All The Claims

1-9. (canceled)
10. A substrate at least partially coated with a coating composition comprising:
(a) a film-forming resin,
(b) a radiation cure initiator,
(c) a colorant, and
(d) a diluent,
wherein the coating composition is substantially free of radiation curable material.
11. The substrate of claim 10, wherein the substrate comprises a porous substrate.
12. The porous substrate of claim 11, wherein the substrate comprises wood.
13. A substrate at least partially coated with a multi-layer composite coating system, wherein the multi-layer composite coating system comprises:
(a) a colorant layer deposited from a coating composition comprising:
(1) a film-forming resin,
(2) a radiation cure initiator,
(3) a colorant, and
(4) a diluent,
wherein the coating composition is substantially free of radiation curable material, and

(b) at least one of a sealer and topcoat deposited from a radiation curable composition, applied over at least a portion of the stain layer andor the toner layer.
14. The substrate of claim 13, wherein either:
(i) the colorant later is deposited from a composition that comprises a cationic photoinitiator when the at least one of a sealer and topcoat are deposited from a radiation curable composition comprising a radiation curable material susceptible to cationic cure, or
(ii) colorant later is deposited from a composition that comprises a free radical photoinitiator when the at least one of a sealer and topcoat are deposited from a radiation curable composition comprising a radiation curable material susceptible to free radical cure.
15. A porous substrate at least partially coated with a multi-layer composite coating system, wherein the multi-layer composite coating system comprises:
(a) a toner layer,
(b) a stain layer deposited over at least a portion of the toner,
(c) a sealer deposited from a radiation curable composition, wherein the sealer is deposited over at least a portion of the stain layer, and
(d) a topcoat deposited from a radiation curable composition, wherein the topcoat is deposited over at least a portion of the sealer, and
wherein at least one of the toner layer and the stain layer are deposited from a coating composition comprising:
(1) a film-forminq resin,
(2) a radiation cure initiator,
(3) a colorant, and
(4) a diluent,
wherein the coating composition is substantially free of radiation curable material.
16. The substrate of claim 15, wherein the sealer and topcoat radiation curable compositions comprise a polymer comprising an alkyd portion and a free radical curable portion.
17-20. (canceled)
21. The substrate of claim 10, wherein the coating composition comprises a stain or a toner.
22. The substrate of claim 10, wherein the film-forming resin comprises an alkyd resin or a cellulosic resin.
23. The substrate of claim 10, wherein the coating composition is completely free of radiation curable material.
24. The substrate of claim 10, wherein the radiation cure initiator comprises a photoinitiator selected from a cationic photoinitiator andor a free radical photoinitiator.
25. The substrate of claim 24, wherein the photoinitiator comprises 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide.
26. The substrate of claim 10, wherein the coating composition further comprises an additive comprising an organo-silicon andor organo-fluorine containing molecule andor polymer.
27. The substrate of claim 26, wherein the organo-silicon containing molecule andor polymer comprises an organo silane.
28. The substrate of claim 27, wherein the organo silane comprises an amino silane, an epoxy silane, or a mixture thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An organic EL display comprising:
an organic EL display panel to have a metal electrode;
a first polarizing plate on the organic EL display panel; and
a second polarizing plate on the first polarizing plate to have a polarization characteristic of absorbing light in a high light efficiency wavelength range more than light in a low light efficiency wavelength range,
wherein the first polarizing plate is converting a linearly polarized light into a circularly polarized or converting a circularly polarized light into a linearly polarized light and
wherein polarization efficiency and transmittance of the second polarizing plate are differently set per a red wavelength, a green wavelength and a blue wavelength, respectively and the second polarizing plate has high transmittance and low polarization efficiency in a blue wavelength rather than the green and red wavelengths.
2. The organic EL display of claim 1, wherein the first polarizing plate is a \u03bb4 retarder.
3. The organic EL display of claim 1, wherein the second polarizing plate is a dichroic dye based polarizing plate fabricated by aligning dichroic dye in one direction by extension wherein the dichroic dye has a light absorption characteristic differing according to a light wavelength and a polarized direction.
4. The organic EL display of claim 1, wherein a maximum value of polarization efficiency of the second polarizing plate is tuned to a wavelength corresponding to a maximum value of a visual curve.
5. The organic EL display of claim 1, wherein a maximum value of polarization efficiency of the second polarizing plate is tuned to a wavelength corresponding to a maximum value of an external light.
