All The Claims

1. A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, including: a lithium transition metal composite oxide represented by the following formula (1), which contains an excess of lithium, so as to exhibit enhanced rate characteristics under high rate chargedischarge conditions:
Li1+aNi\u2032bNi\u2033cMndCoeO2\u2003\u2003(1)

wherein a, b, c, d and e are defined by an equation of 1.1\u2266(1+a)(b+c+d+e)<1.3;
an average oxidation number of each transition metal element described above is represented as follows:
Ni\u2032>2+, Ni\u2033=3+, Mn=4+ and Co=3+;
0\u2266e\u22660.1;
0.2<b+c\u22660.55, 0.2<d\u22660.55;
and
|(b+c)\u2212d|<0.1.
2. The cathode active material according to claim 1, wherein a molar fraction of Li relative to all transition metals in the composite oxide ranges from 1.10 to 1.20.
3. The cathode active material according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of (b+c):d ranges from 1:0.7 to 1.3.
4. The cathode active material according to claim 1, wherein the composite oxide is prepared by reacting a nickel-manganese-(cobalt) hydroxide precursor with lithium carbonate.
5. A lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material as defined in claim 1.
6. A lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material as defined in claim 2.
7. A lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material as defined in claim 3.
8. A lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material as defined in claim 4.
9. The cathode active material according to claim 4, wherein the reacted mixture is calcined at 800 to 1,200\xb0 C. for 8 to 24 hours.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for quantitatively comparing changes in protein profiles of cells, tissues or whole organisms comprising:
(a) adding a mixture of proteins in solution to a chamber for holding a liquid, the chamber having a first porous charged membrane partition or a first membrane permeable to small ions at a first end, a second porous charged membrane partition or a second membrane permeable to small ions at a second end which is opposite the first end, and porous charged membrane partitions positioned along the chamber to define a plurality of compartments within the chamber such that each compartment holds a volume of liquid less than about 4 ml wherein each porous charged membrane partition comprises a different pH;
(b) applying a direct current between the first end and the second end of the chamber, whereby proteins are separated;
(c) analyzing the contents of one or more of the compartments.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the contents of one or more of the compartments are collected before step (c).
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising the step of fragmenting the collected contents by one or more enzymatic or chemical methods.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the fragmenting is enzymatic and the enzyme is trypsin.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said analyzing (c) comprises one or more analytical techniques selected from the group consisting of chromatography and mass spectrometry.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said chromatography is selected from the group consisting of HPLC chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein said mass spectrometry is by a LCMSMS instrument.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the mass spectrometry is performed using a MALDI mass spectrometer.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the mass spectrometry is performed using an electrospray interface.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one porous charged membrane partition comprises polyacrylamide.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein each porous charged membrane partition comprises covalently linked buffering groups.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the chamber comprises a plurality of porous charged membrane partitions and the porous charged membrane partition adjacent to the first porous charged membrane partition or the first membrane permeable to small ions at the first end of the chamber and the membrane partition adjacent to the second porous charged membrane partition or the second membrane permeable to small ions at the second end of the chamber comprise a higher percentage of polyacrylamide than the remaining porous charged membrane partitions.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the chamber comprises at least 5 porous charged membrane partitions.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the area of each porous charged membrane partition is between about 5 and 200 mm2.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein the area of each porous charged membrane partition is about 100 mm2.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the chamber further comprises an access port for each compartment.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein each compartment holds a volume of liquid less than about 2 ml.
18. The method of claim 1, wherein each compartment holds a volume of liquid of from about 0.5 ml to about 1 ml.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein each access port has a removable cap.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein the chamber contains at least 10 compartments to permit separating a mixture of at least ten species of charged molecules in liquid.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein an anode buffer is placed in the compartment of said chamber having the first porous charged membrane partition or the first membrane permeable to small ions as a partition; and a cathode buffer in the compartment of said chamber having the second porous charged membrane partition of the said membrane permeable to small ions as a partition.
22. The method of claim 1 wherein the proteins comprise a sample selected from the group consisting of a prokaryotic proteome, a eukaryotic proteome, a cell sample, a tissue sample, a fractionated cell sample, a fractionated tissue sample, and a biological fluid.
23. The method of claim 1 wherein the proteins are separated according to their isoelectric points.
24. A method of two-dimensional electrophoresis comprising:
(a) adding a mixture of charged molecules in solution to a chamber for holding a liquid, the chamber having a first porous charged membrane partition or a first membrane permeable to small ions at a first end, a second porous charged membrane partition or a second membrane permeable to small ions at a second end which is opposite the first end, and porous charged membrane partitions positioned along the chamber to define a plurality of compartments within the chamber such that each compartment holds a volume of liquid less than about 4 ml wherein each porous charged membrane partition comprises a different pH;
(b) applying a direct current between the first end and the second end of the chamber, whereby the charged molecules are separated;
(c) subjecting the contents of at least one of the compartments to at least one type of gel electrophoresis.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the contents of one or more of the compartments are collected before step (c).
