includes:
instructions for receiving a search query;
instructions for determining if terms in the search query match terms in the stored representation of the input media data; and
instructions for accessing the input media data if the terms in the search query match terms in the stored representation of the input media data.
15. An apparatus for classifying media data, comprising:
means for classifying input media data for later access based on classification in response to receiving the input media data;
means for applying a plurality of classifiers in a hierarchical classification structure to the input media data;
means for generating confidence scores for the plurality of classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure;
means for modifying a confidence score automatically for a classifier in the hierarchical classification structure based on a relationship between the classifier and other classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure and the confidence scores of the other classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure by applying a confusion factor to the confidence score based on a correspondence between the confidence score and confidence scores of mutually exclusive classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure;
means for generating a representation of the input media data based on the modified confidence score being higher than a predetermined threshold confidence score; and
means for storing the generated representation of the input media data in a storage medium.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the means for modifying the confidence score automatically for a classifier includes means for boosting the confidence score using a boosting factor determined based on a correspondence between the confidence score and confidence scores of ancestor classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the boosting factor is determined as a function of a difference between the confidence score of the classifier and confidence scores of each ancestor classifier in the hierarchical classification structure, and wherein the confusion factor is determined as a function of a difference between the confidence score of the classifier and a maximum confidence score from mutually exclusive classifiers in the hierarchical classification structure.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A guide device comprising:
a polymer andor plastic tube comprised of a polysiloxane and including a continuous opening;
a cable inserted into the continuous opening and which is moveable in the continuous opening; and
a coating provided on an outer surface of the cable andor an inner surface of the continuous opening, wherein the coating is comprised mainly of particles that are substantially spherical or cylindrical and can move freely at least on a particular surface of the cable or continuous opening.
2. The guide device according to claim 1, wherein the particles of the coating cannot be crushed andor degraded.
3. The guide device according to claim 1, wherein the particles have a mean diameter that is greater than or equal to 20 \u03bcm.
4. The guide device according to claim 1, wherein the particles have a mean diameter that is greater than or equal to 20 \u03bcm and not greater than 60 \u03bcm.
5. The guide device according to claim 1, wherein the particles have a mean diameter that is approximately 50 \u03bcm.
6. The guide device according to claim 1, wherein the particles are made of corundum, silica sand, polyamide, polyimide, Tetrafluoroethylene andor Polytetrafluoroethylene.
7. The guide device according to claim 1, wherein the particles form a rolling coating wherein the particles roll on at least the particular surface of the cable or continuous opening when relative motion occurs between the cable and the tube.
8. The guide device according to claim 1, wherein the particles are irregularly spaced on the outer surface of the cable andor the inner surface of the continuous opening such that they do not completely cover the particular surface of the cable or continuous opening.
9. A medical device comprising a catheter or implantable electrode lead, comprising a guide device according to claim 1.