All The Claims

1. A data card reader, comprising:
a card receiving assembly for receiving a data card;
an electrical connector for electrically coupling the data card to the circuit boat; and
a support assembly for mounting the card receiving assembly to a circuit board, the support assembly including at least one post far extending between the card receiving assembly and the circuit board for supporting the card receiving assembly, the at least one post including a first standoff cost and a second standoftpost, the second standoff post being widened with respect to the first standoff post for strengthenint the mounting of the card receiving assembly near the electrical connector to absorb stresses caused by insertion and removal of a data card in the card receiving assembly,
wherein the support assembly spaces the card receiving assembly away from the circuit board for allowing a component to be mounted to the circuit board beneath the card receiving assembly.
2. The data card reader as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a ground for grounding the data card reader.
3. The data card reader as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ground comprises a spring contact extending from the card receiving assembly to the circuit board.
4. The data card reader as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a shield far shielding the data card received in the card receiving assembly from components mounted to the circuit board beneath the card receiving assembly.
5. The data card reader as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a ground for grounding the card receiving assembly to the shield.
6. The data card reader as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ground comprises a spring contact extending from the card receiving assembly to the shield.
7. The data card reader as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a holder for holding a data card received in the card receiving assembly.
8. The data card reader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data card comprises one of a SIM card and an UIM card.
9. A circuit board assembly, comprising:
a circuit board; and
a data card reader mounted to the circuit board, the data card reader including a card receiving assembly for receiving a data card, an electrical connector for electrically coupling the data card to the circuit board, and a support assembly including at least one post extending between the card receiving assembly and the circuit board for mounting the card receiving assembly to the circuit board, the at least one post including a first standoff post and a second standoff post, the second standoff post being widened with respect to the first standoff post for strengthening the mounting of the card receiving assembly near the electrical connector to absorb stresses caused by insertion and removal of a data card in the card receiving assembly,
wherein the support assembly spaces the card receiving assembly away from the circuit board for allowing a component to be mounted to the circuit board beneath the card receiving assembly.
10. The circuit board assembly as claimed in claim 9, wherein the data card reader further includes a ground for grounding the data card reader.
11. The circuit board assembly as claimed in claim 10, wherein the ground comprises a spring contact extending from the card receiving assembly to the circuit board.
12. The circuit board assembly as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a shield for shielding the data card received in the card receiving assembly from a component mounted to the circuit board beneath the card receiving assembly.
13. The circuit board assembly as claimed in claim 12, wherein the data card reader further includes a ground for grounding the card receiving assembly to the shield.
14. The circuit board assembly as claimed in claim 13, wherein the ground comprises a spring contact extending from the card receiving assembly to the shield.
15. The circuit board assembly as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a holder for holding a data card received in the card receiving assembly.
16. The circuit board assembly as claimed as claim 9, wherein the data card comprises one of a SIM card and an UIM card.
17. A mobile telephone, comprising:
a circuit board; and
a data card reader mounted to the circuit board, the data card reader including a card receiving assembly for receiving a data card, an electrical connector for electrically coupling the data card to the circuit board, and a post assembly for coupling the card receiving assembly to the circuit board, the post assembly including a first standoff post and a second standoff post, the second standoff post being widened with respect to the first standoff post for strengthening the mounting of the card receiving assembly near the electrical connector to absorb stresses caused by insertion and removal of a data card in the card receiving assembly,
wherein the post assembly spaces the card receiving assembly away from the circuit board for allowing a component to be mounted to the circuit board beneath the card receiving assembly.
18. The mobile telephone as claimed in claim 17, wherein the data card reader further includes a pound for grounding the data card reader.
19. The mobile telephone as claimed in claim 18, wherein the ground comprises a spring contact extending from the card receiving assembly to the circuit board.
20. The mobile telephone as claimed in claim 17, further comprising a shield for shielding the data card received in the card receiving assembly from components mounted to the circuit board beneath the card receiving assembly.
21. The mobile telephone as claimed in claim 20, wherein the data card reader further includes a ground for grounding the card receiving assembly to the shield.
22. The mobile telephone as claimed in claim 21, wherein the pound comprices a spring contact extending from the card receiving assembly to the shield.
23. The mobile telephone as claimed in claim 17, wherein the support assembly comprises at least one post extending between the card receiving assembly and the circuit board.