26. The method of claim 24, wherein the charged molecules are separated according to their isoelectric points.
27. The method of claim 24, wherein the gel electrophoresis is selected from the group consisting of PAGE, SDS-PAGE, immobilized pH gradient gel electrophoresis and ampholyte based isoelectric focusing gels electrophoresis.
28. The method of claim 24, wherein the charged molecules are proteins.
29. The method of claim 24, wherein at least one porous charged membrane partition comprises polyacrylamide.
30. The method of claim 24, wherein each porous charged membrane partition comprises covalently linked buffering groups.
31. The method of claim 24, wherein the chamber comprises a plurality of porous charged membrane partitions and the porous charged membrane partition adjacent to the first porous charged membrane partition or the first membrane permeable to small ions at the first end of the chamber and the membrane partition adjacent to the second porous charged membrane partition or the second membrane permeable to small ions at the second end of the chamber comprise a higher percentage of polyacrylamide than the remaining porous charged membrane partitions.
32. The method of claim 24, wherein the chamber comprises at least 5 porous charged membrane partitions.
33. The method of claim 24, wherein the area of each porous charged membrane partition is between about 5 and 200 mm2.
34. The method of claim 24, wherein the area of each porous charged membrane partition is about 100 mm2.
35. The method of claim 24, wherein the chamber further comprises an access port for each compartment.
36. The method of claim 24, wherein each compartment holds a volume of liquid less than about 2 ml.
37. The method of claim 24, wherein each compartment holds a volume of liquid of from about 0.5 ml to about 1 ml.
38. The method of claim 24, wherein each access port has a removable cap.
39. The method of claim 24, wherein the chamber contains at least 10 compartments to permit separating a mixture of at least ten species of charged molecules in liquid.

1. A bridge assembly for use with a stringed instrument having a plurality of strings, each string having an end portion, the bridge assembly comprising:
A mounting plate attachable to the instrument; and
A bridge block having a top portion connected to the mounting plate and a bottom portion spaced away from the mounting plate, the bridge block having a plurality of arcuate string passageways extending between the top and bottom portions of the bridge block, the arcuate string passageways being configured to receive the strings therein with the strings maintaining contact with the bridge block substantially along the length of the string passageways;
wherein the bridge block has a body portion with a plurality of string slots therein extending between the top and bottom portions, each string slot having a convex surface configured to support the string against the body portion, and the bridge block having a plurality of inserts in the slots, each insert having a concave surface spaced apart from the convex surface of the string slot defining the arcuate string passageway.
2. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein each arcuate string passageway has an enlarged opening in the bottom portion, the enlarged opening sized to receive and anchor the end portion of the string in the bridge block.
3. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein each arcuate string passageways has an enlarged opening in the bottom portion of the bridge block that receives the end portion of the string therein and blocks the end portion of the string from rotating in the arcuate string passageway.
4. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein mounting plate has a plurality of string apertures therein each aligned with a respective one of the plurality of arcuate string passageways and sized to receive a string therethrough.
5. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein the bridge block has a tremolo aperture therein configured to receive a tremolo arm therein.
6. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein the mounting plate has a first tremolo aperture therein, and the bridge block having a second tremolo aperture therein aligned with the first tremolo aperture, and further comprising a bushing rotatably mounted in the first and second tremolo apertures, the bushing configured to receive a tremolo arm therein.
7. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein the bridge block has a plurality of arcuate apertures therein that define the arcuate string passageways.
8. The bridge assembly of claim 1 the body portion is made of a first material and the inserts are made of a second material different than the first material.
9. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein each arcuate string passageway having a first portion with first width adjacent to the bottom portion of the bridge block, and each string passageway having a second portion connected to the first portion and having a second width smaller than the first width to define a string retaining shoulder in the bridge block.
10. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein the string passageways adjacent to the bottom portion of the bridge block being oriented at an angle relative a bottom surface of the bridge block in the range of approximately 20\xb0-30\xb0.
11. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein the arcuate string passageways have a substantially constant radius through the bridge block.
12. The bridge assembly of claim 1 wherein the arcuate string passageways have radius in the range of approximately 1.5 inches-2 inches.
13. A tremolo assembly for use with a stringed instrument having a plurality of strings, each string having a ball end portion, the tremolo assembly comprising:
A mounting plate having a plurality of string apertures and a first tremolo aperture;
A plurality of saddles attached to the mounting plate adjacent to the string apertures;
A bridge block connected to the mounting plate and having a plurality of arcuate string passageways extending between the top and bottom portions of the bridge block, the arcuate string passageways being aligned with the string apertures in the mounting plate and being configured to receive the strings therein with the strings maintaining contact with the bridge block substantially along the length of the string passageways, wherein each of the string passageways has a retention area that receives and retains the ball end portion of the string, the retention area having an elliptical shape cross-sectional shape that defines an enlarged surface area configured to engage the ball end and prevent the ball end from rotating within the string passageway, the bridge block having a second tremolo aperture aligned with the first tremolo aperture; and
a tremolo arm removably disposed in the first and second tremolo apertures.
