All The Claims

1. An apparatus for classification of a fat to lean interface of a meat cut and trimming the fat therefrom comprising:
a split multi-belt conveyor powered by a conveyor drive and operable for conveying a meat cut, said conveyor having a plurality of proximately spaced conveyor belts extending in parallel and coplanar along a path of conveyance having a plurality of uniform gaps between the plurality of belts;
a probe assembly having a plurality of elongated laterally aligned probes operable to sense a fat to lean interface of the meat cut where each of said probes are aligned along one of the gaps and the probe assembly is selectively driven by a drive to effect elevation and lowering of the probes and effect travel along a circular path for insertion and retraction of the probes and where said probe assembly is operable to output a plurality of signals each characteristic of the fat to lean interface sensed by one of the plurality of probes; and
a meat cut hold down assembly positioned above the multi-belt conveyor and having an endless hold down track powered by a hold down drive and operable to hold down and convey the meat cut along the path of conveyance during probing.
2. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 1 where the probe assembly is operable to tip forward along the path of conveyance to be carried along by the meat being conveyed during penetration.
3. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 1 further comprising:
a plurality of endless grab chains for grabbing and pulling the meat cut into a blade, said grab chain having a plurality of teeth where each of said grab chains extend along the path of conveyance and each aligned along one of the gaps and powered by the conveyor drive.
4. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 1 further comprising:
a blade assembly having a blade positioned in one of the gaps along the path of conveyance and operable to position the blade responsive to the lean to fat interface sensed by the probes.
5. The apparatus for trimming as recited in claim 4 where the blade assembly comprises an articulating blade arm having the blade mounted thereon on a first end of said arm and having a pivoting point in a central portion of the blade arm, and an actuator operatively attached to an opposing end of said blade arm for selectively effecting pivoting about the pivot point for positioning the blade mounted to the first end.
6. The apparatus for trimming as recited in claim 5 where the blade is compliantly attached to the first end of the blade arm to allow for at least one range of motion.
7. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 1 further comprising:
a plurality of blade assemblies each positioned in one of the gaps along the path of conveyance and having a plurality of blades attached thereto where the blade assemblies are operable to controllably position the plurality of blades each to a position responsive to the plurality of signals from the plurality of probes.
8. An apparatus for classification of a fat to lean interface of a meat cut and trimming the fat therefrom comprising:
a probe assembly having a plurality of elongated laterally aligned probes operable to sense a fat to lean interface of a meat cut where each of said probes are aligned along one of a plurality of gaps between split conveyor belts and said probe assembly operable to be selectively driven by a drive to effect elevation and lowering of the probe assembly along a circular path for insertion and retraction of the plurality of probes and where said probe assembly is operable to output a plurality of signals from the plurality of probes each characteristic of the fat to lean interface sensed by one of the plurality of probes.
9. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 8 further comprising:
a blade assembly having a plurality of blades where the blade assembly is operable to controllably position the plurality of blades each to one of a plurality of positions in response to the plurality of signals from one of the plurality of probes.
10. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 8 where the probe assembly is operable to tip forward along the path of conveyance to be carried along by the meat cut during penetration.
11. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 8 where the probe assembly has a lifter member attached thereto one end of the probe assembly and the lifter is pivotally attached to a crank member which can be selectively driven to effect the circular motion of the probe assembly.
12. An apparatus for classification of a fat to lean interface of a meat cut and trimming the fat therefrom comprising:
a probe assembly having a plurality of elongated laterally aligned probes operable to sense a fat to lean interface of a meat cut where each of said probes are aligned along one of a plurality of gaps between split belts and said probe assembly operable to be selectively driven by a drive to effect elevation and lowering of the probe assembly along a circular path for insertion and retraction of the plurality of probes and where said probe assembly is operable to output a plurality of signals from the plurality of probes each characteristic of the fat to lean interface sensed by one of the plurality of probes; and
a blade assembly having a plurality of blade elements laterally aligned and each blade element aligned along one of the plurality of gaps downstream of the probes along a path of conveyance and said blade assembly operable to control a cutting position of the plurality of blades responsive to the plurality of signals from the probe assembly characteristic of the fat to lean interface for trimming fat from the meat cut.
13. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 12 where the probe assembly is operable to tip forward along the path of conveyance to be carried along by the meat cut during penetration.
14. The apparatus for trimming fat as recited in claim 13 further comprising:
a meat cut hold down assembly positioned above the probe assembly and having an endless hold down track powered by a hold down drive and operable to hold down and convey the meat cut along the path of conveyance during probing.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for producing optically active amines of formula (9):
(wherein the group represented by ring A is aryl, substituted aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic heterocyclic group; R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, substituted alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, substituted aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl or substituted aralkyloxycarbonyl; R12 is hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, COOR19, (R19 is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group), COR20 (R20 is a substituted amino group) or substituted amino; R13, R15 and R16 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl; R14 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, aralkylthio, substituted aralkylthio, heteroarylthio, substituted heteroarylthio, substituted amino, substituted silyl, alkylseleno, aralkylseleno, arylseleno or heteroarylseleno; R14 and R16 taken together may form a ring; the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom;
is a divalent group corresponding to the group represented by ring A as mentioned above), or (10):
(wherein R17 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, substituted amino or substituted silyl; R18 is hydrogen or alkyl; R10 and R12 are each the same as mentioned above; the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom; and
is the same as mentioned above), which comprises reacting an imine equivalent of formula (6):
(wherein R11 is a leaving group; and ring A, R10 and R12 are each the same meaning as mentioned above) with an alkene of formula (7):
(wherein R13, R14, R15 and R16 are each the same as mentioned above) or an alkyne of formula (8):
R17\u2014C\u2261C\u2014R18 \u2003\u2003(8)

(wherein R17 and R18 are each the same as mentioned above) in the presence of a chiral catalyst.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein an optically active compound of formula (9b):
(wherein the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom ; the group represented by ring A, and R10 to R16 are each the same as mentioned above) or an optically active compound of formula (10b):
(wherein the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom; the group represented by ring A, R10, R11, R12, R17 and R18 are each the same as mentioned above) is formed in the reaction system.
3. A method for producing optically active amines of formula (9):
(wherein the group of ring A is aryl, substituted aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic heterocyclic group; R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, substituted alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, substituted aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl or substituted aralkyloxycarbonyl; R12 is hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, COOR19 (R19 is a hydrocarbon group or substituted hydrocarbon group), COR20 (R20 is a substituted amino group), or substituted amino; R13, R15 and R16 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl; R14 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, aralkylthio, substituted aralkylthio, heteroarylthio, substituted heteroarylthio, substituted amino, substituted silyl, alkylseleno, aralkylseleno, arylseleno or heteroarylseleno; and R14 and R16 taken together may form a ring;
is a divalent group corresponding to the group represented by ring A as mentioned above; and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom) or (10):
(wherein R17 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, substituted amino or substituted silyl; R18 is hydrogen or alkyl; R10, R12, ring A, the symbol * and
are each the same as mentioned above), which comprises cyclization of an optically active compound of formula (9b):
(wherein R11 is a leaving group; the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom; the group of ring A and R10 to R16 are each the same as mentioned above) or an optically active compound of formula (10b):
(wherein the group represented by ring A, R10, R11, R12, R17, R18 and the symbol * are each the same as mentioned above).
