All The Claims

1. A service system for supporting ophthalmic surgical systems, the service system comprising:
a plurality of remotely located ophthalmic surgical machines;
a plurality of personal digital assistants; and
a central computer system communicatively coupled to each of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines and to each of the plurality of personal digital assistant, the central computer system configured to:
detect an operation fault of at least one of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines, the operation fault indicating a service requirement of the at least one of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines; and
notify at least one of the personal digital assistants of the operation fault.
2. The service system of claim 1, wherein the central computer system is configured to send software upgrades to any of the ophthalmic surgical machines upon receiving a request.
3. The service system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines comprises one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines, each of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines configured to produce a total output energy amount during operation; and wherein the central computer system is further configured to:
monitor the total output energy amount of each of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines; and
detect the operation fault when the total output energy amount of at least one of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines exceeds a threshold energy level.
4. The service system of claim 3, wherein the central computer system comprises a database of profiles for each of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines, the database of profiles based on at least one of the total output energy amount of each of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines, a beam steering error, a coolant level error, a shutter error, a laser diode error, a galvo positioning error, a wavefront measurement, and a voltage measurement, and wherein the central computer system is further configured to predict the service requirement using the database of profiles.
5. The service system of claim 3, wherein the central computer system is further configured to:
determine a rate of change of the total output energy amount of each of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines; and
detect the operation fault when the rate of change of the total output energy amount of at least one of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines exceeds a threshold rate.
6. The service system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines comprises one or more phacoemulsification- machines, each of the one or more phacoemulsification machines having a rotary vain pump, and wherein the central computer system is further configured to:
monitor a total usage of the rotary vain pump of each of the one or more phacoemulsification machines; and
detect the operation fault when the total usage of the rotary vain pump of at least one of the one or more phacoemulsification machines exceeds a threshold value.
7. The service system of claim 16 wherein the central computer system comprises a database of profiles for each of the one or more phacoemulsification machines, the database of profiles based on at least one of the total usage of the rotary vain pump of each of the one or more phacoemulsification machines, an amount of time for priming, a vacuum performance, a power performance, a power error, a temperature error, a computer error, a safety error, a footswitch error, an account warranty status, and a seriallot number, and wherein the central computer system is further configured to predict the service requirement using the database of profiles.
8. A method of servicing a plurality of surgical systems, the method comprising the steps of:
monitoring the plurality of surgical systems to obtain data indicating a status for each of the plurality of surgical systems;
determining an operation fault of at least one surgical system of the plurality of surgical systems based on the data and a database of pre-determined profiles corresponding to each of the plurality of surgical systems; and
notifying at least one technician of the operation fault.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of notifying comprises identifying one or more technicians within a pre-determined proximity to the at least one surgical system.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the at least one technician has a personal digital assistant, and wherein the step of notifying comprises transmitting an alert to the personal digital assistant of the at least one technician, the alert indicating the operation fault.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of determining an operation fault comprises comparing the data with the database of pre-determined profiles to predict a service requirement of the at least one surgical system, the operation fault based on the service requirement.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the at least one surgical system comprises a plurality of components, and wherein the step of determining an operation fault comprises predicting a service requirement of a first component of the plurality of components from the data.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein a first surgical system of the plurality of surgical systems comprises a database of operating conditions, each of the operating conditions acquired during an operation of the first surgical system, and wherein the step of monitoring comprises periodically accessing the database of operating conditions.
14. A support system for a plurality of remotely located ophthalmic surgical machines, the support system comprising:
a plurality of personal digital assistants; and
a central computer system communicatively coupled to each of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines and to each of the plurality of personal digital assistants, the central computer system configured to:
receive data from at least one of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines;
detect an operation fault of at least one of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines based on the data and a database on profiles corresponding to each of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines, the operation fault indicating a service requirement of the at least one of the plurality of ophthalmic surgical machines; and
transmit an alert to at least one of the personal digital assistants, the alert indicating the operation fault.
15. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 14, wherein the central computer system is further programmed to send software upgrades to any of the ophthalmic surgical machines upon a request.
16. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of remotely located ophthalmic surgical machines include one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines, each producing an amount of total output energy during operation, and wherein the central computer system is configured to:
monitor the amount of total output energy of each of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines; and
notify at least one of the personal digital assistants when the amount of total output energy of one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines exceeds a threshold energy level.
17. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 16, wherein the central computer system is further configured to:
calculate a rate of change of the amount of total output energy for each of the one or more ophthalmic laser surgical machines; and
notify at least one of the personal digital assistants when the rate of change of the amount of total output energy for one or more of the ophthalmic laser surgical machines exceeds a threshold rate.
18. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 14, wherein one or more of the ophthalmic surgical machines are phacoemulsification machines each having a rotary vain pump, and wherein the central computer system is further configured to:
monitor a total usage of the rotary vain pump of each of the one or more phacoemulsification machines; and
notify at least one of the personal digital assistants when the total usage of one of the rotary vain pumps exceeds a threshold value.
19. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 14, wherein the central computer system is further configured to compare the data with the database of profiles to predict the service requirement.
20. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 14, wherein a first ophthalmic surgical machine comprises a plurality of components, wherein the central computer system is further configured to predict the service requirement of a first component of the plurality of components.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of analyzing a distribution, comprising steps of:
(a) collecting data from a data source;
(b) constructing a histogram based on the data such that the histogram defines a distribution; and
(c) fitting tail regions of the distribution wherein deterministic and random components of the distribution are estimated.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fitting step comprises the steps of:
(a) finding a first and a second tail region of the distribution;
(b) fitting the first and second tail region to a predefined first model and second model, respectively; and
(c) estimating fitted parameters of the first model and the second model.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising the step of checking the fitting of the first and second tail region.
4. The method of claim 2, further comprising the step of calculating the statistical confidence of the fitted parameters.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of displaying the deterministic and random components of the distribution.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the finding step comprises the step of finding the fist and second tail region based on a first derivative and second derivative method.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the first model and second model are Gaussian models.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein the first model and second model are multiple Gaussian models.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein the model parameters comprise and .
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the deterministic component is calculated according the following formula: 12.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the random component is calculated according the following formula (12)2.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the distribution comprises a signal distribution.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the signal distribution is a jitter signal distribution.
14. An apparatus for analyzing a distribution, the apparatus comprising:
(a) a measurement apparatus for collecting data; and
(b) an analyzing unit, operatively connected to the measurement apparatus, for collecting data from the measurement apparatus, constructing a histogram based on the data such that the histogram defines a distribution, fitting tail regions of the distribution, wherein deterministic and random components of the distribution are estimated.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the analyzing unit further comprises:
(a) means for finding a first and a second tail region of the distribution;
(b) means for fitting the first and second tail region to a predefined first model and second model; and
(c) means for determining fitted parameters of the first model and the second model.
16. An article of manufacture comprising a program storage medium readable by a computer having a memory, the medium tangibly embodying one or more programs of instructions executable by the computer to perform method steps for performing operations analyzing a distribution, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) collecting data from a data source;
(b) constructing a histogram based on the data such that the histogram defines a distribution; and
(c) fitting tail regions of the distribution wherein deterministic and random components of the distribution are estimated.
17. The article of manufacture of claim 16, wherein the fitting step further comprises the steps of:
(a) finding a first and a second tail region of the distribution;
(b) fitting the first and second tail region to a predefined first model and second model; and
(c) determining the fitted parameters of the first model and the second model.

1. A method of operating a NAND flash memory device, comprising:
receiving command and address signals at a first frequency in response to a clock signal having the first frequency;
increasing the frequency of the clock signal from the first frequency to a second frequency; and
receiving a data signal at the second frequency in response to the clock signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the address signal is a starting address signal.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprises receiving the command, address, and data signals in succession.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the command and address signals comprises receiving the command signal at a command register of the memory device and receiving the address signal at an address register of the memory device.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving data signal comprises receiving the data signal at a cache register or a data register of the memory device.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprises decoding the address signal.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the address signal comprises column and row addresses.