14. The tremolo assembly of claim 13 wherein each arcuate string passageway has a substantially constant radius configured to allow the string to lay smoothly against the tremolo block from substantially the ball end through the entire length of the arcuate string passageway to a too end of the tremolo block.
15. The tremolo assembly of claim 13 wherein the bridge block has a body portion with a plurality of string slots therein extending between the top and bottom portions, each string slot having a convex surface that supports the string against the body portion, and the bridge block having a plurality of inserts in the string slots, each insert having a concave surface spaced apart from the convex surface of the string slot defining the arcuate string passageway.
16. The tremolo assembly of claim 15 wherein the body portion is made of a first material and the inserts are made of a second material different than the first material.
17. The tremolo assembly of claim 13 wherein the string passageways adjacent to the bottom portion of the bridge block being oriented at an angle relative a bottom surface of the bring block in the range of approximately 20\xb0-30\xb0.
18. A guitar assembly, comprising
A neck with a head portion;
A body connected to the neck;
A plurality of strings having a first end portion connected to the head portion of the neck and having a second end portion opposite the first end portion; and
A bridge assembly attached to the body, the bridge assembly having a bridge block with a plurality of arcuate string passageways extending between top and bottom portions of the bridge block, the strings extending through the arcuate string passageways with the strings maintaining contact with the bridge block substantially along the length of the string passageways, wherein the second end of the strings being anchored in the bridge block, wherein the bridge block has a body portion plurality of string slots therein extending between the top and bottom portions, each string slot having a convex surface that supports the string against the body portion, and the bridge block having a plurality of inserts in the string slots, each insert having a concave surface spaced apart from the convex surface of the string slot defining the arcuate string passageway.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A saw blade in which a set pattern of teeth is continuously repeated, wherein said set pattern comprises a combination of a first teeth group wherein the teeth all have a first tooth height and a second teeth group wherein the teeth all have a second tooth height that is different than the first tooth height, the first teeth group having a spur tooth and left and right laterally bent set teeth and the second teeth group in which all teeth are laterally bent set teeth having left and right laterally bent set teeth;
wherein all of the teeth in the set pattern are in one of the first and second teeth groups;
wherein set amounts of the left and right set teeth of the second teeth group are smaller than set amounts of the left and right set teeth of the first teeth group;
wherein the number of teeth of the first teeth group is greater than the number of teeth of the second teeth group; and
wherein the set teeth of the left and right set teeth of the first and second teeth groups which are bent in the same direction are continuously arranged.
2. A saw blade in which a set pattern of teeth is continuously repeated, wherein said set pattern comprises a combination of a first teeth group wherein the first teeth all have a first tooth height and a second teeth group wherein the teeth all have a second tooth height, the first teeth group having a spur tooth and left and right laterally bent set teeth and the second teeth group in which all teeth are laterally bent set teeth having left and right laterally bent set teeth;
wherein all of the teeth in the set pattern are in one of the first and second teeth groups;
wherein the second tooth height is less than the first tooth height;
wherein set amounts of the left and right set teeth of the second teeth group are smaller than set amounts of the left and right set teeth of the first teeth group;
wherein the number of teeth of the first teeth group is greater than the number of teeth of the second teeth group; and
wherein the set teeth of the left and right set teeth of the first and second teeth groups which are bent in the same direction are continuously arranged.
3. A saw blade in which a set pattern of teeth is continuously repeated, wherein said set pattern comprises a combination of a first teeth group wherein the first teeth all have a first tooth height and a second teeth group wherein the teeth all have a second tooth height, the first teeth group having at least a spur tooth and a pair of left and right laterally bent set teeth and the second teeth group in which all teeth are laterally bent set teeth having at least a pair of left and right laterally bent set teeth;
wherein all of the teeth in the set pattern are in one of the first and second teeth groups;
wherein the second tooth height is less than the first tooth height, a tip pitch of one of the teeth of the second teeth group is smaller than a tip pitch of one of the teeth of the first teeth group, set amounts of the left and right set teeth of the second teeth group are equal to or smaller than set amounts of the left and right set teeth of the first teeth group;
wherein the number of teeth of the first teeth group is greater than the number of teeth of the second teeth group; and
wherein the set teeth of the left and right set teeth of the first and second teeth groups which are bent in the same direction are continuously arranged.
4. A saw blade according to claim 3, wherein a height difference between the first tooth height and the second tooth height is 0.2 mm or less.
5. A saw blade according to claim 4, wherein
a bottom of a garret of one of the teeth of the second teeth group is located closer to a tip than a garret of one of the teeth of the first teeth group.