All The Claims

1. A driving circuit for driving at least one fluorescent lamp, the driving circuit comprising:
a transformer, having a primary circuit and a secondary circuit for powering the fluorescent lamp;
a regulator connected between the primary circuit and a first power terminal for regulating the current through said primary circuit, the regulator having an inductor and a switch in series;
an electronic switch;
a current sensing device connected to a second power terminal for sensing a current signal; and
a controller being arranged to receive the current signal and being arranged to control the regulator thereby to regulate the current through the primary circuit;
wherein the regulator, the primary circuit, the electronic switch and the current sensing device are connected successively in series;
characterised in that:
there is a unidirectional current path from the junction of the electronic switch and the current sensing device to the junction of the inductor and the switch of the regulator.
2. A driving circuit according to claim 1 for driving one fluorescent lamp, wherein the transformer comprises a plurality of transformers having their primary circuits connected in series and their secondary circuits arranged for connection to one fluorescent lamp.
3. A driving circuit according to claim 1 for driving a plurality of fluorescent lamps, wherein the transformer comprises a plurality of transformers having their primary circuits connected in series and their secondary circuits arranged for connection to the fluorescent lamps.
4. A driving circuit for driving at least one fluorescent lamp according to any of claims 1 to 3, having a pulse width modulator arranged to receive a predetermined voltage, and to generate an output to the regulator thereby to regulate further the current through the primary circuit.
5. A driving circuit for driving at least one fluorescent lamp according to claim 4, wherein the pulse width modulator is connected to the controller via a delay circuit, and the controller is further arranged to control the electronic switch under the influence of the pulse width modulator and the delay circuit.
6. A driving circuit for driving at least one fluorescent lamp according to any of claims 1 to 5, having a voltage sensing device arranged to detect the voltage across the primary circuit or across the primary circuit and the inductor and to generate a signal to the controller when that voltage exceeds a predetermined limit.
7. A driving circuit for driving at least one fluorescent lamp according any of the preceding claims, wherein the unidirectional current path has a diode defining the direction of the current path.
8. A driving circuit for driving one fluorescent lamp, the driving circuit comprising:
a plurality of transformers having their primary circuits connected in series and their secondary circuits arranged for connection to a fluorescent lamp;
a regulator-connected between the primary circuits and a first power terminal for regulating the current through said primary circuits;
an electronic switch;
a current sensing device connected to a second power terminal for sensing a current signal; and
a controller being arranged to receive the current signal and being arranged to control the regulator thereby to regulate the current through the primary circuits;
wherein the regulator, the primary circuits, the electronic switch and the current sensing device are connected successively in series.
9. A driving circuit for driving a plurality of fluorescent lamps, the driving circuit comprising:
a plurality of transformers having their primary circuits connected in series and their secondary circuits arranged for connection to the fluorescent lamps;
a regulator connected between the primary circuits and a first power terminal for regulating the current through said primary circuits;
an electronic switch;
a current sensing device connected to a second power terminal for sensing a current signal; and
a controller being arranged to receive the current signal and being arranged to control the regulator thereby to regulate the current through the primary circuits;
wherein the regulator, the primary circuits, the electronic switch and the current sensing device are connected successively in series.
10. A driving circuit for driving at least one fluorescent lamp, the driving circuit comprising:
a transformer for powering the fluorescent lamp;
a regulator connected between the transformer and a first power terminal for regulating the current through said transformer;
an electronic switch; and
a controller being arranged to receive a current signal and being arranged to control the regulator thereby to regulate the current through transformer;
wherein the regulator, the transformer and the electronic switch are connected successively in series;
characterised in that:
the circuit has a pulse width modulator arranged to receive a predetermined voltage as an input, and to generate an output to the regulator thereby to regulate further the current through the transformer.
11. A driving circuit according to claim 10, having a current sensing device for sensing the current signal, the current sensing device being connected in series between the electronic switch and a second power terminal.