6. An organic EL display comprising:
a substrate;
an anode on one surface of the substrate;
an organic EL layer on the anode;
a metal cathode on the organic EL layer;
a \u03bb4 retarder on the other surface of the substrate; and
a dichroic dye based polarizing plate on the \u03bb4 retarder to have a polarization characteristic of absorbing light in a high light efficiency wavelength range more than light in a low light efficiency wavelength range, wherein the dichrioc dye based polarizing plate is fabricated by aligning dichrioc dye in one direction by extension,
wherein the \u03bb4 retarder is converting a linearly polarized light from the dichroic dye based polarizing plate into a circularly polarized light to the substrate and converting a circularly polarized light from the substrate into a linearly polarized light to the dichroic dye based polarizing plate and
wherein the dichroic dye based polarizing plate has high transmittance and low polarization efficiency in a blue wavelength rather than the red and green wavelengths.
7. The organic EL display of claim 6, wherein the dichroic dye has a light absorption characteristic differing according to a light wavelength and a polarized direction.
8. The organic EL display of claim 6, wherein a maximum value of polarization efficiency of the dichroic dye based polarizing plate is tuned to a wavelength corresponding to a maximum value of a visual curve.
9. An organic EL display comprising:
an organic EL display panel to have a metal electrode;
a first polarizing plate on the organic EL display panel; and
a second polarizing plate on the first polarizing plate to have a polarization characteristic of absorbing light in a high light efficiency wavelength range more than light in a low light efficiency wavelength range,
wherein the first polarizing plate is converting a linearly polarized light into a circularly polarized or converting a circularly polarized light into a linearly polarized light and
wherein the second polarizing plate has high transmittance and low polarization efficiency in blue and red wavelengths rather than a green wavelength.

1. A multipurpose pseudospark switch comprising:
a hollow cathode comprising a base and an aperture opposite the base, wherein the base of the hollow cathode comprises a planar, spiral electrode on a non-conducting support material;
an anode electrically insulated from the hollow cathode, located opposite the aperture of the hollow cathode and separated a gap distance there from;
means for selectively applying a potential between the hollow cathode and the anode, and selectively applying a potential to the planar spiral electrode; and
a sealed housing enclosing the hollow cathode, anode, and a gas.
2. The pseudospark switch of claim 1 further comprising a gas inlet port vacuum pump connecting port in the sealed housing.
3. The pseudospark switch of claim 1 wherein the gas is an inert, elemental gas.
4. The pseudospark switch of claim 1, wherein the anode has a disc shape and comprises a central aperture.
5. The pseudospark switch of claim 1, wherein the spiral electrode is made from a molybdenum alloy coated with copper.
6. The pseudospark switch of claim 1, wherein the spiral electrode is formed on a ceramic material.
7. The pseudospark switch of claim 1, wherein the electrical insulator comprises a ceramic material.
8. The pseudospark switch of claim 1 further comprising an intermediary electrode located between and insulated from the hollow cathode and anode and having an aperture allowing electrons to pass from the hollow cathode to the anode.
9. The pseudospark switch of claim 1 further comprising a trigger in electrical communication with the spiral electrode.
10. A pseudospark electron beam generator comprising:
a) a hollow cathode comprising a base and an aperture opposite the base, wherein the base of the hollow cathode comprises a planar, spiral electrode on a non-conducting support material;
b) a hollow anode having a pair of opposing apertures that is electrically insulated from the hollow cathode, separated from the hollow cathode by a gap distance, wherein the apertures of the hollow anode are in alignment with the aperture of the hollow cathode;
c) an intermediary electrode located between and electrically insulated from the hollow cathode and hollow cathode, the intermediary electrode having an aperture in alignment with the apertures of the hollow cathode and hollow anode;
d) means for selectively applying a potential between the hollow cathode and the anode, and selectively applying a potential to the planar spiral electrode and intermediary electrode and
e) a sealed housing enclosing all elementscomponents of a-c.