4. A method for producing optically active amines of formula (9a-1):
(wherein the group represented by ring A is aryl, substituted aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic heterocyclic group; R12 is hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, COOR19 (R19 is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group), COR20 (R20 is a substituted amino group) or substituted amino; R13, R15 and R16 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl; R23 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, aralkylthio, substituted aralkylthio, heteroarylthio, substituted heteroarylthio, substituted amino, substituted silyl, alkylseleno, aralkylseleno, arylseleno or heteroarylseleno; and R23 and R16, taken together may form a ring;
is a divalent group corresponding to the group represented by ring A as mentioned above; and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom) or (10a):
(wherein R17 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, substituted amino or substituted silyl; R18 is hydrogen or alkyl; R12 and
are each the same as mentioned above; and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom), which comprises reacting an imine of formula (6a):
(wherein the group represented by ring A and R12 are each the same as mentioned above) with an alkene of formula (7a):
(wherein R13, R15, R16 and R23 are each the same as mentioned above), or with an alkyne of formula (8):
R17\u2014C\u2261C\u2014R18 \u2003\u2003(8)

(wherein R17 and R18 are each the same as mentioned above) in the presence of a chiral catalyst.
5. A method for producing optically active 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines of formula (1A):
(wherein R2 is a hydrocarbon group, a substituted hydrocarbon group or COOR9(R9 is a hydrocarbon group); R4 to R7 are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R8 is a hydrocarbon group; R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, substituted alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, substituted aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl or substituted aralkyloxycarbonyl; and R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring, and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom), which comprises reacting an imine equivalent of formula (2):
(wherein R1 is a leaving group; R3 is hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R3 and R4, R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring, provided that either of R3 or R7 is hydrogen; R2 to R7 and R10 are each the same as mentioned above) with a N-vinyl carbamate of formula (3):
(wherein R8 is the same as mentioned above) in the presence of a chiral Lewis acid.
6. A method for producing optically active quinolines of formula (1):
(wherein R2 is a hydrocarbon group, a substituted hydrocarbon group or COOR9 (R9 is hydrocarbon); R4 to R7 are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring; R8 is a hydrocarbon group; and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom), which comprises reacting an imine of formula (2a):
(wherein R3 is hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R3 and R4, R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring, provided that either of R3 or R7 is hydrogen; R2, and R4 to R7 are each the same as mentioned above) with an N-vinyl carbamate of formula (3):
(wherein R8 is the same as mentioned above) in the presence of a chiral Lewis acid.
7. A method for producing optically active 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines of formula (1):
(wherein R2 is a hydrocarbon group, a substituted hydrocarbon group or COOR9(R9 is a hydrocarbon group); R4 to R7 are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring; R8 is a hydrocarbon group; and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom), which comprises reacting an amine of formula (4):
(wherein R3 is hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R3 and R4, R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring, provided that either of R3 or R7 is hydrogen; R4 to R7 are each the same as mentioned above), with an aldehyde of formula (5):
R2\u2014CHO \u2003\u2003(5)

(wherein R2 is the same as mentioned above) and a compound capable of forming imine equivalents, and reacting the resulting imine equivalent of formula (2):
(wherein R1 is a leaving group; R2 to R7 are each the same as mentioned above) with an N-vinyl carbamate of formula (3):
(wherein R8 is the same as mentioned above) in the presence of a chiral Lewis acid.
8. A method for producing optically active 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines of formula (1):
(wherein R2 is a hydrocarbon group, a substituted hydrocarbon group or COOR9 (R9 is a hydrocarbon group); R4 to R7 are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring; R8 is a hydrocarbon group; and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom), which comprises reacting an amine of formula (4):
(wherein R3 is hydrogen, hydrocarbon, halogen, halogenated hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl, alkylenedioxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, cyano, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonyl or substituted silyl; R3 and R4, R4 and R5, R5 and R6, or R6 and R7, taken together, may form a fused ring, provided that either of R3 or R7 is hydrogen; and R4 to R7 are each the same as mentioned above) with an aldehyde of formula (5):
R2\u2014CHO \u2003\u2003(5)

(wherein R2 is the same as mentioned above), and reacting the resulting imine with a N-vinyl carbamate of formula (3):
(wherein R8 is the same as mentioned above) in the presence of a chiral Lewis acid.