24. The mobile telephone as claimed in claim 17, further comprising a holder for holding a data card received in the card receiving assembly.
25. The mobile telephone as claimed as claim 17, wherein the data card comprises one of a SIM card and an UIM card.
26. A data card reader, comprising:
means for receiving a data card;
means for electrically coupling the data card to the circuit board; and
means for mounting the data card receiving means to a circuit board, the mounting means including at least one post for extending between the card receiving assembly and the circuit board for supporting the card receiving assembly, the at least one post including a first standoff post and a second standoff post, the second standoff post beina widened with respect to the first standoff post for strengthening the mounting of the card receiving assembly near the electrical connector to absorb stresses caused by insertion and removal of a data card in the card receiving assembly,
wherein the mounting means spaces the data card receiving means away from the circuit board for allowing a component to be mounted to the circuit board beneath the data card receiving means.
27. The data card reader as claimed in claim 26, further comprising means for shielding the data card from components mounted to the circuit board beneath the data card receiving means.
28. The data card reader as claimed in claim 26, further comprising means for grounding the data card to the circuit board.
29. The data card reader as claimed in claim 26, further comprising means for holding the data card received in the data card receiving means.
30. The data card reader as claimed as claim 26, wherein the data card comprises one of a SIM card and an UIM card.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device including GaN (gallium nitride) that composes a semiconductor layer, the method comprising:
forming a first nitride layer on a substrate;
forming a second nitride layer on the first nitride layer;
forming a field oxide layer on the second nitride layer;
forming a gate insulating film in which an Al2O3 film is formed to penetrate the field oxide layer, the first nitride layer, and the second nitride layer, the Al2O3 film is subject to radical oxidation, and
then a SiO2 film is formed by using microwave plasma, the SiO2 film penetrating the field oxide layer and the second nitride layer only, and the SiO2 film located between the Al2O3 film and a gate electrode, wherein
the gate electrode is at least partially located in an opening of the SiO2 film of the gate insulating film, and
in the forming the gate insulating film, the microwave plasma is generated by using microwaves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz by using a radial line slot antenna.
2. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the forming the gate insulating film includes a plasma-enhanced CVD process using microwave plasma.
3. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the forming the gate insulating film includes a plasma-enhanced ALD process using microwave plasma.
4. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the forming the gate insulating film includes forming a film in which the SiO2 film and the Al2O3 film are stacked.
5. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 4, wherein the forming the gate insulating film includes forming the Al2O3 film by a thermal ALD process and forming the SiO2 film by a plasma-enhanced CVD process.
6. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the forming the gate insulating film includes forming the SiO2 film to form the gate insulating film and includes forming the SiO2 film by both plasma-enhanced CVD and plasma-enhanced ALD processes.
7. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the forming the gate insulating film includes introducing gas containing nitrogen oxides (NOx) for processing.
8. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the plasma-enhanced ALD process includes introducing deposition gas containing BTBAS (bis-tertiaryl-buthyl-amino-silane) onto the nitride layer.
9. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the forming the gate insulating film includes successively performing the plasma-enhanced ALD and plasma-enhanced CVD processes.
10. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first nitride layer and the second nitride layer have a heterojunction.
11. The method for fabricating the semiconductor device according to claim 10, wherein the forming the first nitride layer and the second nitride layer includes forming a nitride layer composed of at least one of a GaN layer and an AlGaN (aluminum gallium nitride) layer.

1. A refining method for scrap silicon using an electron beam comprising:
(a) a step of selectively preparing lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing a specific impurity element as a dopant;
(b) a step of crushing the prepared lumps of scrap silicon;
(c) a step of placing the crushed silicon into a vacuum vessel;
(d) a step of irradiating the crushed silicon which was placed into the vacuum vessel with an electron beam to melt it and vaporize at least a portion of the impurity element, and
(e) a step of solidifying the resulting molten silicon.
2. A refining method for scrap silicon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impurity element is phosphorous, arsenic, or antimony.