11. A method for generating a pseudospark discharge comprising:
A sealed chamber enclosing a hollow cathode, an anode, and a gas wherein:
the hollow cathode comprises a base and an aperture on opposing sides, wherein the base of the hollow cathode comprises a planar, spiral electrode on a non-conducting support material;
the anode is electrically insulated from the hollow cathode, is located opposite the aperture of the hollow cathode and is separated by a gap distance there from;
selectively applying a potential to the planar spiral electrode to ionize gas within the hollow cathode and
selectively applying a potential between the hollow cathode and the anode;
wherein a pseudospark discharge is initiated between the hollow cathode and anode by ionized gas formed within the hollow cathode.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein selectively applying a potential to the planar spiral electrode to ionize gas within the hollow cathode is accomplishes through the use of a high voltage trigger or a laser trigger.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein the anode is a hollow anode comprising opposed apertures in alignment with the aperture of the hollow cathode.
14. The method of claim 13 further comprising an intermediary electrode located between and insulated from the hollow cathode and anode and having an aperture allowing electrons to pass from the hollow cathode to the anode.
15. The method of claim 11 further comprising an intermediary electrode located between and insulated from the hollow cathode and anode and having an aperture allowing electrons to pass from the hollow cathode to the anode.
16. The method of claim 11 wherein the pseudospark discharge is used as an electron beam source.
17. The method of claim 11 wherein the spiral electrode has an inductance of 0.5-3 \u03bcH, the hollow cathode has diameter of 40-60 mm, the distance between the spiral electrode, and the aperture in the hollow cathode is 20-50 mm.
18. The method of claim 11 wherein the pseudospark discharge produces a current of 50-200 A, a current density of 1-10 kAcm2, a brightness of 1010-1012 A\xb7m\u22122\xb7rad\u22122, an emittance of 5-60 mm\xb7mrad, and electrons having an energy of 0.02-0.15 MeV.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method, comprising:
accessing a shopping site using a user device;
determining a viewing environment of a display on the user device;
receiving an image depicting a product on the shopping site, the image selected from a plurality of different images of the product taken under a plurality of different viewing environments and matching the viewing environment of the display on the user device; and
showing the image to a user on the display of the user device.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining step comprises:
displaying the plurality of different viewing environments to the user on the display of the user device; and
receiving a user selection of a particular one of the plurality of different viewing environments,
wherein the image is matched to the viewing environment responsive to the user selection.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of receiving a user selection comprises receiving a plurality of user selections of various ones of the plurality of different viewing environments to enable the user to view the product in the various ones of the plurality of different viewing environments prior to purchasing or leasing the product.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining step comprises determining characteristics of the viewing environment of the display of the user device using a camera in the user device, wherein the image is matched to the viewing environment responsive to the characteristics.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the image is matched to the viewing environment responsive to a type of ambient lighting present at the user device.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the type of ambient lighting is selected or determined from among two or more of incandescent lighting, fluorescent lighting, light emitting diode lighting, and natural lighting conditions.
7. A method, comprising:
obtaining a plurality of images of a product under a plurality of different viewing environments, the product being available on a shopping site;
identifying a particular one of the plurality of images that match a viewing environment of a display of a user device; and
sending the particular one of the plurality of images to the user device for displaying on the display of the user device.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising providing a plurality of user-selectable viewing environments to the user device for showing on a display of the user device responsive to a user of the user device accessing the shopping site, each of the plurality of user-selectable viewing environments representing a respective possible viewing environment of the display of the user device,
wherein the particular one of the plurality of images is identified responsive to a user selection of a particular one of the user-selectable viewing environments.
9. The method of claim 7, further comprising receiving characteristics of the viewing environment of the display of the user device determined using a camera in the user device, wherein the particular one of the plurality of images is identified responsive to the characteristics.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the particular one of the plurality of images is identified responsive to a type of ambient lighting present at the user device.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the type of ambient lighting is selected or determined from among two or more of incandescent lighting, fluorescent lighting, light emitting diode lighting, and natural lighting conditions.
12. A system, comprising:
an image database for storing a plurality of images of a product taken under a plurality of different viewing environments, the product being available on a shopping site;
a user device for accessing the shopping site and providing an indication of a viewing environment of a display on the user device;
means for identifying a particular one of the plurality of images that matches the viewing environment of the display of the user device responsive to the indication;
means for providing the particular one of the plurality of images to the user device for display thereon.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the user device displays the plurality of different viewing environments to the user on the display of the user device, receives a user selection of a particular one of the plurality of different viewing environments, and forwards the user selection as the indication to the means for identifying.
14. The system of claim 12, wherein the mobile device determines characteristics of the viewing environment of the display of the user device determined using a camera in the user device, and forwards the characteristics as the indication to the means for identifying.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the particular one of the plurality of images is identified responsive to a type of ambient lighting present at the user device.