8. A method of operating a NAND flash memory device, comprising:
receiving a clock signal at first frequency;
receiving command and address signals that are timed by the clock signal at the first frequency so that command and address signals are received at the first frequency;
receiving the clock signal at a second frequency greater than the first frequency; and
receiving a data signal that is timed by the clock signal at the second frequency so that the data signal is received at the second frequency.
9. The method of claim 8 further comprises receiving the command, address, and data signals in succession.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the command, address, and data signals are received over a common bus.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the second frequency commences at a rising clock edge of the clock signal that occurs immediately after a rising clock edge of the clock signal at which a last portion of the address signal was received.
12. A method of operating a NAND flash memory device, comprising:
receiving command and address signals at a first frequency; and
receiving a data signal at a second frequency that is greater than the first frequency;
wherein the second frequency commences after a delay time between receiving a last portion of the address signal and receiving a first portion of the data signal.
13. A method of operating a NAND flash memory device, comprising:
receiving command and address signals at a first frequency; and
receiving a data signal at a second frequency that is greater than the first frequency;
wherein the second frequency commences at a rising clock edge of a clock signal that occurs immediately after a rising clock edge of the clock signal at which a last portion of the address signal was received; and
wherein the clock signal has the first frequency while the command and address signals are received at the first frequency, and the clock signal has the second frequency while the data signal is received at the second frequency.
14. A method of operating a NAND flash memory device, comprising:
receiving command and address signals at a first frequency; and
receiving a data signal at a second frequency that is greater than the first frequency;
wherein the command signal and the address signal are respectively received at immediately successive rising clock edges of a first portion of a clock signal;
wherein a first portion of the data signal is received at a rising clock edge of a second portion of the clock signal, the rising clock edge of the second portion of the clock signal at which the first portion of the data signal is received is located immediately after a rising clock edge of the first portion of the clock signal at which a last portion of the address signal is received;
wherein remaining portions of the data signal are received at immediately successive rising clock edges of the second portion of the clock signal; and
wherein the first portion of the clock signal has the first frequency and the second portion of the clock signal has the second frequency.
15. A method of operating a NAND flash memory device, comprising:
receiving command and address signals at a first frequency; and
receiving a data signal at a second frequency that is greater than the first frequency;
wherein the address signal is received at a rising edge of a clock signal immediately following a rising edge of the clock signal at which the command signal was received.
16. A method of operating a NAND flash memory device, comprising:
receiving command and address signals at a first frequency; and
receiving a data signal at a second frequency that is greater than the first frequency;
wherein the address signal comprises first and second addresses; and
wherein a first portion of the second address is received at a rising edge of a clock signal immediately following a rising edge of the clock signal at which a last portion of the first address was received; and
wherein the clock signal has the first frequency while the command and address signals are received at the first frequency, and the clock signal has the second frequency while the data signal is received at the second frequency.
17. An electronic system, comprising:
a processor; and
a memory device coupled to the processor;
wherein the processor is configured to generate a clock signal having a first frequency in response to the processor transmitting control and address signals to the memory device for timing the control and address signals; and
wherein the processor is configured to increase the frequency of the clock signal from the first frequency to a second frequency in response to the processor transmitting a data signal to the memory device.
18. The electronic system of claim 17, wherein the command, address, and data signals are transmitted in succession.
19. An electronic system, comprising:
a processor;
a NAND flash memory device; and
an inputoutput bus coupled between the processor and the memory device;
wherein the processor is adapted to perform a method, comprising:
transmitting command and address signals at a first frequency to the memory device over the inputoutput bus; and
transmitting a data signal at a second frequency, greater than the first frequency, to the memory device over the inputoutput bus;
wherein the second frequency commences after a delay time between transmitting a last portion of the address signal and transmitting a first portion of the data signal.