3. A refining method for scrap silicon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of selectively preparing lumps of scrap silicon comprises a step of purchasing lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing the specific impurity element as a dopant, a step of measuring the electrical resistivity of the purchased lumps of scrap silicon, a step of determining whether the purchased lumps of scrap silicon contain the specific impurity element as a dopant based on the measured electrical resistivity, and a step of not employing the purchased lumps of scrap silicon when they are not lumps of scrap silicon containing the specific impurity element as a dopant.
4. A refining method for scrap silicon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of selectively preparing lumps of scrap silicon comprises a step of purchasing lumps of scrap silicon, a step of measuring the electrical resistivity of the purchased lumps of scrap silicon, and a step of selecting from the purchased lumps of scrap silicon lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing the specific impurity element as a dopant based on the measured electrical resistivity.
5. A refining method for scrap silicon as claimed in claim 1, including a step of measuring the electrical resistivity of the silicon lumps obtained in the solidification step and ascertaining whether the lumps of scrap silicon used in refining were lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing the impurity element as a dopant based on the measured electrical resistivity.
6. A refining method for scrap silicon using an electron beam, comprising:
(a) a step of selectively preparing lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing a specific impurity element as a dopant;
(b) a step of crushing the prepared lumps of scrap silicon to obtain granular silicon;
(c) a step of placing the granular silicon into a holding portion provided in a vacuum vessel;
(d) a step of supplying a portion of the granular silicon in the holding portion to a hearth disposed in the vacuum vessel, irradiating the granular silicon in the hearth with an electron beam to melt it, and obtaining molten silicon from which at least a portion of the specific impurity element has been vaporized;
(e) a step of transferring the molten silicon to a crucible disposed in the vacuum vessel;
(f) a step of repeating steps (d) and (e) a prescribed number of times; and
(g) a step of solidifying the molten silicon in the crucible.
7. A refining method for scrap silicon as claimed in claim 6 wherein the impurity element is phosphorous, arsenic, or antimony.
8. A refining method for scrap silicon as claimed in claim 6 wherein the step of selectively preparing lumps of scrap silicon comprises a step of purchasing lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing the specific impurity element as a dopant, a step of measuring the electrical resistivity of the purchased lumps of scrap silicon, a step of determining whether the purchased lumps of scrap silicon contain the specific impurity element as a dopant based on the measured electrical resistivity, and a step of not employing the purchased lumps of scrap silicon when they are not lumps of scrap silicon containing the specific impurity element as a dopant.
9. A refining method for scrap silicon as claimed in claim 6 wherein the step of selectively preparing lumps of scrap silicon comprises a step of purchasing lumps of scrap silicon, a step of measuring the electrical resistivity of the purchased lumps of scrap silicon, and a step of selecting from the purchased lumps of scrap silicon lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing the specific impurity element as a dopant based on the measured electrical resistivity.
10. A method of refining scrap silicon as claimed in claim 6, including a step of measuring the electrical resistivity of the silicon lumps obtained in the solidification step and ascertaining whether the lumps of scrap silicon used in refining were lumps of n-type scrap silicon containing the impurity element as a dopant based on the measured electrical resistivity.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A system for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, the system comprising:
a) a component for creating a first message portion, said first message portion including instructions for transmission medium conversion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
b) a component for creating a second message portion associated with said first message portion, said second message portion having a message body, said message body having an email attachment in computer readable code such that said message body of said second message portion is reformattable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
c) a component for converting, if necessary, said instructions of said first message portion into computer readable code, and for converting, if necessary, said message body of said second message portion into computer readable code; and
d) a component for reformatting said message body of said second message portion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion.
2. The system of claim 1 further comprising in said message XML-defined mail merge tags and a list of addressees that together comprise a mail merged message package.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein said message is received by at least one of an independent site on the Internet, a series of linked sites at different points on a LAN, WAN, or internet, and an internal site on a LAN or WAN.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said message has an addressee, said addressee identified with a unique id that is at least one of an email address, a postal address, a telephone number, a fax number, and a personal or institutional id within a private or public system, an enterprise or institution.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein:
said first message portion includes
a) user-required elements that designate parties to said message, provide a unique identifier of a message recipient, provide presentation features of said second message portion, and provide payment arrangements;
b) user-optional elements that modify presentation of the name of said recipient, modify presentation of said second message portion, support multiple mail merge features, elect document security standards and specify confirmation of delivery requirements; and
c) system-generated elements that provide unique message identifiers, provide technical specifications of an incoming message and provide technical specifications of an outgoing message; and

said second message portion utilizes computer mark-up language start-tag and end-tag markers.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein said message body of said second message portion is reformatted from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion, said system further comprising:
a) an email component to receive said message and to direct said message without intervention to a unique buffer for each of a plurality of said messages;
b) a browser component to open said message in said buffer; and
c) a component using a higher order (macro) language to read said first message portion of said message in said buffer and to store said instructions from said first message portion as variables, wherein said browser opens at least some email attachments in said second message portion in separate windows, said component using a higher order (macro) language passes format variables from said first message portion to software instructions that reformats said second message portion and displays in separate windows all versions of said second message portion after reformatting, and said component using a higher order (macro) language sends sequentially all of said versions of said second message portion that have been reformatted from said windows to designated output devices.