12. A driving circuit according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the transformer has a primary circuit and a secondary circuit, the primary circuit being connected in series between the regulator and the electronic switch, and the secondary circuit being connectable to the fluorescent lamp.
13. A driving circuit for driving at least one fluorescent lamp, the driving circuit comprising:
a transformer, having a primary circuit and a secondary circuit for powering the fluorescent lamp;
a regulator connected between the primary circuit and a first power terminal for regulating the current through said primary circuit;
an electronic switch;
a current sensing device connected to a second power terminal for sensing a current signal; and
a controller being arranged to receive the current signal and being arranged to control the regulator thereby to regulate the current through the primary circuit;
wherein the regulator, the primary circuit, the electronic switch and the current sensing device are connected successively in series;
characterised in that:
the circuit has a voltage sensing device arranged to detect the voltage across the primary circuit and to generate a signal to the controller when that voltage exceeds a predetermined limit.
14. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit comprising:
a fluorescent lamp and a driving circuit according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4-8, 12 or 13, the secondary circuit of the transformer in the driving circuit being connected to the fluorescent lamp, the connection being via a ballast capacitor;
wherein the ballast capacitor is located not more than one quarter of the length of the fluorescent lamp away from said fluorescent lamp.
15. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit according to claim 14, wherein the ballast capacitor is located not more than one tenth of the length of the fluorescent lamp away from said fluorescent lamp.
16. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit comprising:
a plurality of fluorescent lamps and a driving circuit according to any one of claims 1, 3-7, 9 or 12,
wherein the secondary circuit of the transformer in the driving circuit is connected to the plurality of fluorescent lamps, the connection to each fluorescent lamp being via a corresponding ballast capacitor;
and wherein each ballast capacitor is located not more than one quarter of the length of the corresponding fluorescent lamp away from the corresponding fluorescent lamp.
17. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit according to claim 16, wherein each ballast capacitor is located not more than one tenth of the length of the corresponding fluorescent lamp away from the corresponding fluorescent lamp.
18. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit according to either claim 16 or 17, wherein the distance between each ballast capacitor and the corresponding fluorescent lamp is within 25% of a common value.
19. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit according to claim 18, wherein the distance is the same.
20. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit comprising:
a fluorescent lamp;
a transformer having a primary circuit and a secondary circuit connected to the fluorescent lamp, the connection being via a ballast capacitor;
characterised in that:
the ballast capacitor is located not more than one quarter of the length of the fluorescent lamp away from said fluorescent lamp.
21. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit comprising:
a plurality of fluorescent lamps;
a transformer having a primary circuit and a secondary circuit connected to a plurality of fluorescent lamps, the connection to each fluorescent lamp being via a ballast capacitor;
characterised in that:
each ballast capacitor is located not more than one quarter of the length of the corresponding fluorescent lamp away from said corresponding fluorescent lamp.
22. A fluorescent lamp powering circuit according to claim 20 or claim 21 further including:
a regulator connected between the primary circuit and a first power terminal for regulating the current through said primary circuit;
an electronic switch;
a current sensing device connected to a second power terminal for sensing a current signal; and
a controller being arranged to receive the current signal and being arranged to control the regulator thereby to regulate the current through the primary circuit;
wherein the regulator, the primary circuit, the electronic switch and the current sensing device are connected successively in series.
23. A current regulating circuit for regulating the current through the primary circuit of a transformer, the secondary circuit of the transformer being for powering at least one fluorescent lamp, the current regulating circuit comprising:
a regulator having a first terminal for connection to a power supply and a second terminal for connection in series to the primary circuit for regulating the current through said primary circuit, the regulator having an inductor and a switch in series;
an electronic switch having a terminal for connection in series to the primary circuit;
a current sensing device for sensing a current signal in series with the electronic switch, the current sensing device having a terminal for connection to the power supply; and
a controller being arranged to receive the current signal and being arranged to control the regulator thereby to regulate the current through the primary circuit;
characterised in that:
there is a unidirectional current path from the junction of the electronic switch and the current sensing device to the junction of the inductor and the switch of the regulator.