9. A mixture of an optically active amine of formula (9):
(wherein R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, substituted alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, substituted aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl or substituted aralkyloxycarbonyl; R12 is hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, COOR19 (R19 is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group), COR20 (R20 is a substituted amino group) or substituted amino; R13, R15 and R16 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl; R14 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, aralkylthio, substituted aralkylthio, heteroarylthio, substituted heteroarylthio, substituted amino, substituted silyl, alkylseleno, aralkylseleno, arylseleno or heteroarylseleno; R14 and R16, taken together, may form a ring; the group represented by ring A is aryl, substituted aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
is a divalent group corresponding to the group represented by ring A as mentioned above; and the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom) and an optically active compound of formula (9b):
(wherein R11 is a leaving group; the group represented by ring A, R10, R12 to R16 and the symbol * are each the same as mentioned above).
10. A mixture of optically active amines of formula (10):
(wherein the group represented by ring A is aryl, substituted aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic heterocyclic group; R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, substituted alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, substituted aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl or substituted aralkyloxycarbonyl; R12 is hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon, COOR19 (R19 is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group), COR20 (R20 is a substituted amino group) or substituted amino; R17 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, substituted amino or substituted silyl; R18 is hydrogen or alkyl; the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom; and
is a divalent group corresponding to the group represented by ring A as mentioned above) and an optically active compound (10b):
(wherein R11 is a leaving group; R10, R12, R17, R18 the symbol * and the group represented by ring A are each the same as mentioned above).
11. An optically active compound of formula (9c):
(wherein the group represented by ring A is aryl, substituted aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic heterocyclic group; R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, substituted alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, substituted aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl or substituted aralkyloxycarbonyl; R11 is a leaving group; R24 is hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon or COOR19 (R19 is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group), COR20 (R20 is a substituted amino group) or substituted amino; R13, R15 and R16 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl; R14 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, aralkylthio, substituted aralkylthio, heteroarylthio, substituted heteroarylthio, substituted amino, substituted silyl, alkylseleno, aralkylseleno, arylseleno or heteroarylseleno; R14 and R16, taken together, may form a ring; the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon).
12. An optically active compound of formula (10c):
(wherein the group represented by ring A is aryl, substituted aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic heterocyclic group; R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, acyl, substituted acyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, substituted alkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, substituted aryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl or substituted aralkyloxycarbonyl; R11 is a leaving group; R24 is hydrocarbon, substituted hydrocarbon or COOR19 (R19 is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group), COR20 (R20 is a substituted amino group) or substituted amino; R17 is aryl, substituted aryl, aliphatic heterocyclic group, substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy, substituted aralkyloxy, substituted amino or substituted silyl; R18 is hydrogen or alkyl; the symbol * is an asymmetric carbon atom).
13. The optically active compound of formula (9c) according to claim 11, wherein the optically active compound of formula (9c) is an optically active compound of following formula:
(wherein R8 and the symbol * are each the same as mentioned above).

1. A method for the protection of voting options for remote voting in which a physical copy of the selections made by a remote user is generated using a selection application suitable of being executed in a remote environment, comprising the following steps of:
a) generating, using a voting computer, an element that represents in a machine readable format at least the information of one or more selections made by a remote voter; recording, using the voting computer, this generated element in a physical support, and sending this physical support through a physical channel to a central election office;
b) receiving the physical support in the central election office and using a retrieving computer with a reading device, reading with said reading device the machine readable element from the said physical support and retrieving the selections made by the voter from the reading process, and

using a printing device connected to the retrieving computer generate a physical representation of the retrieved original selections susceptible of being processed by the same electronic counting means (e.g. optical scanner) used to count the regular votes.
2. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising using the said voting computer for additionally generating and recording in step a) a human readable representation of at least the user selected options in the same physical media, or a different second physical media but sending this second physical media together with said physical media.
3. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising using the said voting computer for additionally generating in step a) an electronic representation of the user selected options and sending this electronic representation through an electronic communication channel to a voting server located in a central office or other place managed by electoral officers.
4. A method, according to claim 3, further comprising using the voting computer to encode the information included in the electronic representation of the selected options before sending them.
5. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising using a barcode as the machine readable representation of the element that represents the selections made by the remote voter.
6. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising using a paper sheet as the physical support for recording the element that represents the selections made by the remote voter.
7. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising using a postal service as the physical delivery channel.
8. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising using the voting computer for encoding in the step a) the information of the selected options before generating the said element.
9. A method, according to claim 8, further comprising encoding the information in step a) using a compression function andor an encryption function.
10. A method, according to claim 9, further comprising using the retrieving computer to decode in step b) the information encoded in step a) after being read with a reader device, before retrieving the selections made by the user from the decoded information.
11. A method, according to claim 5, further comprising using a barcode reader as the reading device used for reading the barcode representation of the element.
12. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising storing in step b), a copy of the retrieved selected user options in a storage media connected to a retrieving computer.
13. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising generating the physical representation of the selections in step c) by printing the selections and a blank ballot template in a blank sheet of paper, using a printing device.
14. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising generating the physical representation of the selections in step c) by printing these selections as marks in the checkboxes of a blank ballot paper, by using a printing device.
15. A method, according to claim 1, further comprising using the printed ballot for counting the results of the selections made by the remote voter using a specific optical scanner counter.
16. A method, according to claim 2, further comprising adding in step c) and additional process of comparing the selected user options represented in a human form or in an electronic form sent in step a), and the selected user options of the physical representation generated in step c), for deciding if this generated physical representation of step c) is a valid representation.
17. A system for generating a physical copy of the selections made by a remote user that be counted in a specific optical scanner, comprising:
a) a voting computer for capturing the one or more selections made by a voter and generating an element that represents in a machine readable format at least an information of the selections made by the user and recording this element in a physical support;
b) a physical delivery channel for sending this physical support to a central office; and
c) a retrieving computer located at said central office with a reading device for reading and retrieving the selections made by the voter from the machine readable element inserted in said physical support, and with a printing device for printing a physical representation of the selections retrieved in the same ballot format used by a specific optical scanner used at said central office for counting the results.
18. A system according to claim 17, wherein the machine readable format is a barcode, the physical support is a paper, the physical delivery channel is a postal service or FAX service, the reading device is a barcode scanner, and the printing device is a printer.
19. A system according to claim 17, wherein decoupling the retrieving computer in a first retrieving computer with the reading device for reading and retrieving the selections made by the voter, and a second retrieving computer with the printing device for printing a physical representation of the selections retrieved, both first and second retrieving computers having communication or storage means for interchanging the retrieved selections made by the voter.
20. A system according to claim 17, further comprising a network server and an electronic communication channel between this network server and the voting computer, used by the voting computer for sending an electronic representation of the voter selected voting options to said network server.
21. A method, according to claim 13, further comprising using the printed ballot for counting the results of the selections made by the remote voter using a specific optical scanner counter.
22. A method, according to claim 14, further comprising using the printed ballot for counting the results of the selections made by the remote voter using a specific optical scanner counter.
23. A method, according to claim 3, further comprising adding in step c) and additional process of comparing the selected user options represented in a human form or in an electronic form sent in step a), and the selected user options of the physical representation generated in step c), for deciding if this generated physical representation of step c) is a valid representation.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A panel member assembly having a pocket, comprising:
a panel defining a slot and a pocket portion;
the panel defining at least one attaching feature configured to attach the panel to a retainer;
an insert defining another pocket portion; and
the retainer defining at least another attaching feature corresponding to the at least one attaching feature and configured to be attachable to the at least one attaching feature;
wherein the insert is configured to be insertable into the slot;
wherein the panel and the retainer are configured to be operatively attachable to each other so as to retain the insert in the slot sufficiently to form the pocket with the pocket portions; and
wherein the insert, the at least one attaching feature, and the at least another attaching feature are configured such that the insert retained in the slot is not in contact with either of the at least one attaching feature and the at least another attaching feature.