7. A method for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, the method comprising:
a) creating a first message portion, said first message portion including instructions for transmission medium conversion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
b) creating a second message portion associated with said first message portion, said second message portion having a message body, said message body having an email attachment in computer readable code such that said message body of said second message portion is reformattable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
c) a component for converting, if necessary, said instructions of said first message portion into computer readable code, and for converting, if necessary, said message body of said second message portion into computer readable code; and
d) reformatting said message body of said second message portion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion.
8. The method of claim 7 further comprising in said message XML-defined mail merge tags and a list of addressees that together comprise a mail merged message package.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein said message is received by at least one of an independent site on the Internet, a series of linked sites at different points on a LAN, WAN, or internet, and an internal site on a LAN or WAN.
10. The method of claim 7 wherein said message has an addressee, said addressee identified with a unique id that is at least one of an email address, a postal address, a telephone number, a fax number, a frequent flyer number, and a personnel id number within a given enterprise or institution.
11. The method of claim 7 wherein:
said first message portion includes
d) user-required elements that designate parties to said message, provide a unique identifier of a message recipient, provide presentation features of said second message portion, and provide payment arrangements;
e) user-optional elements that modify presentation of the name of said recipient, modify presentation of said second message portion, support multiple mail merge features, elect document security standards and specify confirmation of delivery requirements; and
f) system-generated elements that provide unique message identifiers, provide technical specifications of an incoming message and provide technical specifications of an outgoing message; and

said second message portion utilizes computer mark-up language start-tag and end-tag markers.
12. The method of claim 7 wherein said message body of said second message portion is reformatted from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion, said method further comprising:
a) using an email component to receive said message and to direct said message without intervention to a unique buffer for each of a plurality of said messages;
b) using a browser component to open said message in said buffer; and
c) using a component using a higher order (macro) language to read said first message portion of said message in said buffer and to store said instructions from said first message portion as variables, wherein said browser opens at least some email attachments in said second message portion in separate windows, said component using a higher order (macro) language passes format variables from said first message portion to software instructions that reformats said second message portion and displays in separate windows all versions of said second message portion after reformatting, and said component using a higher order (macro) language sends sequentially all of said versions of said second message portion that have been reformatted from said windows to designated output devices.
13. In a system for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, a message comprising:
a) a first message portion, said first message portion including instructions for transmission medium conversion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
b) a second message portion associated with said first message portion, said second message portion having a message body, said message body having an email attachment in computer readable code such that said message body of said second message portion is reformattable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
c) a component for converting, if necessary, said instructions of said first message portion into computer readable code, and for converting, if necessary, said message body of said second message portion into computer readable code; and
d) said message body of said second message portion being reformatted from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion.
14. The message of claim 13 further comprising in said message XML-defined mail merge tags and a list of addressees that together comprise a mail merged message package.
15. The message of claim 13 wherein said message is received by at least one of an independent site on the Internet, a series of linked sites at different points on a LAN, WAN, or internet, and an internal site on a LAN or WAN.
16. The message of claim 13 wherein said message has an addressee, said addressee identified with a unique id that is at least one of an email address, a postal address, a telephone number, a fax number, a frequent flyer number, and a personnel id number within a given enterprise or institution.
17. In a system for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, a financial management system comprising:
a) a component for calculating in substantially real time message transmission charges;
b) a component for generating in substantially real time invoices for at least said transmission charges;
c) a component for allocating to at least transmission operators in substantially real time respective shares of said transmission charges; and
d) a component for periodic settlement of said substantially real time invoices between different types of transmission operators.