24. A current regulating circuit for regulating the current through the primary circuit of a transformer according to claim 23, wherein the unidirectional current path has a diode defining the direction of the current path.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A compressible axle for installing between two depressions in a frame, the compressible axle comprising:
a first portion that telescopically interfaces with a cavity in a second portion; a first end of the first portion has a first nub and a first end of the second portion has a second nub; a second end of the first portion has a well containing a lubricant, the well is sealed by a plunger except for at least one orifice through a side of the well; and
a compression spring is positioned within the cavity between an inside surface of the cavity and the plunger; the compression spring urges the first portion away from the second portion such that a closing force applied to compress the first portion further into the cavity compresses the compression spring and applies force to the plunger, thereby expelling a portion of the lubricant from the at least one orifice to lubricate an area where the first portion telescopically interfaces with the cavity in the second portion;
wherein the first nub and the second nub are sized and shaped to fit within corresponding depressions of the depressions in the frame.
2. The compressible axle of claim 1, further comprising a pull-tab affixed to either the first end of the first portion or to the first end of the second portion.
3. The compressible axle of claim 2, wherein the pull-tab includes advertising.
4. The compressible axle of claim 1, wherein the lubricant is petroleum jelly.
5. The compressible axle of claim 1, wherein the lubricant is silicon grease.
6. The compressible axle of claim 1, wherein the lubricant is dielectric silicon grease.
7. A compressible axle for installing between two depressions in a frame of a toilet paper holder, the compressible axle comprising:
a first portion that telescopically interfaces within a cavity in a second portion, a first end of the first portion has a first nub, a second end of the first portion has a well containing a lubricant, a side wall of the well has at least one orifice for emitting the lubricant, an open end of the well is sealed by a movable plunger, a first end of the second portion has a second nub; and
a compression spring is within the cavity between an inside surface of the cavity towards the first end of the second portion and the plunger; the compression spring urges the first portion away from the second portion such that a closing force applied to compress the first portion further into the cavity compresses the compression spring and thereby the compression spring applies force onto the plunger, thereby expelling a portion of the lubricant from the at least one orifice to lubricate an area where the first portion telescopically interfaces with the cavity in the second portion;
wherein the first nub and the second nub are sized and shaped to fit within corresponding depressions of the depressions in the frame.
8. The compressible axle of claim 7, further comprising a pull-tab affixed to either the first end of the first portion or to the first end of the second portion.
9. The compressible axle of claim 8, wherein the pull-tab includes advertising.
10. The compressible axle of claim 7, wherein the lubricant is petroleum jelly.
11. The compressible axle of claim 7, wherein the lubricant is silicon grease.
12. The compressible axle of claim 7, wherein the lubricant is dielectric silicon grease.
13. A compressible axle for installing between two depressions in a frame, the compressible axle comprising:
a first portion that telescopically interfaces within a cavity in a second portion, a first end of the first portion has a first nub, a second end of the first portion has means for lubricating an interface where the first portion telescopically interfaces within the cavity in the second portion, a first end of the second portion has a second nub; and
means for urging the first portion away from the second portion is within the cavity between an inside surface of the cavity towards the first end of the second portion and the plunger; the means for urging pushes the first portion away from the second portion such that a closing force applied to compress the first portion further into the cavity compresses the means for urging and thereby applies force onto the means for lubricating, thereby expelling a portion of a lubricant from the means for lubricating to lubricate an area where the first portion telescopically interfaces with the cavity of the second portion;
wherein the first nub and the second nub are sized and shaped to fit within corresponding depressions of the depressions in the frame.
14. The compressible axle of claim 13, further comprising a pull-tab affixed to either the first end of the first portion or to the first end of the second portion.