2. The panel member assembly of claim 1, further comprising:
at least one attachment defined by the at least one attaching feature directly attached to the corresponding at least another attaching feature.
3. The panel member assembly of claim 1,
wherein one of the at least one attaching feature and the at least another attaching feature is configured as one of a stud, rivet, protrusion, bolt screw, nut, opening, hole, slot, loop, clip, hook, tab, finger, hook fastener, loop fastener and adhesive.
4. The panel member assembly of claim 1,
wherein the at least one attaching feature is defined by the panel and configured as one of a protrusion or an opening;
wherein the at least another attaching feature is defined by the retainer and configured as the other of the protrusion or the opening;
wherein the panel and retainer are operatively attachable to each other by inserting the at least one protrusion through the at least one opening and fixedly attaching the at least one protrusion to the at least one opening by one of staking, heat staking, spinning or riveting the protrusion.
5. The panel member assembly of claim 1, wherein the insert is fabricated from at least one of a leather, vinyl, cloth, polymeric, plastic, textile, mesh and netted material.
6. The panel member assembly of claim 1,
wherein the insert is configured to include at least one of a cord, strap, loop, band, elastic, bungee, rickrack, tab, hole and opening; and
wherein the insert is operatively attached to one of the panel and retainer by the at least one of a cord, strap, loop, band, elastic, bungee, rickrack, tab, hole and opening.
7. The panel member assembly of claim 1, wherein the slot is configured as a non-linear slot.
8. The panel member assembly of claim 1, wherein the slot has an edge at least partially finished with one of a trim piece, a coating, a film, a hem and an appearance material.
9. The panel member assembly of claim 1, wherein the slot is generally configured as a U-shaped slot.
10. The panel member assembly of claim 1,
wherein the panel has a first surface and a second surface;
wherein the first surface of the panel is an appearance surface cooperating with the insert to form the pocket; and
wherein the retainer is operatively attached to the second surface.
11. A seat assembly operatively attached to a body of a motorized vehicle, the seat assembly comprising:
a panel defining a slot and at least one attaching feature;
an insert including a leading edge; and
a retainer defining at least one corresponding attaching feature;
wherein the insert is configured to be insertable into the slot by inserting the leading edge into the slot;
wherein the insert is retained in the slot to form a pocket with the panel when the insert is inserted into the slot and the retainer is attached to the panel by direct attachment of the at least one attaching feature with the at least one corresponding attaching feature; and
wherein the pocket includes an opening defined by the leading edge.
12. The seat assembly of claim 11,
wherein the insert is configured to include at least one of a cord, strap, loop, band, elastic, bungee, tab, hole and opening; and
wherein the insert is operatively attached to one of the panel and retainer by the at least one of a cord, strap, loop, band, elastic, bungee, rickrack, tab, hole and opening.
13. The seat assembly of claim 11,
the panel including a first surface and a second surface;
wherein the first surface is an appearance surface cooperating with the insert to form the pocket;
wherein a portion of the insert protrudes from the slot on the second surface; and
wherein the retainer is operatively attached to the second surface and in direct contact with the portion of the insert protruding from the slot on the second surface.
14. The seat assembly of claim 11,
wherein one of the at least one attaching feature and the at least one corresponding attaching feature is configured as one of a stud, rivet, protrusion, bolt screw, nut, opening, hole, slot, loop, clip, hook, tab, finger, hook fastener, loop fastener and adhesive; and
wherein the at least one attaching feature is configured to be attachable to the at least one corresponding attaching feature when the panel and the retainer are operatively attached to each other.
15. The seat assembly of claim 11,
wherein the slot is generally configured as a U-shaped slot.