18. The system of claim 17 wherein said real time message charges include at least one of component charges, discounts, and service charges.
19. The system of claim 17 wherein said real time message transmission charges are deducted from at least one of direct sender or recipient payment accounts, pre-payment trust accounts, pre-authorized credit card and debt accounts, internal corporate accounting systems, and supplemental charges on existing non-postal system billing procedures.
20. In a method for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, a financial management method comprising:
a) calculating in substantially real time message transmission charges;
b) generating in substantially real time invoices for at least said transmission charges; and
c) allocating to at least transmission operators in substantially real time respective shares of said transmission charges.
21. The method of claim 20 wherein said real time message charges include at least one of component charges, discounts, and service charges.
22. The method of claim 20 wherein said real time message transmission charges are deducted from at least one of direct sender or recipient payment accounts, pre-payment trust accounts, pre-authorized credit card and debt accounts, internal corporate accounting systems, and supplemental charges on existing non-postal system billing procedures.
23. In a system for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, an invoice comprising:
a) substantially real time message transmission charges; and
b) an allocation to at least transmission operators in substantially real time respective shares of said transmission charges.
24. In a system for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, a re-direction system comprising:
a) a database of message output centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of output and output capacity of a plurality of message output centers;
b) a component for parsing data in a message to be transmitted to one of said plurality of message output centers;
c) a component for matching said message with one of said plurality of message output centers based on matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers, and for selecting a message output center for transmission of said message based on said matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers.
25. The system of claim 24 wherein said type of output of said database of message output centers includes at least one of telephone number format, fax number format and private message system format.
26. The system of claim 24 further comprising providing a database of message input device centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of input and input capacity of a plurality of message input centers.
27. The system of claim 24 wherein the information on a subject-line and any xml and html output specific information of said message is used to determine the best output center from said database of message output centers, and then a cover portion of said message package is reformatted with the email address of said best output center.
28. In a method for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, a re-direction method comprising:
a) providing a database of message output centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of output and output capacity of a plurality of message output centers;
b) providing a component for parsing data in a message to be transmitted to one of said plurality of message output centers;
c) providing a component for matching said message with one of said plurality of message output centers based on matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers, and for selecting a message output center for transmission of said message based on said matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers.
29. The method of claim 28 wherein said type of output of said database of message output centers includes at least one of telephone number format, fax number format and private message system format.
30. The method of claim 28 further comprising providing a database of message input device centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of input and input capacity of a plurality of message input centers.
31. The method of claim 28 wherein the information on a message subject-line and any xml and html output specific information of said message is used to determine the best output center from said database of message output centers, and then a cover portion of said message package is reformatted with the email address of said best output center.
32. In a system for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, a re-direction system comprising:
a) a database of user identification indicia, said user identification indicia including different identification indicia for a user during use of at least said one of said transmission media and use of said another, different one of said transmission media;
b) a database of message medium options cross-referenced with said database of user identification indicia whereby message medium of said message is changeable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said different identification indicia for said user.
33. The system of claim 32 wherein a message output center outputs said message using an output device and functionality of said message output center is checked by:
querying via email the status of each output device at said message output center on a periodic basis;
receiving an automatically generated reply from said message output center; and
on the basis of said automatically generated reply, updating a database with information gathered, including error messages.
34. In a method for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, a re-direction method comprising:
a) providing a database of user identification indicia, said user identification indicia including different identification indicia for a user during use of at least said one of said transmission media and use of said another, different one of said transmission media; and
b) providing a database of message medium options cross-referenced with said database of user identification indicia whereby message medium of said message is changeable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said different identification indicia for said user.
35. The method of claim 34 wherein a message output center outputs said message using an output device and functionality of said message output center is checked by:
querying via email the status of each local output device at said message output center on a periodic basis;
receiving an automatically generated reply from said message output center; and
on the basis of said automatically generated reply, updating a database with information gathered, including error messages.