15. The compressible axle of claim 14, wherein the pull-tab includes advertising.
16. The compressible axle of claim 13, wherein the means for lubricating emits a lubricant upon receiving pressure from the means for urging;
17. The compressible axle of claim 16, wherein the lubricant is petroleum jelly.
18. The compressible axle of claim 16, wherein the lubricant is silicon grease.
19. The compressible axle of claim 16, wherein the lubricant is dielectric silicon grease.
20. The compressible axle of claim 13, wherein the means for lubricating comprises:
a well containing a lubricant, a side wall of the well has at least one orifice for emitting the lubricant, and an open end of the well is sealed by a movable plunger, the movable plunger is operatively interfaced to the means for urging.

1. A method for processing input seismic data d, the method comprising:
receiving the input seismic data d recorded in a first domain by seismic receivers that travel in water, the input seismic data d including up-going and down-going wave-fields;
generating a model p in a second domain to describe the input seismic data d; and
processing with a processor the model p to obtain an output seismic dataset indicative of the down-going wave-field and substantially free of the up-going wave-field.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the input seismic data d includes only pressure measurements.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the input seismic data d includes only particle motion measurements.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the input seismic data d includes both pressure and particle motion measurements.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the output seismic dataset is indicative of pressure measurements andor particle motion measurements.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first domain is a time-space domain.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second domain is one of a radon domain, frequency-wave number domain, tau-p domain, parabolic domain, shifted hyperbola domain, singular value decomposition, rank reduction and curvelet domain.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of processing the model p comprises:
applying an L\u2032 transform to the model p to obtain the output seismic dataset.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the L\u2032 transform also includes a receiver rotation or obliquity correction.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of processing also includes removing random, coherent or impulsive noise.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the coherent noise is cross-talk noise, interference noise or multiple energy.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the impulsive noise is cross-talk noise or interference noise.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein an amount of noise is reduced by scaling or filtering energy associated with the model p prior to or during the application of the L\u2032 transform.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the output seismic dataset indicative of the down-going wave-field is generated at input positions.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the seismic dataset indicative of the down-going wave-field is subtracted from the input seismic data d to obtain data d\u2032 to be used for generating a final image of a surveyed subsurface.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the output seismic dataset indicative of the down-going wave-field is generated at positions different from the input seismic data.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the positions are in-between the receivers.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the positions are at different depths than the input seismic data.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the different depths are at the sea surface.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein the positions are selected to match positions of receivers from another seismic survey.
21. The method of claim 16, wherein the positions are equidistant from streamers on which the receivers are distributed.
22. The method of claim 16, wherein the positions are distributed on a regular grid.
23. The method of claim 1, wherein the seismic dataset indicative of the down-going wave-field is directly used for generating a final image of a surveyed subsurface.
24. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of processing the model p comprises:
generating a seismic dataset indicative of the up-going wave-field and subtracting the up-going data from the input data to generate an output dataset substantially free of up-going energy.
25. A computing device for processing input seismic data d, computing device comprising:
an interface for receiving the input seismic data d recorded in a first domain by seismic receivers that travel in water, the input seismic data d including up-going and down-going wave-fields; and
a processor connected to the interface, the processor being configured to,
generate a model p in a second domain to describe the input seismic data d; and
process the model p to obtain an output seismic dataset indicative of the down-going wave-field and substantially free of the up-going wave-field.
26. A non-transitory computer readable medium including computer executable instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by a processor, implement instructions for processing input seismic data d, the instructions comprising:
receiving the input seismic data d recorded in a first domain by seismic receivers that travel in water, the input seismic data d including up-going and down-going wave-fields;
generating a model p in a second domain to describe the input seismic data d; and
processing the model p to obtain an output seismic dataset indicative of the down-going wave-field and substantially free of the up-going wave-field.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A cyber classified free standing insert system for enabling one or more advertisers to buy and schedule advertisement blocks and having cyber content thereon accessible by a userconsumer using an electronic device having capability (i) to receive and transmit messages, (ii) accept input via a user interface, and (iii) display messages on an electronic display, the system comprising:
a. a printed page advertising medium;
b. at least one specialized main body heading or theme related to a specific category of goods or services, or a generic heading for unrelated products and services, being located on said printed page;
c. at least two non-competing advertisement blocks located on said printed page being directly next to one another;
d. said non-competing advertisements falling within said specific category andor said generic category of goods or services of said specialized main body heading; and
e. a cyber content section containing said cyber content on said printed page directly next to said advertisements, wherein said cyber content section includes a unique website link.
2. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said unique website link is associated with each of said non-competing advertisements.
3. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said unique website link is associated a single link that allows consumers to access all advertisers in a specific cyber classified free standing insert.
4. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said cyber content is directed to a computer-implemented advertising platform including a server with a database adapted to transmit and receive messages from said user’sconsumer’s electronic device.
5. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said cyber content comprises a website URL.
6. A cyber classified freestanding insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said cyber content comprises a smart phone or pad application.
7. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said cyber content comprises a website URL which in turn includes a direct link URL to each of said advertisement’s websites.
8. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said cyber content comprises at least one coupon, samples, and other promotions.
9. A cyber classified freestanding insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said printed page advertising medium is a freestanding insert.
10. A cyber classified freestanding insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said printed page advertising medium is in tangible paper form.
11. A cyber classified freestanding insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said printed page advertising medium is in digital form.
12. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein there are at least three non-competing advertisement blocks located directly next to one another on said printed page.
13. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein there are four non-competing advertisement blocks being located on said printed page and being directly next to one another.
14. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said page is a full page and there are five to ten non-competing advertisement blocks located on said page and being directly next to one another.
15. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said page is a half page and there are two to five non-competing advertisement blocks located on said page and being directly next to one another.
16. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said specialized main body heading includes goodsservices selected from the group such as automobiles, kids, teens, babies, education, cosmetics, beauty, health, fitness, and sports, music, arts, books\u2014fiction and non-fiction, and movies etc.
17. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said generic main body heading includes allows non-related products and services representing multiple categories to be advertised such as Family Fun, Valentine Values, Sally’s Selections, Not sold in stores, You have to see this! And New for you\u201d.
18. A cyber classified freestanding insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said non-competing advertisements are related to one another by category or theme.
19. A cyber classified freestanding insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein each of said non-competing advertisement blocks includes a direct web site link therein.
20. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said printed page advertising medium is about 8 inches\xd711 inches.
21. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 20, wherein there are two to eight of said non-competing advertisement blocks available for purchase by an advertiser and each of said blocks ranges from about 1 inch to 2 inches in height.
22. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 20, wherein there are two to eight of said non-competing advertisement blocks available for purchase by an advertiser and each of said blocks ranges from about 0.5 inches to 1 inch in height.
23. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said cyber content comprises at least one promotion such as a price offer, coupon or other available promotions.
24. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said advertising medium comprises a spread contained on two adjacent pages and having a single heading and coupon.
25. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, wherein said advertising medium comprises a separate multi-page insert consisting of cyber advertisements.
26. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, said advertising cyber content being devoid of a theme or a coupon and comprising a separate web address for each advertiser.
27. A cyber classified free standing insert system as recited by claim 1, said advertising cyber content being devoid of a theme or a coupon and comprising a common web address wherein all advertisers can be accessed
28. A cyber classified free standing insert method for enabling one or more advertisers to buy and schedule advertisement spots and having cyber content thereon accessible by a userconsumer using an electronic device having capability (i) to receive and transmit messages, (ii) accept input via a user interface, and (iii) display messages on an electronic display, the method comprising the steps of:
a. forming a printed page advertising medium;
b. inserting at least one specialized main body heading or theme related to a specific category of goods or services on said printed page, or a non-specific category that can be all inclusive.
c. selecting at least two non-competing advertisement blocks located on said printed \xbd page being directly next to one another, said non-competing advertisements falling within said specific category of goods or services of said specialized main body heading; and
d. providing a cyber content section containing said cyber content on said printed page directly next to said advertisements, wherein said cyber content section includes a unique website link associated with each of said non-competing advertisements.