20. An electronic system, comprising:
a processor;
a NAND flash memory device; and
an inputoutput bus coupled between the processor and the memory device;
wherein the processor is adapted to perform a method, comprising:
transmitting command and address signals at a first frequency to the memory device over the inputoutput bus; and
transmitting a data signal at a second frequency, greater than the first frequency, to the memory device over the inputoutput bus;
wherein the second frequency commences at a rising clock edge of a clock signal, generated by the processor, that occurs immediately after a rising clock edge of the clock signal at which a last portion of the address signal was transmitted; and
wherein the clock signal has the first frequency while the command and address signals are received at the first frequency, and the clock signal has the second frequency while the data signal is received at the second frequency.
21. An electronic system, comprising:
a processor;
a NAND flash memory device; and
an inputoutput bus coupled between the processor and the memory device;
wherein the processor is adapted to perform a method, comprising:
transmitting command and address signals at a first frequency to the memory device over the inputoutput bus; and
transmitting a data signal at a second frequency, greater than the first frequency, to the memory device over the inputoutput bus;
wherein the address signal is received at a rising edge of a clock signal immediately following a rising edge of the clock signal at which the command signal was received.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1.-7. (canceled)
8. An aircraft wing, comprising:
a wing box formed from a first material;
a leading edge structure formed from a second material and attached to the wing box, the leading edge structure being detachable from the wing box and replaceable; and
a cooling channel extending through the leading edge structure along a direction defined by a span of the leading edge, the cooling channel comprising at least one fluid conduit for communicating a fluid through the leading edge structure for reducing a temperature thereof.
9. An aircraft wing according to claim 8, wherein the second material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metals, refractory alloys, and ceramics.
10. An aircraft wing according to claim 8, wherein the leading edge structure comprises integrally formed stiffeners formed from the second material.
11. An aircraft wing according to claim 8, wherein a leading edge structure has a replaceable tip that is assembled to the leading edge structure with an assembly technique comprising a tolerance fit keyway joint, and the cooling channel extends through the replaceable tip.
12. An aircraft wing according to claim 8, wherein the leading edge structure has a variable geometry extending in a direction defined by a span of the aircraft wing.
13. A method of forming a wing of an aircraft, comprising:
(a) designing a wing as a digital model having a wing box and a leading edge structure;
(b) fabricating the wing box without the leading edge structure from the digital model using a first material; and
(c) directly depositing the leading edge structure directly from the digital model using a second material to directly form the leading edge structure on the wing box at a leading edge spar thereof; and
(d) assembling the leading edge structure to the wing box at a leading edge spar.
14. A method according to claim 13, wherein the second material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metals, refractory alloys, and ceramics.
15. A method according to claim 13, further comprising the steps of fabricating a replaceable tip separately from the leading edge structure, and then mechanically assembling the replaceable tip to the leading edge structure.
16. A method according to claim 13, further comprising forming at least one cooling channel in the leading edge structure for circulating a fluid therethrough for cooling the leading edge structure.
17. A method according to claim 13, further comprising forming stiffening elements in the leading edge structure.
18. A method according to claim 13, further comprising forming the leading edge structure with a variable geometry along a span of the wing.
19. A method of forming a wing of an aircraft, comprising:
(a) designing a wing as a digital model having a wing box and a leading edge structure;
(b) fabricating the wing box without the leading edge structure from the digital model using a first material;
(c) directly depositing the leading edge structure directly from the digital model using a second material to directly form the leading edge structure on the wing box at a leading edge spar thereof; and
(d) forming at least one cooling channel in the leading edge structure for circulating a fluid therethrough for cooling the leading edge structure.
20. A method according to claim 19, wherein the second material is selected from the group consisting of refractory metals, refractory alloys, and ceramics.
21. A method according to claim 19, further comprising the steps of fabricating a replaceable tip separately from the leading edge structure, and then mechanically assembling the replaceable tip to the leading edge structure.
22. A method according to claim 19, further comprising forming stiffening elements in the leading edge structure.