36. A system for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, the system comprising:
a conversion system having:
a) a component for creating a first message portion, said first message portion including instructions for transmission medium conversion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
b) a component for creating a second message portion associated with said first message portion, said second message portion having a message body, said message body having an email attachment in computer readable code such that said message body of said second message portion is reformattable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
c) a component for converting, if necessary, said instructions of said first message portion into computer readable code, and for converting, if necessary, said message body of said second message portion into computer readable code; and
d) a component for reformatting said message body of said second message portion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion;

a financial management system having:
a) a component for calculating in substantially real time message transmission charges;
b) a component for generating in substantially real time invoices for at least said transmission charges; and
c) a component for allocating to at least transmission operators in substantially real time respective shares of said transmission charges; and

a re-direction system having:
a) a database of message output centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of output and output capacity of a plurality of message output centers;
b) a component for parsing data in a message to be transmitted to one of said plurality of message output centers;
c) a component for matching said message with one of said plurality of message output centers based on matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers, and for selecting a message output center for transmission of said message based on said matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers;
d) a database of user identification indicia, said user identification indicia including different identification indicia for a user during use of at least said one of said transmission media and use of said another, different one of said transmission media; and
e) a data base of message medium options cross-referenced with said database of user identification indicia whereby message medium of said message is changeable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said different identification indicia for said user.
37. The system of claim 36 further comprising in said message XML-defined mail merge tags and a list of addressees that together comprise a mail merged message package.
38. The system of claim 36 wherein said message is received by at least one of an independent site on the Internet, a series of linked sites at different points on a LAN, WAN, or internet, and an internal site on a LAN or WAN.
39. The system of claim 36 wherein said message has an addressee, said addressee identified with a unique id that is at least one of an email address, a postal address, a telephone number, a fax number, a frequent flyer number, and a personnel id number within a given enterprise or institution.
40. The system of claim 36 wherein said real time message charges include at least one of component charges, discounts, and service charges.
41. The system of claim 36 wherein said real time message transmission charges are deducted from at least one of direct sender or recipient payment accounts, pre-payment trust accounts, pre-authorized credit card and debt accounts, internal corporate accounting systems, and supplemental charges on existing non-postal system billing procedures.
42. The system of claim 36 wherein said type of output of said database of message output centers includes at least one of telephone number format, fax number format and private message system format.
43. The system of claim 36 further comprising providing a database of message input device centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of input and input capacity of a plurality of message input centers.
44. The system of claim 36 wherein the information on a message subject-line and any xml and html output specific information of said message is used to determine the best output center from said database of message output centers, and then a cover portion of said message package is reformatted with the email address of said best output center.
45. The system of claim 36 wherein a message output center outputs said message using an output device and functionality of said message output center is checked by:
querying via email the status of each local output device at said message output center on a periodic basis;
receiving an automatically generated reply from said message output center; and
on the basis of said automatically generated reply, updating a database with information gathered, including error messages.
46. The system of claim 36 wherein:
said first message portion includes
g) user-required elements that designate parties to said message, provide a unique identifier of a message recipient, provide presentation features of said second message portion, and provide payment arrangements;
h) user-optional elements that modify presentation of the name of said recipient, modify presentation of said second message portion, support multiple mail merge features, elect document security standards and specify confirmation of delivery requirements; and
i) system-generated elements that provide unique message identifiers, provide technical specifications of an incoming message and provide technical specifications of an outgoing message; and

said second message portion utilizes computer mark-up language start-tag and end-tag markers.
47. The system of claim 36 wherein said message body of said second message portion is reformatted from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion, said system further comprising:
a) an email component to receive said message and to direct said message without intervention to a unique buffer for each of a plurality of said messages;
b) a browser component to open said message in said buffer; and
c) a component using a higher order (macro) language to read said first message portion of said message in said buffer and to store said instructions from said first message portion as variables, wherein said browser opens at least some email attachments in said second message portion in separate windows, said component using a higher order (macro) language passes format variables from said first message portion to software instructions that reformats said second message portion and displays in separate windows all versions of said second message portion after reformatting, and said component using a higher order (macro) language sends sequentially all of said versions of said second message portion that have been reformatted from said windows to designated output devices.
48. A method for converting a message from any of transmission media selected from electronic mail, postal mail, facsimile, voice message, internal private message and computer intranet message to another, different one of said transmission media, the method comprising:
using a conversion system by:
a) creating a first message portion, said first message portion including instructions for transmission medium conversion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
b) creating a second message portion associated with said first message portion, said second message portion having a message body, said message body having an email attachment in computer readable code such that said message body of said second message portion is reformattable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media;
c) converting, if necessary, said instructions of said first message portion into computer readable code, and for converting, if necessary, said message body of said second message portion into computer readable code; and
d) reformatting said message body of said second message portion from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion;

using a financial management by:
a) calculating in substantially real time message transmission charges;
b) generating in substantially real time invoices for at least said transmission charges; and
c) allocating to at least transmission operators in substantially real time respective shares of said transmission charges; and

using a re-direction system by:
a) using a database of message output centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of output and output capacity of a plurality of message output centers;
b) using a component for parsing data in a message to be transmitted to one of said plurality of message output centers;
c) using a component for matching said message with one of said plurality of message output centers based on matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers, and for selecting a message output center for transmission of said message based on said matching of said data of said message with said data of said plurality of message output centers;
d) using a database of user identification indicia, said user identification indicia including different identification indicia for a user during use of at least said one of said transmission media and use of said another, different one of said transmission media; and
e) using a data base of message medium options cross-referenced with said database of user identification indicia whereby message medium of said message is changeable from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said different identification indicia for said user.
49. The method of claim 48 further comprising in said message XML-defined mail merge tags and a list of addressees that together comprise a mail merged message package.
50. The method of claim 48 wherein said message is received by at least one of an independent site on the Internet, a series of linked sites at different points on a LAN, WAN, or internet, and an internal site on a LAN or WAN.
51. The method of claim 48 wherein said message has an addressee, said addressee identified with a unique id that is at least one of an email address, a postal address, a telephone number, a fax number, a frequent flyer number, and a personnel id number within a given enterprise or institution.
52. The method of claim 48 wherein said real time message charges include at least one of component charges, discounts, and service charges.
53. The method of claim 48 wherein said real time message transmission charges are deducted from at least one of direct sender or recipient payment accounts, pre-payment trust accounts, pre-authorized credit card and debt accounts, internal corporate accounting systems, and supplemental charges on existing non-postal system billing procedures.
54. The method of claim 48 wherein said type of output of said database of message output centers includes at least one of telephone number format, fax number format and private message system format.
55. The method of claim 48 further comprising providing a database of message input device centers populated with data of at least one of the location, type of input and input capacity of a plurality of message input centers.
56. The method of claim 48 wherein the information on a message subject-line and any xml and html output specific information of said message is used to determine the best output center from said database of message output centers, and then a cover portion of said message package is reformatted with the email address of said best output center.
57. The method of claim 48 wherein a message output center outputs said message using an output device and functionality of said message output center is checked by:
querying via email the status of each local output device at said message output center on a periodic basis;
receiving an automatically generated reply from said message output center; and
on the basis of said automatically generated reply, updating a database with information gathered, including error messages.
58. The method of claim 48 wherein:
said first message portion includes
j) user-required elements that designate parties to said message, provide a unique identifier of a message recipient, provide presentation features of said second message portion, and provide payment arrangements;
k) user-optional elements that modify presentation of the name of said recipient, modify presentation of said second message portion, support multiple mail merge features, elect document security standards and specify confirmation of delivery requirements; and
l) system-generated elements that provide unique message identifiers, provide technical specifications of an incoming message and provide technical specifications of an outgoing message; and

said second message portion utilizes computer mark-up language start-tag and end-tag markers.
59. The method of claim 48 wherein said message body of said second message portion is reformatted from said one of said transmission media to said another, different one of said transmission media based on said instructions in said first message portion, said method further comprising:
a) using an email component to receive said message and to direct said message without intervention to a unique buffer for each of a plurality of said messages;
b) using a browser component to open said message in said buffer; and
c) using a component using a higher order (macro) language to read said first message portion of said message in said buffer and to store said instructions from said first message portion as variables, wherein said browser opens at least some email attachments in said second message portion in separate windows, said component using a higher order (macro) language passes format variables from said first message portion to software instructions that reformats said second message portion and displays in separate windows all versions of said second message portion after reformatting, and said component using a higher order (macro) language sends sequentially all of said versions of said second message portion that have been reformatted from said windows to designated output devices.